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"Ho! Neela Ghora re Sawar" "Ho! Rider of the Blue Horse" A voice pierces through the hobbled canter of a steed amidst sounds of rattling metal and rustling wilderness. It interrupts again, as a shadow approaches riding another steed through the flames of dust, the hooves of whose glow, as they spark like ambers on the hard flint rock... Maharana Uday Singh, the founder of Udaipur had suddenly fallen ill, a beloved king of Mewar, he was in Gogunda, preparing for war against the Mughals who had aggressed into his kingdom and captured the prized fort of Chittaur. Within less than a month he succumbs to his illness on 28th of February 1572, his dying lament, to have not reacquired Mewar in its entirety. This although was not before he had proclaimed his younger son Jagmal as successor to the throne of Mewar. The nobles of Mewar however had another plan and did not see Jagmal fit to rule, and Pratap Singh instead was crowned the Maharana of Mewar. Even though it seemed like, the contest was all but over, for another brother, Shakti Singh, elder to Jagmal deemed himself to be more deserving of the title. It was in October 1572, the festival of Aheria had come, and among all festivities, the Maharana and his brothers were blessed by the women for the Ritual Hunt, even the horses were given sacred oblations, and before sunrise, the men went into the wilderness for the hunt. Pratap's childhood friend Tej Singh was accompanying him with the Rajguru (Royal Priest), as they entered the forests, Maharana's steed Chetak smelled wild boar and galloped towards it. Soon Pratap saw the beast moving in the bushes and with a careful aim hurled his spear into it, a shrill cry was heard, and Tej Singh exclaimed, "A good omen, you have felled the animal with the day's first throw". Upon dismounting and approaching his kill, the Maharana was surprised to see his brother Shakti Singh standing beside the killed boar, which now seemed to have another spear in it. "How lucky I am, I got the first kill of the day", Shakti smirked mockingly, to Pratap's bafflement who returned to his friend, "Tej, tell him". "The Maharana's spear hit the boar first, I saw it with my own eyes", Tej Singh repeats. "Lower your tone, it is mine and I will take it", Shakti stares Tej Singh down to which Maharana shouts "Don't touch it", to which Tej again repeats even louder "Don't touch it". Irritated, Shakti draws his sword and walks towards Tej but is interrupted by the Maharana. This was no sibling rivalry for they were step brothers and former claimants to a throne, a fight ensues and as the Rajguru tries to calm both of them down through first verbal and then physical intervention, he is struck by Shakti Singh's sword. The old man dies instantly. Shocked, both of them back off at the mishap "Oh my god, what have you done, this is Brahmahatya, that too of the Rajguru" Pratap shouted in disbelief and anger, "This is unpardonable, leave the soil of Mewar, and don't ever come back". Shaken by all this, Shakti recollects himself, sheathes his sword, mounts his horse and leaves, but not before one final word of severance "Know this Maharana of Mewar, one day I will be back and I will take my revenge"... READ MORE: fb.com/TheReclaMission/photos/a.301901590275672/863138090818683

Gwalior Fort (Hindi: ग्वालियर क़िला Gwalior Qila) is an 8th-century hill fort near Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh, central India. The fort consists of a defensive structure and two main palaces, Gurjari Mahal and Man Mandir, built by Man Singh Tomar. The fort has been controlled by a number of different rulers over time. The Gurjari Mahal palace was built for Queen Mrignayani. It is now an archaeological museum. ETYMOLOGY The word Gwalior is derived from one of the Hindu words for saint, Gwalipa. TOPOGRAPHY The fort is built on an outcrop of Vindhyan sandstone on a solitary, rocky, long, thin, steep hill called Gopachal. The geology of the Gwalior range rock formations is ochre coloured sandstone covered with basalt. There is a horizontal strata, 104 m at its highest point (length 2.4 km and average width 910 m.The stratum forms a near perpendicular precipice. A small river, the Swarnrekha, flows close to the palace. RULERS Legend tells that Suraj Sen Kachwaha, chieftain of the nearby Silhonia village was on a hunting trip. He came upon the hermit, Gwalipa (Galava) who gave the chieftain healing water from the Surajkund reservoir. In gratitude for the healing of leprosy, the chieftain founded Gwalior, naming it after Gwalipa. The earliest record of the fort is 525 AD where it is mentioned in an inscription in the temple of the Hun) emperor, Mihirakula (510 AD). Near the fort is an 875 AD Chaturbhuj temple associated with Telika Mandir. PAL DYNASTY OF KACHAWAHA The Pal dynasty of 86 kings ruled for 989 years. It began with Budha Pal and concluded with Suraj Pal. Budha Pal's son was Tej Karan (1127 - 1128). Gwalipa prophesied that the Pal dynasty would continue while the patronym, Pal was kept. Tej Keran married the daughter of Ran Mul, ruler of Amber (Jaipur) and received a valuable dowry. Tej Keran was offered the reign of Amber as long as he made it his residence. He did so, leaving Gwalior under Ram Deva Pratihar. GUJARA-PRATIHARA DYNASTY The Gurjara-Pratihar dynasty at Gwalior included Pramal Dev, Salam Dev, Bikram Dev, Ratan Dev, Shobhang Dev, Narsinh Dev and Pramal Dev. TURKIC CONQUEST In 1023 AD, Mahmud of Ghazni unsuccessfully attacked the fort. In 1196 AD, after a long siege, Qutubuddin Aibak, first Turkic sultan of Delhi took the fort, ruling till 1211 AD. In 1231 AD, the fort taken by Iltumish, Turkic sultan of Delhi. Under attack from Timurlane, Narasingh Rao, a Jaina chieftain captured the fort. TOMAR RULERS The Rajput Tomara clan ruled Gwalior from 1398 (when Pramal Dev captured the fort from a Muslim ruler) to 1518 (when Vikramaditya was defeated by Ibrahim lodhi). Pramal Dev (Ver Singh, Bir Sing Deo) 1375. Uddhharan Dev (brother of Pramal Dev). Lakshman Dev Tomar Viramdev 1400 (son of Virsingh Dev). Ganapati Dev Tomar 1419. Dugarendra (Dungar) Singh 1424. Kirti Singh Tomar 1454. Mangal Dev (younger son of Kirti Singh). Kalyanmalla Tomar 1479. Man Singh Tomar 1486 - 1516 (builder of the Man mandir). Vikramaditya Tomar 1516. Ramshah Tomar 1526. Salivahan Tomar 1576. SURI DYNASTY In 1519, Ibrahim Lodi took the fort. After his death, control passed to the Mughal emperor Babur. Barber's son, Humayun, was defeated by Sher Shah Suri. After Suri's death in 1540, his son, Islam Shah, moved power from Delhi to Gwalior for strategic reasons. After the death of Islam Shah in 1553, his incumbent, Adil Shah Suri, appointed the Hindu warrior, Hemu (Hem Chandra Vikramaditya) as manager of Gwalior. From 1553 - 1556, Hemu attacked Adil Shah Suri and others from the fort. MUGHAL DYNASTY When the Mughal leader, Akbar captured the fort, he made it a prison for political prisoners. For example, Kamran, Akbar's cousin was held and executed at the fort. Aurangzeb's brother, Murad and nephews Suleman and Sepher Shikoh were also executed at the fort. The killings took place in the Man Madir palace. RANA JAT DYNASTY The Jats of Gohad occupied the fort on three occasions between 1740 and 1783. (Maharaja Bhim Singh Rana 1740 - 1756; Maharaja Chhatra Singh Rana 1761 - 1767; and Maharaja Chhatra Singh Rana 1780 - 1783). MARATHA RULE In 1779, the Scindia clan of the Maratha Empire stationed a garrison at the fort however, it was taken by the East India Company. In 1784, the Marathas under Mahadji Sinde, recovered the fort. There were frequent changes in the control of the fort between the Scindias and the British between 1808 and 1844. In January 1844, after the battle of Maharajpur, the fort was occupied by the Marathas as protectorate of the British government. REBELLION OF 1857 On 1 June 1858, Rani Lakshmi Bai led a rebellion. The Central India Field Force, under General Hugh Rose, besieged the fort. Bai died on 17 June 1858. STRUCTURES The fort and its premises are well maintained and house many historic monuments including palaces, temples and water tanks. There are eleven temples to Gautama Buddha and the tirthankaras of Jainism. There are also a number of palaces (mahal) including the Man mandir, the Gujari, the Jahangir, the Karan, and the Shah Jahan. The fort covers an area of 3 square kilometres and rises 11 m. Its rampart is built around the edge of the hill, connected by six bastions or towers. The profile of the fort has an irregular appearance due to the undulating ground beneath. On the southern side are 21 temples cut into the rock with intricately carved tirthankaras. One, Pārśva, the 23rd local saint, is 12 m high. There are two gates; one on the northeast side with a long access ramp and the other on the southwest. The main entrance is the ornate Elephant gate (Hathi Pul). The other is the Badalgarh Gate. The Man Mandir palace or citadel is located at the northeast end of the fort. It was built in the 1400s and refurbished in 1648. The water tanks or reservoirs of the fort could provide water to a 15,000 strong garrison, the number required to secure the fort. MAN MANDIR PALACE The Man mandir palace was built by the King of Tomar Dynasty - Maharaja Man Singh.It is a big palace with wonderful architecture,and beautiful art work done on its front as well as some interior walls. HATHI POL The Hathi Pol gate (or Hathiya Paur), located on the southeast, leads to the Man mandir palace. It is the last of a series of seven gates. It is named for a life-sized statue of an elephant (hathi) that once adorned the gate. The gate was built in stone with cylindrical towers crowned with cupola domes. Carved parapets link the domes. GUJARI MAHAL MUSEUM Gujari Mahal was built by Raja Man Singh for his wife Mrignayani, a Gujar princess. She demanded a separate palace for herself with a regular water supply through an aqueduct from the nearby Rai River. The palace has been converted into an archaeological museum. Rare artefacts at the museum include Hindu and Jain sculptures dated to the 1st and 2nd centuries BC; miniature statue of Salabhanjika; Terracotta items and replicas of frescoes seen in the Bagh Caves. TELI KA MANDIR The Teli-ka mandir (the oilman’s temple or oil pressers' temple) is a Brahmanical sanctuary built in the 8th (or perhaps the 11th century) and was refurbished between 1881 and 1883. It is the oldest part of the fort and has a blend of south and north Indian architectural styles. Within the rectangular structure is a shrine with no pillared pavilions (mandapa) and a Buddhist barrel-vaulted roof on a Hindu mandir. Buddhist architectural elements are found in the Chitya type hall and torana decorations at the entrance. There is a masonry tower in the nagari architectural style with a barrel vaulted roof 25 metres in height. The niches in the outer walls once housed statues but now have gavakshas (horse shoe arch) ventilator openings in the north Indian style. The gavaksha has been compared to the trefoil, a honeycomb design with a series of receding pointed arches within an arch. The entrance door has a torana or archway with sculpted images of river goddesses, romantic couples, foliation decoration and a Garuda. Diamond and lotus designs are seen on the horizontal band at the top of the arch indicating an influence from the Buddhist period. The vertical bands on either side of the door are decorated in a simple fashion with figures that are now badly damaged. Above the door are a small grouping of discs representing the finial (damalaka) of an Indo-Aryan Shikhara. The temple was originally dedicated to Vishnu, but later converted to the worship of Siva. GARUDA MONUMENT Close to the Teli ka Mandir temple is the Garuda monument, dedicated to Vishnu, is the highest in the fort. It has a mixture of Muslim and Indian architecture. The word Teli comes from the Hindu word Taali a bell used in worship. SAAS-BAHU TEMPLE In 1093, the Pal Kachawaha rulers built two temples to Vishnu. The temples are pyramidal in shape, built of red sandstone with several stories of beams and pillars but no arches. KAM MAHAL The Karn mahal is another significant monument at Gwalior Fort. The Karn mahal was built by the second king of the Tomar dynasty, Kirti Singh. He was also known as Karn Singh, hence the name of the palace. VIKRAM MAHAL The Vikram mahal (also known as the Vikram mandir, as it once hosted a temple of Shiva) was built by Vikramaditya Singh, the elder son of Maharaja Mansingh.He was a devotee of Shiva. The temple was destroyed during Mughal period but now has been re-established in the front open space of the Vikram mahal. CHHATRI OF BHIM SINGH RANA This chhatri (cupola or domed shaped pavilion) was built as a memorial to Bhim Singh Rana (1707-1756), a ruler of Gohad state. It was built by his successor, Chhatra Singh. Bhim Singh occupied Gwalior fort in 1740 when the Mughal Satrap, Ali Khan, surrendered. In 1754, Bhim Singh built a bhimtal (a lake) as a monument at the fort. Chhatra Singh built the memorial chhatri near the bhimtal. Every year, the Jat Samaj Kalyan council (parishad) of Gwalior organises a fair on Rama Navami, in honor of Bhim Singh Rana. OTHER MONUMENTS There are several other monuments built inside the fort area. These include: the Scindia School (an exclusive school for the sons of Indian princes and nobles)that was founded by Madho Rao Scindia in 1897; and the Gurdwara Data Bandi, a memorial to the sixth Sikh, Guru Hargobind. WIKIPEDIA