There is strong evidence of brain-related abnormalities in COVID-191–13. However, it remains unknown whether the impact of SARS-CoV-2 infection can be detected in milder cases, and whether this can reveal possible mechanisms contributing to brain pathology. Here we investigated brain changes in 785 participants of UK Biobank (aged 51–81 years) who were imaged twice using magnetic resonance imaging, including 401 cases who tested positive for infection with SARS-CoV-2 between their two scans—with 141 days on average separating their diagnosis and the second scan—as well as 384 controls. The availability of pre-infection imaging data reduces the likelihood of pre-existing risk factors being misinterpreted as disease effects. We identified significant longitudinal effects when comparing the two groups, including (1) a greater reduction in grey matter thickness and tissue contrast in the orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus; (2) greater changes in markers of tissue damage in regions that are functionally connected to the primary olfactory cortex; and (3) a greater reduction in global brain size in the SARS-CoV-2 cases. The participants who were infected with SARS-CoV-2 also showed on average a greater cognitive decline between the two time points. Importantly, these imaging and cognitive longitudinal effects were still observed after excluding the 15 patients who had been hospitalised. These mainly limbic brain imaging results may be the in vivo hallmarks of a degenerative spread of the disease through olfactory pathways, of neuroinflammatory events, or of the loss of sensory input due to anosmia. Whether this deleterious effect can be partially reversed, or whether these effects will persist in the long term, remains to be investigated with additional follow-up. After infection with SARS-CoV-2, individuals show a greater reduction in grey matter thickness and tissue contrast in the orbitofrontal cortex and parahippocampal gyrus; greater changes in markers of tissue damage in regions that are functionally connected to the primary olfactory cortex; and a greater reduction in global brain size.
Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain atrophy, neuronal loss, and poorer white matter fiber integrity. However, there is conflicting evidence on whether light-to-moderate alcohol consumption shows similar negative associations with brain structure. To address this, we examine the associations between alcohol intake and brain structure using multimodal imaging data from 36,678 generally healthy middle-aged and older adults from the UK Biobank, controlling for numerous potential confounds. Consistent with prior literature, we find negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure. Specifically, alcohol intake is negatively associated with global brain volume measures, regional gray matter volumes, and white matter microstructure. Here, we show that the negative associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure are already apparent in individuals consuming an average of only one to two daily alcohol units, and become stronger as alcohol intake increases. Heavy alcohol consumption has been associated with brain structural changes. Here, using data from the UK biobank, the authors report associations between alcohol intake and brain macrostructure and microstructure.
We needed to make the subject of the free movement of data more graspable for policy- and decision-makers in the EU and Estonia (but also to the general public) during Estonian presidency of Council of the EU.We use various examples to combine the everyd…
A new study has used UK Biobank data to improve our understanding of Ménière’s Disease, a rare condition affecting the inner ear.
Recent research based on UK Biobank data has found that suboptimal sleep is associated with biomarkers of dementia and stroke in the brain.
Vitamin D deficiency is unequivocally linked with inflammation in the form of C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in new research using data from the UK Biobank.
Don’t eschew the daytime siesta – it may save your brain! A study based on data from the UK Biobank and published in Sleep Health, a journal of the National...
AI + biobank Introduce the humanelement, sooner The high failure rate in oncology drug development trials hints at a lack of drug-response data in a heterogeneous tumor population. This can impact even the most confident drug-discovery design. But what if you could introduce this valuable data well before clinical trials? With our proprietary AI/ML platform […]
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Biobank Barometer — JACLYN JUNG
A charity says a biobank library of human tissue is needed so experts can try to cure tinnitus.
Estonian Biobank selects PacBio for whole genome sequencing – TechToday Check more at https://4animalinstincts.com/estonian-biobank-selects-pacbio-for-whole-genome-sequencing-techtoday/
Objective Although 30 min/day of moderate-intensity physical activity is suggested for preventing type 2 diabetes (T2D), the current recommendations exclusively rely on self-reports and rarely consider the genetic risk. We examined the prospective dose-response relationships between total/intensity-specific physical activity and incident T2D accounting for and stratified by different levels of genetic risk. Methods This prospective cohort study was based on 59 325 participants in the UK Biobank (mean age=61.1 years in 2013–2015). Total/intensity-specific physical activity was collected using accelerometers and linked to national registries until 30 September 2021. We examined the shape of the dose-response association between physical activity and T2D incidence using restricted cubic splines adjusted for and stratified by a polygenic risk score (based on 424 selected single nucleotide polymorphisms) using Cox proportional hazards models. Results During a median follow-up of 6.8 years, there was a strong linear dose-response association between moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and incident T2D, even after adjusting for genetic risk. Compared with the least active participants, the HRs (95% CI) for higher levels of MVPA were: 0.63 (0.53 to 0.75) for 5.3–25.9 min/day, 0.41 (0.34 to 0.51) for 26.0–68.4 min/day and 0.26 (0.18 to 0.38) for >68.4 min/day. While no significant multiplicative interaction between physical activity measures and genetic risk was found, we found a significant additive interaction between MVPA and genetic risk score, suggesting larger absolute risk differences by MVPA levels among those with higher genetic risk. Conclusion Participation in physical activity, particularly MVPA, should be promoted especially in those with high genetic risk of T2D. There may be no minimal or maximal threshold for the benefits. This finding can inform future guidelines development and interventions to prevent T2D. The data analyzed in this study are available from the UK Biobank website with approved access. Data could be obtained upon direct application to the UK Biobank Study.
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In This Video, I Explained The most important everyone must do if he/she moving to UK alone or with the family on any visas5 new immigration updates from UK ...
In this video i will tell what are the most important things you must have to do when you came to UK from any country especially for students like Bank accou...
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Glasgow's Kelvingrove Museum and Art Gallery, built in the Spanish Baroque style, was opened in 1901 and is the most visited museum in the UK outside London.
