Edmund Fitzgerald Why did the Edmund Fitzgerald go down? Nobody really knows what caused the Edmund Fitzgerald to sink, but that sure hasn't stopped people from trying to solve the mystery. The recovered bell retrieved from a submersible in 530 feet of water from Lake Superior. May the 29 men who perished rest in peace. Great Lakes Shipwreck Museum In the 40 years since the ship went down, a cottage industry of shipwreck theorists have tried in vain to solve the sinking of the Fitzgerald, which rests in two pieces in 530 feet of water on the lake bottom 17 miles north of Whitefish Bay. Edmund Fitzgerald final voyage plot (mlive) Because all 29 men aboard the Fitzgerald went down with the ship -- which was there one minute and gone the next -- the best accounts that investigators could rely on were those of sailors in the vicinity of the ship during the storm, or who had contact with the Fitzgerald somehow in the weeks prior to her final voyage. READ MORE 6 THEORIES OF WHAT SANK THE FITZGERALD The Coast Guard said the cause of the sinking could not be conclusively determined, it maintained that “the most probable cause of the sinking of the S.S. Edmund Fitzgerald was the loss of buoyancy and stability resulting from massive flooding of the cargo hold. What's obvious is that wind and waves played a big role in the sinking. The Ojibwe people call Lake Superior Gichi-Gumi, or “Great Sea.” Given its immense size, the greatest of Great Lakes presents enough fetch on her west-to-east axis to generate waves as large as a four-story building. Elizabeth and Edmund Fitzgerald 1959 Historically, the “Witch of November,” as lake sailors call the equinoctial roiling of the jet stream, has produced the most violent weather systems on record — the Mataafa storm in November 1905, the “White Hurricane” of November 1913, the Armistice Day blow of 1940, and again in November 1975, a system forever linked with the loss of the giant iron boat Edmund Fitzgerald. One of two lifeboats from the Edmund Fitzgerald. Both floated ashore, damaged and empty. (Photo by John Lienhard) The Wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald Gordon Lightfoot The legend lives on from the Chippewa on down Of the big lake they called 'gitche gumee' The lake, it is said, never gives up her dead When the skies of November turn gloomy With a load of iron ore twenty-six thousand tons more Than the Edmund Fitzgerald weighed empty That good ship and crew was a bone to be chewed When the gales of November came early The ship was the pride of the American side Coming back from some mill in Wisconsin As the big freighters go, it was bigger than most With a crew and good captain well seasoned Concluding some terms with a couple of steel firms When they left fully loaded for Cleveland And later that night when the ship's bell rang Could it be the north wind they'd been feelin'? The wind in the wires made a tattle-tale sound And a wave broke over the railing And every man knew, as the captain did too, T'was the witch of November come stealin' The dawn came late and the breakfast had to wait When the gales of November came slashin' When afternoon came it was freezin' rain In the face of a hurricane west wind When suppertime came, the old cook came on deck sayin' Fellas, it's too rough to feed ya At seven pm a main hatchway caved in, he said Fellas, it's been good t'know ya The captain wired in he had water comin' in And the good ship and crew was in peril And later that night when his lights went outta sight Came the wreck of the Edmund Fitzgerald Does any one know where the love of God goes When the waves turn the minutes to hours? The searches all say they'd have made Whitefish Bay If they'd put fifteen more miles behind her They might have split up or they might have capsized They may have broke deep and took water And all that remains is the faces and the names Of the wives and the sons and the daughters Lake Huron rolls, superior sings In the rooms of her ice-water mansion Old Michigan steams like a young man's dreams The islands and bays are for sportsmen And farther below Lake Ontario Takes in what Lake Erie can send her And the iron boats go as the mariners all know With the gales of November remembered In a musty old hall in Detroit they prayed, In the maritime sailors' cathedral The church bell chimed till it rang twenty-nine times For each man on the Edmund Fitzgerald The legend lives on from the Chippewa on down Of the big lake they call 'gitche gumee' Superior, they said, never gives up her dead When the gales of November come early

Gordon Lightfoot has long been thought of as one of the greatest folk singer-songwriters of all time. He's also most often thought of in terms of being an acoustic guitarist, and he has had a limited edition guitar in his honor produced by C.F. Martin & Co.

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