The Tyrolean Iceman, a 5,300-year-old glacier mummy recovered at the Tisenjoch (South Tyrol, Italy) together with his clothes and personal equipment, represents a unique opportunity for prehistoric research. The present work examines the Iceman’s tools which are made from chert or are related to chert working - dagger, two arrowheads, endscraper, borer, small flake and antler retoucher - and considers also the arrowhead still embedded in the shoulder of the mummy. The interdisciplinary results achieved by study of the lithic raw material, technology, use-wear analysis, CT analysis and typology all add new information to Ötzi‘s individual history and his last days, and allow insights into the way of life of Alpine Copper Age communities. The chert raw material of the small assemblage originates from at least three different areas of provenance in the Southalpine region. One, or possibly two, sources derive from outcrops in the Trentino, specifically the Non Valley. Such variability suggests an extensive provisioning network, not at all limited to the Lessini mountains, which was able to reach the local communities. The Iceman’s toolkit displays typological characteristics of the Northern Italian tradition, but also comprises features typical of the Swiss Horgen culture, which will come as no surprise in the toolkit of a man who lived in a territory where transalpine contacts would have been of great importance. Ötzi was not a flintknapper, but he was able to resharpen his tools with a medium to good level of skill. Wear traces reveal that he was a right-hander. Most instruments in the toolkit had reached their final stage of usability, displaying extensive usage, mostly from plant working, resharpenings and breaks. Evidently Ötzi had not had any access to chert for quite some time, which must have been problematic during his last hectic days, preventing him from repairing and integrating his weapons, in particular his arrows. Freshly modified blade tools without any wear suggest planned work which he never carried out, possibly prevented by the events which made him return to the mountains where he was killed by a Southern Alpine archer.
A Copyright-Friendly Toolkit - For makers and other media creators (by Joyce Valenza) by joyce valenza
Samantha Stephenson shares ground-breaking data on the “commandments” of our present culture.
Farm field views
Did you know I have a coaching secret weapon? I do. It’s my Quick Win Toolkit. And now, you can have one, too.
Noah Gideon Brookey is raising funds for Worldbox: A Pathfinder Compatible Toolkit on Kickstarter! An entire world at the click of the button. Generate an entire world with a single click then tweak it to suit your needs.
THE DIGITAL LIBRARIAN'S SURVIVAL TOOLKIT IS A FREE 200+ PAGE GUIDE CROWDSOURCED BY 35+ LIBRARIANS FOR LIBRARIANS.
How to design materials with reprogrammable shape and function
Einige Jahre ist es her, dass die Entwickler der Ackk Studios erfolgreich ihr geplantes Spiel YIIK: A Postmodern RPG via Kickstarter finanzieren…
Les Espaces d'Abraxas is a housing estate in the commune of Noisy-le-Grand, part of the new town Marne-la Vallée, in the Paris suburb Seine-Saint-Denis in
This book presents a collection of twelve interviews with eminent English contemporary writers held during a period of four years. The book allows an illuminating insight into a very lively and thought-provoking literary culture, stirred not only by recent ideas of postmodernism but also by the manifold issues of nationality, culture, and gender subjected to permanent redefinitions towards the end of the twentieth century. The interviews with Peter Ackroyd, John Banville, Julian Barnes, Alain de Botton, Maureen Duffy, Tibor Fischer, John Fowles, Romesh Gunesekera, Tim Parks, Terry Pratchett, Jane Rogers, and Adam Thorpe cover topics such as the relationship between writer and public, the role of the literary tradition, the relevance of contemporary literary theory for the production of literature, images of nationality, intertextuality, changes in the attitude towards language and meaning, and the reception of literary texts by critical reviewers and literary critics.
We need a new approach to public spaces if we really want to stimulate outdoor play for kids. This approach doesn’t start with picking some elements from catalogues of play equipment companies. We should start at the other end by taking into account the bigger picture: the purpose (WHY) and the conditions (HOW) to realise…
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For Teachers by Teachers
After the collapse of civilization, you may need to scavenge for supplies. To do that, you'll need to build a scavenger toolkit.
Creating a nonprofit social toolkit will streamline crowd-sourced promotions and make the campaign process seem achievable to your audience.
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