ZenAlpha makes very cool 3D Perler scenes. Zen says, "I build all the objects and characters with Perler beads, but to save many, many hours I have a high quality print made for the backgrounds. It cost's a little bit more but I think the results are much better. I build little stands of varying heights for any objects or characters I want elevated off the background. The Chrono Trigger one looks really nice in person since the two trees on either side are in the foreground against the glass with Crono and the party inset. Gives it a cool 'looking in' kind of effect." Here is the "wall of fame!" via
What is coronavirus? Why can’t I go outside and play with my friends? What should I do? This informative picture book explains the current virus situation in simple terms and urges children to help…
I really, really like this show. It might be my current favourite, actually. And Star Butterfly is just such an amazing character. So I did this! It's h... {Perler} It's Gonna Get a Little Weird...
I really, really like this show. It might be my current favourite, actually. And Star Butterfly is just such an amazing character. So I did this! It's h... {Perler} It's Gonna Get a Little Weird...
Shop partytoyz's closet or find the perfect look from millions of stylists. Fast shipping and buyer protection. Measures: H 12.5" x W 10.5" Has strings to tighten and loosen bag. Comes in a plastic cover to preserve its newness and licensed tags as proof of authenticity. Can be used as a purse, diaper bag, lunch bag, DS holder, an overnight toddler bag or a centerpiece for a party. • SKU - CB2033 • UPC - 813274015881 • Condition - New • Weight - 0.5lb • Dimension - 5" x 8" x 6" • Material - Various
Looking out on Mirror Lake along one of the many paths to Bellingrath Gardens. Deep South Specialties Mirro-Krome by H.S. Crocker DS-245 CAPA-004565 Mailed from pass Christian, Mississippi to Mr. & Mrs. Earle Aben of Burlington, Wisconsin on February 28, 1961: Hi! Thanks for taking the time. The floods are North of us, but subsided. Here it is just sunny & warm * golf & bowling & Sheepshead. are going strong. That plus eating - Oh Boy! Sounds as if Earle wants hickory cake or something. Hold it, we'll be back. Love to all - L & H
About this item 1560-watt electric heating element to heat 280 square-inch total cooking area Porcelain-enameled cast-iron cooking grates and cast aluminum lid and body .Dimensions (Inches) Lid Open : ( H x W x D) - 26 x 31.5 x 25.1(Inches); :Dimensions - Lid Closed (inches) 14.5 H x 31.5 W x 19.5 D Fully assembled out of box, Infinite control burner valve settings. Fuel type-Electric. Power-1,560 W/120 V 6-foot grounded cord. The appliance should be supplied through a residual current device (RCD) having a rated residual operating current not exceeding 30 mA 3D interactive assembly instructions for this product are available through the free BILT app. See more product details
CP : lecture / graphisme : Tableau de syllabes #biere #graphisme #bieregraphisme a e i o u b ba be bi bo bu c ca ce ci co cu d da de di do du f fa fe fi fo fu g ga ge gi go gu h ha he hi ho hu j ja je ji jo ju k ka ke ki ko ku l la le li lo lu m ma me mi mo mu n na ne ni no nu p pa pe pi po pu q qa qe qi qo qu r ra...
Please note: this is a crochet pattern, not a physical product! This is the crochet pattern for the Lucky Tote bag. It is a cute and colorful bag that will fit all your essentials. It is made using scrap yarn, but can, off course, also be made with new yarn. You can crochet this bag using two strands of any type of DK weight yarn at the same time on a 5mm/US H-8 hook, or (as shown in the sample bags) on a 6mm/US J-10 hook using three strands of DK weight yarn. You will also need four stitch ma
While I was at the dentist's I got a call from the Field Gallery which I was unable to answer. Turned out the woman who is head of the committee overseeing a big art project in NYC was at the Field Gallery and liked some of my outdoor pieces. She thought I should apply. Swordfish Harpooner/Town of Chilmark’s Tricentennial Celebration Permanent Installation, Ferro Cement 18’ x 14’ x 6’, 1994, Menemsha, Martha’s Vineyard (MA), project budget: $10,000 Artist’s labor donated. Photo Credit: from the book “Best of America Sculpture Artists” Photo by Susan Safford of the Martha’s Vineyard Times Swinging Jenny Cast Bronze, 21” x 6” x 16” h, 1995 For sale at the Granary Gallery, Martha’s Vineyard, West Tisbury, MA $3,600 This edition is signed and numbered with over 80 sold. Reading Dog; for Jay’s Wild Island Sculpture Garden (Part of a series of 7 Dogs engaged in various activities); Mixed Media (Steel, recycled foam, sculptural cement) 19” x 26” x 63”, 2011; Located in the Wild Island Sculpture Garden. Breaching Whale Weather Vane Higashihara Park Kamakana Playground Renovation Copper and Stainless Steel, 3’ x 3’ x 6’ ; May 2009 Harold H Higashihara Park, Kuakini Hwy, Kailua Kona, Hawaii The cost of materials was under $1000 all labor was donated Jump Rope Girl Painted Steel, 62” x 34” x 20” 1991 Field Gallery, Martha’s Vineyard, West Tisbury, Massachusetts Swinging Jenny (model for cast bronze commission for private residence in Beverly Hills, California) Sculptural Cement over Steel armature, 94” x 26” x 77”h Presently in the Wild Island Sculpture Garden, Chilmark, MA, cast bronze version will be on the grounds of a private residence in Beverly Hills, California. Speedo Painted Steel 20” x 80” x 60” h 1998 Wild Island Sculpture Garden, Martha’s Vineyard, Chilmark, Massachusetts The Dance Cast Bronze 16” x 11” x 9” h 2001 For sale at the Granary Gallery, Martha’s Vineyard, West Tisbury, MA $3,600 This edition is signed and numbered with over 70 sold. The Dance (life size version) Commission for a Private Residence in Chilmark, Massachusetts This is the model for a cast bronze finished piece. It is constructed out of steel, aluminum, foam, sculptural cements and whatever else is needed. Presently under construction. Project to be completed by fall of 2014. Jay Lagemann’s studio, Chilmark, Massachusetts Swinging Jenny Painted Steel, 92” x 25” x 73”h Field Gallery, Martha’s Vineyard, West Tisbury, Massachusetts ___________________________________________________ I also had to submit an Artist Statement. Jay Lagemann Artist Statement As a summer kid in Menemsha on Martha's Vineyard I had grown up greeting the swordfishermen when they returned with their catch and unloaded the huge fish onto the dock. I idolized them. In 1994, when Chilmark celebrated its tricentennial, I had a vision of my sculpture of the Swordfish Harpooner floating above the dunes. It felt like a perfect fit with the fishing village of Menemsha. The Tricentennial Committee approved my proposal and commissioned building the sculpture. Two years later the town voted to keep the sculpture there forever. Over the last 18 years it has become an icon and the symbol of Menemsha. In 2009 I was went to Hawaii to recover both mentally and physically from prostate cancer surgery. After two months of camping on the beach, swimming with the wild dolphins, and mountain biking on the volcanoes, I was given the chance to make a copper weather vane to complete the renovation of a children’s park south of Kona. The local artists would not do it because there was no pay. My studio was 6,000 miles away, I hadn't worked in copper in 30 years, and the opening was in three weeks. The whole idea was absurd. But that night as I lay out under the stars I thought of how during my time in Hawaii I had become physically strong and mentally at peace with my mortality and ready to create new work. Fate had given me a chance to give back to the people of Hawaii and create a public sculpture. I postponed my flight home and three weeks later, with the help from many members of the Kona Rotary club, the weather vane was installed the day before the reopening of the park. The names of my grandchildren are inscribed on the inside. During the recession of 1991 a decrepit old colonial house was foreclosed on. I visualized my wife's screen printing business on the inside and my sculptures on the outside where people could see them and fall in love with them. We bought the building. I designed the renovations and was the de-facto general contractor. My vision became a reality. I was born and raised in New York City and was badly burned as a two year old. So when I looked at the Call to Artists my first thoughts were of the children and their parents coming to the hospital and what a stressful experience that can be. I thought of my "Swinging Jenny" sculpture with the child flying through the air, scared but secure in their parent's grip, the joy of the two of them connected as the world spins around them in a blur. In my mind's eye I saw a very large "Swinging Jenny" across from the entrance to Hassenfeld Pediatric Center. The sculpture would be an image of joy and connection between parent and child to greet visitors and staff and be their last image when they leave the hospital. The "Swinging Jenny" is one of my best images. In the 21 years since I first created it, I have made over 100 small and large: in steel, bronze, and multimedia (sculptural cement over steel and fiberglass over steel). They are all over the world. It is an image that is universal and stays fresh. Cast in bronze or aluminum it would become an iconic symbol of the Hassenfeld Pediatric Center. _____________________________________________________________ The final submission was a Professional resume/CV (limit two pages) Jay Lagemann EDUCATION Ethical Culture Fieldston School, Bronx, NY 1962 Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 1966 Magna cum Laude and Phi Beta Kappa BA in Mathematics Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 1971 PhD in Mathematics Thesis: “Embedding Countable Lattices in the Reducibility Ordering of the Partial Degrees” WORKSHOPS Johnson Atelier, Mercerville, NJ: Ceramic Shell casting 1996 Johnson Atelier, Mercerville, NJ: Sculpting the Human Figure 2000 recognition Best of America, Sculpture Artists, villi, 2009 Juried Selection 2009 Martha’s Vineyard: A Photographic Essay by Charles Field 2011 Selected exhibitions Field Gallery, West Tisbury, MA, One-Person Multimedia outdoor sculpture exhibition 1993 Hale’iwa Arts Festival, Hale’iwa, HI, Juried Selection, Carved Wood 1998 Chilmark Library ,Chilmark, MA. One-Person Show, outdoor sculpture, bronze, structural cement, 1998 Steel, Martha’s Vineyard Family Planning Art Show, Juried Pieces in bronze, clay, sculptural cement, wood 1990-2011 West Tisbury, MA. Beauty and the Best, Juried Selection for the Martha’s Vineyard Garden Club, bronze, structural cement. 2003, 2007, 2012 West Tisbury, MA. Artists at Long Point: Evolution, Juried Selection for the Trustees of Reservations, two bronze , one steel, 2004 one structural cement. West Tisbury, MA. One Person Show, exhibition at “The Gallery”, Vineyard Haven, MA. Bronze, ceramics, wood. 2004 Central Square Theatre Exhibition, Invitational Exhibition, future home of Nora Theatre Company, Boston, 2004 MA. Bronze “The Dance”. Gallery Representation Granary Gallery, West Tisbury, MA 1997-present The Gallery, Vineyard Haven, MA 2003-2005 Field Gallery, West Tisbury, MA 2005-present North Water Gallery, Edgartown, MA 2008-present Featherstone Center for the Arts, Oak Bluffs, MA 2007-present selected Public Art Installations Swordfish Harpooner 1994 Ferro cement, H 18’ x W 14’ x D 6’, in recognition of the Town of Chilmark’s Tricentennial Celebration Red Cat Restaurant, outdoor sculpture installations. North Tisbury, MA 1995-1998 Jitterbug Dancers 1998 Painted stainless steel, H 62in x W 86in x D 74in, Hamilton Elementary School, North Kingston, RI Breaching Whale Weathervane 2009 Copper and stainless steel, H 6’ x W 3’ x 3’D, Harold H. Higashihara Park, Keauhou, Kona, HI, Commissioned for the Rotary Club of Kona Renovation of the Park Bittersweet Restaurant Outdoor Sculpture Garden 2005-2007 Bronze pieces on brick pedestals, large steel sculptures including “Swinging Jenny” and “Jitterbug Dancers”. North Tisbury, Massachusetts. Wild Island Sculpture Garden, Chilmark, MA 1978-present Press “RoadSide Art and Food”, by Gerald Kelly, Martha’s Vineyard Times 1995 “The Season for Swordfish”, Eniko DeLisle, Martha’s Vineyard Magazine 1996 “Vampire Danser” by Jay Lagemann, front page photograph, Martha’s Vineyard Times 1997 “The Gallery is New Venture for Artistic Couple”, Martha’s Vineyard Times 2003 “Jay Lagemann Propagates Sculpture”, Vineyard Gazette, by Sam Teller 2005 “Arts”, by Brooks Robards, Cape Cod Life 2006 “Three-dimensional Influences”, by CK Wolfson, Arts Section, Martha’s Vineyard Times 2009
ALPHABET NAVAJO WORD LITERAL TRANSLATION A WOL-LA-CHEE ANT A BE-LA-SANA APPLE A TSE-NILL AXE B NA-HASH-CHID BADGER B SHUSH BEAR B TOISH-JEH BARREL C MOASI CAT C TLA-GIN COAL C BA-GOSHI COW D BE DEER D CHINDI DEVIL D LHA-CHA-EH DOG E AH-JAH EAR E DZEH ELK E AH-NAH EYE F CHUO FIR F TSA-E-DONIN-EE FLY F MA-E FOX G AH-TAD GIRL G KLIZZIE GOAT G JEHA GUM H TSE-GAH HAIR H CHA HAT H LIN HORSE I TKIN ICE I YEH-HES ITCH I A-CHI INTESTINE J TKELE-CHO-G JACKASS J AH-YA-TSINNE JAW J YIL-DOI JERK K JAD-HO-LONI KETTLE K BA-AH-NE-DI-TININ KEY K KLIZZIE-YAZZIE KID L DIBEH-YAZZIE LAMB L AH-JAD LEG L NASH-DOIE-TSO LION M TSIN-TLITI MATCH M BE-TAS-TNI MIRROR M NA-AS-TSO-SI MOUSE N TSAH NEEDLE N A-CHIN NOSE O A-KHA OIL O TLO-CHIN ONION O NE-AHS-JAH OWL P CLA-GI-AIH PANT P BI-SO-DIH PIG P NE-ZHONI PRETTY Q CA-YEILTH QUIVER R GAH RABBIT R DAH-NES-TSA RAM R AH-LOSZ RICE S DIBEH SHEEP S KLESH SNAKE T D-AH TEA T A-WOH TOOTH T THAN-ZIE TURKEY U SHI-DA UNCLE U NO-DA-IH UTE V A-KEH-DI-GLINI VICTOR W GLOE-IH WEASEL X AL-NA-AS-DZOH CROSS Y TSAH-AS-ZIH YUCCA Z BESH-DO-TLIZ ZINC
SAFE 9/28/18 Placed with New Hope! TO BE KILLED 9/28/19 Go out of this world for Neptune! He came in with his siblings Mars, Earth and Jupiter, all...
l.traube: Angeli Graece vocantur, Hebraice malachoth, Latine vero nuntii interpretantur, ab eo quod Domini voluntatem populis nuntiant. Angelorum autem vocabulum officii nomen est, non naturae. Semper enim spiritus sunt, sed cum mittuntur, vocantur angeli. Quibus ideo pictorum licentia pinnas faciunt, ut celerem eorum in cuncta discursum significent, sicut et iuxta fabulas poetarum venti pinnas habere dicuntur, propter velocitatem scilicet. (Isidorus Hispalensis, Etymologiae, V, 1:3) Read something more about Angels RULES - post your photo of a Romanesque sculpture containing angels and number it - max 2 photos, medium size - dont worry if your photo is not in the group, i will invite it after you've posted in the contest - the posting time will end on the 10th of february, h. 8.00 PM (GMT+1), then the votation will start - the first photo will be posted in Romanesque Masterpieces topic - please do not comment the photos before the contest is closed Votation rules (from 10th of february, h. 8.00 PM GMT +1): - you can vote up to 5 photoes (5 points to the 1st, 4 points to the 2nd, 3 points to the 3rd, 2 points to the 4th, 1 point to the 5th). You can choose to vote for less than 5 photoes, but not for more. - you cannot vote for your photo/s - votation will be closed on 17th of february, h. 8.00 PM GMT +1 REGOLAMENTO - Inserisci una fotografia di una scultura romanica che contiene angeli - Puoi inserire una o due foto, in formato medio - Non ti preoccupare se la fotografia non è nel gruppo, la inviterò appena verrà inserita nel concorso - L'inserimento delle fotografie si chiuderà il giorno 10 febbraio alle ore 20, dopodiché inizierà la votazione - La fotografia prima classificata verrà inserita nel topic Romanesque Masterpieces - Per favore evitate di inserire commenti riguardanti le foto prima della chiusura del contest Regole di voto (dal giorno 10 febbraio, ore 20): - Puoi votare fino ad un massimo di cinque foto (5 punti alla prima, 4 alla seconda, 3 alla terza, 2 alla quarta, 1 alla quinta). Puoi scegliere di votarne di meno, ma non di più - Non puoi votare per le tue foto - Le votazioni si chiudono il17 febbraio alle ore 20 RÈGLEMENT - Postez vos photos d’une sculpture selon le thème choisi et numérotez-les à la suite des précédentes. - Au maximum 2 photos, de taille moyenne. - Ne vous en faites pas si votre photo n’est pas déjà dans le groupe Romanesque sculpture, je vous y inviterai dès que vous l’aurez postée. - La date limite pour poster vos photos est le 10e février, à 20 h. Le vote pourra alors démarrer. - La photo primée sera exposée dans la galerie Romanesque Masterpieces - Merci de ne pas commenter les photos avant la fin du concours. Vote - Vous pouvez voter au plus pour 5 photos (5 points pour la première, 4 points pour la seconde, 3 points pour la troisième, 2 points pour la quatrième, 1 point pour la cinquième). Mais vous pouvez tout aussi bien ne voter que pour une seule photo ! - Vous ne pouvez pas voter pour la ou les photos que vous présentez au concours. - Le vote sera clos le 17e février, à 20 h. (thanks to Jaufré Rudel) REGLAS - Añada la foto según el tema escogido - Máximo 2 fotos de tamaño medio - No se preocupe si su foto no está en el grupo, le invitaré después de que usted la haya fijado en la competición - El tiempo para presentar fotos finalizarà el 10 de febrero, las 8.00 h. de la tarde (GMT+1), entonces empezarán las votaciones - La foto ganadora será fijada aparecerá en el hilo de Romanesque Masterpieces - Por favor no comente las fotos hasta que la competición haya terminado Reglas de la votacion (a partir del 10 de febrero, 8.00 h. de la tarde GMT +1): - Usted puede votar hasta 5 fotos (5 puntos a la primera, 4 puntos a la segunda, 3 puntos a la tercera, 2 puntos a la cuarta, 1 punto a la quinta). Usted puede votar a favor de menos de cinco fotos, pero nunca más de cinco. - Usted no puede votar a favor de su foto/s - La votación se cerrará el 17 de febrero, a las 8.00 h. de la tarde GMT +1 (thanks to alvarofonta, anabelnikolai, canduela, caracolquiscol, J.C. Cuesta and vcastelo) l.traube
Shop jjcmom's closet or find the perfect look from millions of stylists. Fast shipping and buyer protection. In 1863, John A. Frye opened the doors to the very first Frye shop on Elm Street in Marlboro, MA, paving the way for countless generations of Frye artisans dedicated entirely to the art of craftsmanship. In the years that followed, Frye would come to be well known and loved for its boots, shoes, and leather accessories. Over 150 years later, Frye is still striving to create the best product possible, updating brand elements and growing along with its customers. leather Antique brass hardware Snap closure Interior: 2 slip pockets, zip pocket, and key hook Single strap/single handle Approx. 13.18" L x 4.13" W x 13.88" H bag; 6.29" handle drop Preowned normal wear possible stray marks surface scuffs/scratches please see all photos as they serve as description size is always approximate please note color may appear lighter or darker on screen color is a muted peachy tan I’m my opinion Please any questions prior to purchase as I will ship same/next business day thanks for stopping by Blessings Hanna 🌅
Sizes of composition - 73''x 63'' Sizes of separate elements (W x H): ● blue house: 22 x 20 cm (8.7" x 7.9") ● taxi: 14 x 8 cm (5.5" x 3.1") ● tree: 10 x 13 cm (3.9" x 5.1") ● road width: 5 cm (2.0") ● total length of the road: 4.5 m (177.2") ____________________________________________________________________________________ ☆ ABOUT BOYS ROOM DECAL ☆ Boy's room wall decal Cars will help your child to play directly on the walls! Parts of highway road is pasted separately on the wall that makes the process easy and affordable with your child. Thus you can arrange cars in any order and distance from each other as you want to do. So you can create any form of track. We guarantee that nursery wall decor is easy and fun! NOTE! The second, third, fourth and fifth photo are in the interiors of the clients. You can see: Boys Room Decals Road and Cars are awesome both scaf and wall! Vinyl Boys Room Decal matchs for surfaces: ● wallpaper ● paint ● tile ● furniture ● windows ● electronics ____________________________________________________________________________________ ☆ WHAT YOU GET☆ Design comes in cardboard shipping tube and will include following: ✔ Set of Nursery Decal ✔ Trial decal ✔ Detailed application instruction ____________________________________________________________________________________ All parts of cars and road wall decal will come in separate pieces, so cars and parts of road can be arranged the way you like to create your own picture of future track. This design is an original artwork. ____________________________________________________________________________________ See more beautiful decals in my Etsy-shop: https://www.etsy.com/your/shops/DesignStickersStore ♥♥♥ With love, DS! ♥♥♥
Description No. 6313,04I. Patent'ed Aug. I, |899. W. FUGLESDNG. POWER HAMMER. (Application led Hay 19, 1B99.\ 2 sheets-sheet l. No Windel.) WWF, Z j Patented Aug. I, |899.- may 19, wee 2 Sheets Sheet 2. w.. FueLEsoNe. PWER HAMMER. (Application led No. 63U ,D4|. (No Model.) 'En wif" INIIIII- a G E @e .WM/, UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.v TASHINGTON FOGLESONG, OF DAYTON, OHIO. POWER-HAMM ER. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 630,041, dated August 1, 1899. Application filed May l 9, 1 S9 9. To @U 10700112, it 11m/y coll/cern: Be it known that I, IASHINGTON FOGLE- SONG, a citizen of the United States, residing at Dayton, in the county of Montgomery and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power- Hammers; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. My invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which illustrate one form in which I have contemplated embodying my invention, and said invention is fully disclosed in the following description and claims. Referring to the said drawings, Figure 1 represents a perspective view of a power-hammer embodying my invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged View of the upper portion of the same, partly in section. Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on a line through the crank-shaft. Fig. e is a detail of part of the mechanism. In the drawings, A represents the main frame or base of the hammer, provided at its forward end with the anvil B. t C represents the column, bolted to the base A, extending vertically therefrom and provided with the perforated ears c c. D represents the oscillating head, which is provided with a horizontal pivot-shaft d, engaging pivotally the ears c c of the column. This head is provided on its forward side with the upper and lower horizontal jaws (1622. The lower jaw is provided with a pair of recesses d'3, in each of whichis located an adjustable block di, having a circular stud or projection d5 on its upper face. A set-screw d6 extends through the bottom of each recess d3, engages the block d4, and is provided With a jam-nut d?, so that the blocks d4 d4 can be adjusted vertically by means of said screws d d6. E represents the helve of the hammer, pivyoted on the shaft CZ, within and independently of the oscillating head D, said helve carrying on its outer end the hammer F in position to strike a blow upon the anvil B. The helve E is provided with a thickened `Serial No. 717,494. (No model.) portion c, in line with the jaws d' d2, provided on its upper and lower sides with circular studs e e e2 e2, in line with the studs d5 ci, heretofore referred to. F F represent a pair of heavy coiled springs which have their lower ends in engagement with the studs d5 d5 of the lower jaw and their upper ends in engagement with the studs c c on the lower side of the helve. The upper jaw d of the oscillating head D is provided with a pair of vertical apertures d8, extending entirely through the jaw and closed at their upper ends by flanged plates dg, extending into said apertures and having their iianges secured to the jaw by screws (or bolts) d10 d10. Each of the apertures d8 is pro vided with a block du below the plate d9,which block has a circular stud d on its lower side. A set-screw (Z13 extends centrally through each of the plates d9 to engage and adjust the block d and is provided with a jam-A nut C114. F F are springs similar to springs F F, the lower ends of which engage the studs e2 e2 on the helve, while their upper ends engage the studs CP2 d12 on the blocks du du. The springs F F are placed in operative position, first, in assembling the parts of the hammer, after which the plates d di are removed and the springs F F' are inserted through the apertures ds ds. The blocks d d are then placed on the upper ends of the springs and the plates C29 (Z9 are screwed into position and the proper tension of the springs is obtained by screwing up the screws d Z13 and d6 d6. After all the springs are in position it is obvious that by means of the adj usting screws and adjustable blocks described and shown the tension of the springs can be readily and quickly adjusted, thereby varying the blow of the hammer as required for different classes of work. The oscillating head D is provided at its rear side with an arm D, which is connected by a pitman G with a crank-shaft H, mounted in bearings in the base A, the upper end of the pitman being adjustable longitudinally of the arm D' in a well-known way to vary the stroke of the hammer. The crankshaft is in this instance provided with a c0ne pulley h, mounted on a spline or feather and adapted to be brought into frictional contact ICO with a cone-shaped recess in a band-pulley I, loosely mounted on the shaft H. The conepulley h is thrown into gear by a lever K, pivoted to the base A, and connected with a footlever L, extending around the front of the base and pivoted thereto. A spring M, secured to said foot-lever and to the base A, serves to throw the cone-pulley out of gear when the foot of the operatoris removed from the foot-lever. I make no claim to the specific mechanism for driving the crank-shaft and imparting movement to the oscillating head. What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- 1. In a power-hammer, the combination with the pivotally-mounted hammer-helve provided with studs on its upper and lower faces, of an independently-'pivoted oscillat ing head having a jaw above and a jaw below saidl helve, the upper jaw being provided with recesses in line with the studs on the upper face of said helve, adjustable blocks in said recesses provided with studs, spiral springs having their ends encircling the studs of said blocks, and the helve, and adjustingscrews in said upper jaw engaging said blocks, said lower jaw being provided with recesses in line with the studs on the lower face of said helve, adjustable blocks in said recesses provided with studs, spiral springs having their ends encircling the studs of the helve and of said blocks, and independent adjusting-screws in said lower jaw engaging the blocks carried therein, whereby the springs above and below said helve can be independently adjusted, substantially as described. v2. yIn a hammer, the combination with the pivoted helve, of an independently-pivoted, oscillating head, having a jaw above and a jaw below said helve, one of said jaws being provided with apertures extending entirely through the same, detachable plates closing said apertures, adjustable blocks in said apertures, set-screws extending through said plates and engaging said blocks, springs interposed between said blocks and the helve, the other of said jaws being provided with recesses, adjustable blocks in said recesses, adjusting screws engaging said blocks and springs interposed between said blocks and said helve, whereby the springs on one side of said helve may be introduced through the said apertures in one of the jaws in assembling the parts of the hammer, and whereby the springs above and below said helve can be independently adjusted, substantially as described. 3. In a power-hammer, the combination with the pivotally-mounted oscillating head provided with an upper jaw having vertical apertures extending entirely therethrough and a lower jaw provided with recesses in line with said apertures, adjustable blocks located in said apertures in the upper jaw and provided with studs, closing-plates for the upper ends of said apertures detachably secured to the upper jaw, set-screws extending through said plates and engaging said blocks, adjustable blocks located in the recesses of said lower jaw, provided with studs, set-screws passing through said lower jaw and engaging said blocks, of a hammer-helve pivoted independently of said oscillating head, extending between said jaws and provided with studs on its upper and lower faces, and springs interposed between said helve and said adjustable blocks of said upper and lower jaws and having their ends encircling said studs, whereby the upper springs may be introduced through the apertures in the upper jaw in assembling the parts of the hammer, and whereby the upper and lower springs can be independently adjusted, substantially as described. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses. VASHINGTON FOGLESONG. "Witnesses: L. P. WHITAKER, J. D. KINGSBERY.
Description No. 661,566. Patented nov. I3, |906.'v ` W. WALTER. COFFEE RASTER. (Agpumm ma Apr. 14, 1699.) (No Nudel.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l. w//vE-ssfs /NVE/vro V Br . ATTORNEY YNE- mums PETERS cn.. Pnorouwa, wAsHmGon. o, cy W/ TNE SSE S 6.4;@ www Patented uw. sa, |900. W. WALTER. l cori-EE oAsTEm (,Appumion maa p1-14, um.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. /N VEA/Tof? V A TTURN E Y UITED STATES PATENT Ormes.. --WILLIAM WALTER, OF NEW YORK, N. Y. COFFEEROASTER. SPECIFICATION forming` part of Letters Patent No. 661,568, dated November 13, 1900. Application filed April 14, 1899. Serial No. 712,963. (No model-l "0 all whom t may concern: Be it known that I, WILLIAM WALTER, a l citizen of Switzerland, and a resident of New York, (Rosebank,)'in the county of Richmond and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Apparatus for Roasting Coffee, Cocoa, and other Materials, of which the following is a specication. The invention relates to improvements in roasters for cocoa-beans, coffee, and other substances; and it consists in thenovel features and combinations of parts hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in the claims. M l present my invention in this application as embodied :in a roaster comprising an eXterior casing, a revoluble roasting-cylinder applied within said casing, means for effecting the roasting of the coffee by the use of gas, means for withdrawing the air, gases, and like substances from the roasting-cylinder during the operation of the latter, means for revolving the roasting-cylinder, and means for effecting the discharge of the coffee or other material from the roasting-cylinder. One object of the invention is to provide a roasting-cylinder of novel form wherein during the operation of the roaster the co-V coa-beans, coffee, or other substances under treatment will not become broken and to effect as far as may be a vacuum within the revoluble roasting-cylinder in order thereby to effect an improvement in the roasted product and to economize time in carrying on the roasting operation. A further object of my invention pertains to providing efficient and convenient means for carrying out the general purposes of the ble roastingcylinder, and B the eXteriorcasing within which said cylinder is mounted. The casing B will be formed of metal and of double thickness, so that its walls may contain an interposed layer of asbestos C or other non-conducting material. The casing B will be provided with a suitable outletflue D, and in its metal bottom the casingB will be formed with the outlet-opening E, surrounded by the downwardly-curved annular liange F, which will direct the coee or other substance 4discharged from the cylinder A into a portable box or other receptacle G, passed below the casing B. The casing B will be mounted upon suitable frames or legs H, so as to admit of the passage below the opening E of the said box or receptacle G. The on ter walls of the ends of the casing B will preferably be formed of cast metal and have the tubular bearing-hubs lettered I J, respectively, to receive the tubular hubs lettered K L, respectively, of the cylinder A. One end of the casing B will be provided with a suitable door M, leading to the chamber below the cylinder A, in which chamber is placed the coil of pipe N for the gas, this pipe being snitably perforated below said cylinder in order to provide for the ignition and combustion of the gas and constituting the gas-burner for effecting the roasting of the cocoa, coffee, or other substance placed within the cylinder A. The cylinder A is of novel form and construction and is composed of the two ends lettered O P, respectively, and the middle or body portion Q, whose edges are secured to the annular edges of the ends O P. The ends O P will preferably be formed of cast metal i and the body portion Q of sheet metal, the latter being in one continuous piece, with its meeting edges brazed together to form a substantially smooth seamless joint. The body portion Q presents concave inner surfaces, and likewise the ends O P present concave inner surfaces, which merge into the concave surfaces of the body portion Q and form a continuation of the surfaces of the portion Q, but. are at an angle to the same, so as not to transfer the interior surface of the cylinder A into a sphere. The interiorsurfaces of the cylinder A have been given the special form illustrated in the drawings for the particular purpose of avoiding the globular outline of a IOO sphere and the plain parallel surfaces of a true cylinder, and the object of thus shaping the inner'surfaces of the cylinder A is to provide a roasting-cylinder which will effect a uniform roasting of the material without any tendency to fracture the cocoa-beans, coffee, or other substances under treatment. The ends O P of the roasting-cylinder are preferably cast with the tubular hubs K Land with the outwardly-turned annular danges R, to which .the outer flanged edges of the body portion Q are riveted, and the tubular hub L 1 will preferablybe formed with the inlet-opening S for the substance to be introduced into the cylinder A, the said opening being provided with a suitable plug or closure T. The tubular hub L will also preferably be provided with an aperture V to receive a suitable device W, adapted to fill said aperture and to be utilized for withdrawing samples of the cocoa, coffee, or other substance under treatment whenever desired. The tubular hub K is mounted within the', bearing-hub I and is in alinement with the` inwardlyeprojecting sleeve X, cast with the head 0. The sleeve X supports the perforated spherical dome a, through which the gases and li ke matters are extracted, and also the bracket b, supporting the bell-crank lever d, whose upper arm is connected with kthe valve-rod e and whose lower arm is pivotally connected with the link f, suspending in a pivotal manner at its lower end the coneshaped valve g. The valve g has its lower anged edges exterior to the cylinder A, and said flanged edges are adapted to be seated against the iiange h, applied to the exterior of the cylinder A and encompassing the discharge-openingt'for said cylinder. The valve gis shown in its closed position in Fig. l, and is simply lowered from the seat h when it is bottom of the casing B and enter the receptacle G. During the roasting Vof the coffee` or other substance the valve g is held in its closed position. (Shown in Fig. l.) The valve l gis held in its upper or closed position by means of the hand-wheel j, whose screwthreaded hub engages the thread cut upon the outer end of the valve-rod e. By turning the wheel j in one direction it will pass outi ward 'upon the valve-rod e and allow said rod r to move inward and lower the valve g, and by turningsaid hand-wheel in the opposite. direction it will draw the valve-rod e outward p and elevate the valve g to its closed position and there maintain it. The valve-rod e passes through the sleeve X and hub K and thence through the tubular sleeve lc, which at its inner end is introduced into .the hub K and is packed as a gland, as show-n in Fig. l. The through which said power is communicated to the hub K and roasting-cylinder A for revolving` the latter, the hub K turning within the bearing-hub I of the casing Band upon the sleevec. The means for applying power to the pinion-wheel m is more clearly illustrated in Fig. 2, in which it will be seen that 1 the pinion-wheel m is adapted to be engaged by the worm n on the driving-shaft 0, the latter lbeing mounted in bearings p and provided with the usual belt-wheel q. The worm fn is loose upon the shaft 0, and said shaft is provided with `an `ordinary form of clutch r to engage the worm n and effect the locking of said worm to said shaft. When the clutch r is in engagement with the worm n, the' latter will turn wit-h the'shaft 0 and comion m and roasting-cylinder A. When, however, the clutch r is free yof the wor-rn n, the shaft may continue its ,rotation without affecting the pinion-wheel m, the cylinder A at such time remaining at rest. I utilize the shaft oas a means in connection vwithan ordinaryrpump S for creating as near as may be a vacuum within the roasting-cylinder A during the rotation of the latter or after the latter has come to a rest or for drawing the coffee o-r other substance into the cylinder A through the inlet-opening S. Upon the end of the shaft o is provided the crankwheel t, which operates the usual piston-rod fw of the .pump s. The pump s is connected by the pipe a: with the sleeve 7c, and hence the pump s vthrough the pipe .at is in communication with the interior of the roasting-cylinder A and may be utilized to withdraw the air, gases, smoke, and like substances or fluids from said cylinder. By freeing the clutch r from the worm n the pump s may be put into opera-tion before the cylinder' A commences to rotate, and by the like means the pump S may be continued in operation after the cylinder A ceases to revolve. The interior surfaces of the cylinderA may, if desired, be provided with a few narrow blades A. for aiding in drawing the coffee or other substance under treatment up around the sides of the cylinder A during the rotation of the latter and to prevent the coffee 0r other material from remaining an undue length 0f time at `the lower side of said cylinder, :these blades having the effect of securing a more uniform roasting of the coffee or other substance. In the operation of the apparatus hereinbefore described the valve g will be closed and the pump s set in motion, the Vclutch 0" being free from 'the worm n, and thereupon, the plug vor closure F being withdrawn from the inlet-opening S,- the coffee or other material to be roasted will be introduced into said opening S and by the action of the pump s be drawn by suction into the cylinder A. After the substance to be treated has been introduced in the cylinder A the inlet-opening S will be closed, the gas ignited, the pump s continued in operation, and the cylinder A IOC IIO be set in motion by the engagement of the clutch r with the worin n, the result being that the cylinder A will have a uniform gradual rotation and that the coffee or other substance will be roasted, the pump s continuing to constantly withdraw the gases, smoke, and other foreign matter from the cylinder A. The operation above indicated will be continued until the coffee or othersubstance has been sufficiently roasted, and thereupon the gas will be turned olf and the cylinder A stopped in its motion either at once or after the coffee. has to some degree been cooled. When it is desired to remove the coffee or other substance from the cylinder A, the pumps will be stopped by cutting off the power from the shaft 0, and thereupon by the action of the hand-wheel j the valve g will be permitted to lower and open the outlet-opening t', through which the coffee or other substance will then descend into the receptacle G. As above explained, the form of the cylinder A, I regard as of importance, and in addition to the other features of construction hereinbefore pointed out I regard the combination of a revoluble roasting-cylinder, withont limitation as to its special form, with means for extracting the air, gases, smoke, and other foreign matter from the cylinder during-the revoluble action of the latter as of the utmost importance and as new. The action of the pumps during the revoluble motion of the cylinder A removes all deleterions matter from the cylinder A and not only expedites the roasting of coee, cocoa, or other substance, but leaves the coffee, cocoa, or other substance in a much greaterdegree of desirability as to aroma and other conditions than would be the case if the pump s or some equivalent suction apparatus were not employed. What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- l. In a roaster, the revoluble cylinder comprising the concave ends O, P, and the shallow-bellied regularly-curved body portion Q, having an outlet for the material to be roasted, said ends O, P, having the annular flanges R and hollow hubs K, L, the latter of which has the inlet with means for closing the same, and said body portion Q being secured at its ends to said anges R, combined with means connected with said hub K for exhausting the gases, smoke and foreign matter through the same, and means for rotating said cylinder; substantially as set forth. 2. In a roaster, the revoluble roasting-cylinder having the hollow hubs K, L, the latter of which has the inlet with means for closing the same, combined with means for rotating said cylinder, a suction or exhaust pump connected with said hollow hub K for extracting the gases, smoke and foreign matter from said cylinderduring the rotation of the latter, and means for operating saidpump, said cylinder except at said hub K being, when said 'i inlet is closed, substantially sealed or airtight; substantially as set forth. 3. In a roaster, the revoluble roasting-cylinder having an inlet and an outlet, and provided with a valve whose closing edges are exterior to the cylinder for closing said outlet, combined with the valve-rod extending through the hub of said cylinder, lever connections intermediate said valve-rod and said valve for controlling the same, and means lfor controlling the movement of the said rod; substantially as set forth. 4. In a roaster, the roasting-cylinder, comprising the ends O, P, and the body portion Q, said ends being formed with the hubs and annular flanges It, and said body portion being secured to said tianges, combined with the casing in which said hubs are journaled, the valve controlling the outlet from said cylinder and having its sealing -ange exterior thereto, the valve-rod extending through one of the hubs of said cylinder, the bell-crank lever connected with the inner end of said valve-rod, the link connected with said bellcrank lever 'and said valve, andthe wheel engaging the threaded end of said valve-rod 'for controlling the movement of the latter and said valve; substantially as set forth. 5. In a r'oaster, the revoluble cylinder having an inlet and an outlet for the material to be roasted, the casing within which said cylinder is mounted, and the pinion-wheel connected with the hub of said cylinder for imparting motion to the latter, combined with the power-shaft having the worm in engagement with said pinion, the clutch for connecting said worm with said shaft or disconnecting the same therefrom, the crank-wheel on the end of said shaft, the suction-pump connected with said crank-wheel, and the pipe leading to said pump and communicating with the interior of said cylinder, said cylinder except at its connection with the suction-conduit being substantially sealed or airtight; substantially as set forth. 6. In a roaster, the revoluble cylinder having an inlet and an outlet for the material to be treated, and the casing within which said cylinder is mounted and adapted to revolve, one end of said cylinder having the hollow hub K and sleeve X, combined with means engaging said hollow hub K for revolving said cylinder, the-dome a connected with said sleeve X, the valve-rod extending through said sleeve X, the valve controlling the outlet from said cylinder and connected with said valve-rod, and means for controlling said valve-rod; substantially as set forth. 7. In a roaster, the roasting-cylinder having an inlet and an outlet for the material to be treated, and the casing within which said cylinder is mounted and adapted to revolve, one end of said cylinder having the hollow hub K and sleeve X, combined with the stationary sleeve k connected with said hub K, means connected with said hub K for revolving said cylinder,the valve-rod extending IOO IIO l through said sleeve 2c, hub K, and sleeve X, i Signed lai; New York, in the county of New the valve eonlzrollingthe outlet from said eyl- York and 'State of .New York, this 11th day of inder and connected with said valve-rod, April, A. D. 1899. means for controlling said Valve-rod, and suc- WILLIAM WALTER. 5 Lion apparatus connected with said stationary Witnesses: sleeve Zo'aud communicating with the interior e CEAS. .C. GILL, of said oylinderA g substantially as set forth, l JOS. BELKNAP.
Description susufz. mppumidn md out. 4, mm2.) ma longhi wiTNEs'sEs: INVENTOR TH: sans 2155s ca. Pu'oruumo.. wAsHlNnTnN. n. c4 A I UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. IIENRY H. TAYLOR, OF BRIDGEPORT, CONNECTICUT. i BUSTLE. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 714,532, dated November 25, 190)?.` ` Application filed October 4. 1902. Serial No. 125,922. (No model.) i To a/ZZ whom, it may concern: ' ing 'of a bustle, so that the clothing of the `wearer may always fit properly over the bustle irrespective of the fact whether the latter y is smooth and even or is uneven and distorted. In the accompanying drawings,`which form a part of this application, Figure l is an elevation of a bustle equipped with my im provement, and Fig. 2 is a section at the line a: a: of Fig. 1. Similar numbers of reference denote lik parts in both ligures of the drawings. It is immaterial for the purposes of my invention what sort of a bustle is used, since the aim of my invention is solely t'o provide p i a suitable covering for a bustle. In the drawings I have illustrated an ordinary form 'of bustle composed of three sections l 2 3, which are stuffed with curled hair or other suitable material, these sections being secured at their upper ends to the usual waistband 4. My improvement consists in providing a series of iiaps 5, which are secured at their upper ends to the waistband 4, the other portions of these aps being perfectly free. These iaps are arranged so as to overlap each other when in assembled position, such as is shown at Fig. 1, and the general shape of these flaps, taken as a Whole, corresponds to the general shape of the bustle itself. These yflaps are, however, of such dimensions as to extend beyond the bustle, so as to completely conceal the same,and are made of cou til, jean, or other suitable stiff material. When the bustle is fastened around the waist of the wearer, these flaps will spread or fan out and will present a perfectly-smooth upper surface upon which the garments may be evenly and uniformlydraped. It frequently happens that the bustle itself becomes distorted or lumpy and uneven by constant wear or for other reasons; but my improvement remedies these defects and in all instances provides a smooth and regular surface over which the garments of the wearer will iit comfortably and properly. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- In a bustle, the combination with a suitable bustle-body, of a seriesof `overlapping iiaps of suitable material secured at their upper ends to the waistband of the bustle, substantiallyvas set forth. In testimony whereof I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses. I-IENRY H. TAYLOR. Witnesses: F. W. SMITH, J r., M. T. LONGDEN.
Description May 29, 19 5- E. N. KINDLAND UTILITY HAMMER Filed NOV. 13, 194 ERIGKNKINDLAND, Patented May 29, 1945 STATES Mr armor: a I Q 2,377,157 I UTILITY; HAMMER Erick-N. Klndland, Jamestown; N. 7 Application- November 13, 1941; Seitiahldo; 418;98-8 This; invention relates: to. a. hammer:. I It. is aimed. to; provide: such; a; hammer: having maximum! semiceability and: durability; which: is well; balanced. and. has. w novel striking surface cit-surfaces of. plastic: materiah to; provide great toughness and: avoid; stretching: of? the metal hammeredzthereby; Whi le=Ii mainly aim: tog pro:- vide plastic headsgzl may some instances: use heads of wood, lead, rubber, copper or other. ma:- terials: which may: be.- suitable: for the. particular work at handi Qne special field: of? use: ion the hammer isin straightening or" reshaping auto:- mobilea bodies and: fenders or: any other sheet metal: surface;. this; endv being: attained without stretching! of the metal such 8S5takS2p1EC when atmetallie hammer head; is used; The plastic surface or surfaces render the. hammer: a. non:- oonductor. of: electricity. a I a second object; is toiproyide such; a hammer having a solid or tubular" bodyprovided with' a handle and mounting plastic heads at opposite end'sa of. the: tubular body.. Another object is to provide a hammer with the said heads wedged into the ends of the tubularbody, in some forms having a core engaged by the heads, and novel interfitting means between the body and heads, and which may be interfitted with a handle shank. ' A further object is to provide the tubular body of such construction as to enable the molding of the core therein. Th more specific objects and advantages will become obvious andin part will be pointed out in the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawing illustrating operative embodiments of several examples of the practice of the invention. In said drawing: Fig. 1 is a plan view, partly broken away, of one form of hammer carrying out the invention; Fig. 2 is a view primarily in central vertical section through the hammer head; Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the anchor rod used in the hammer of Figs. 1 and 2; general utility Fig. 4 is a view primarily in central vertical section through a modified form of hammer head; Fig. 5 is a view primarily in central vertical section through a second modified form of hammer head; Fig. 6 is a detail perspective emphasizing the connection between one of the anchor studs and heads as used in the last mentioned modified form; Fig;. '7) is. a view primarily in: central vertical section through a finali modified. form: of, ham-,- mer'head, and; I Eight; is. try perspectiveiview of the body tube used insa-idi final form: of hammer head. Referring specifically; to the; drawing; and first to: the form offhgsz 1.1301-3, lzprovide'a hammer head: structure: In consisting; of.striken heads I .I, aw mounting body therefor, im the form: of a tube Iziandi az'core; t3 andan anchor rod Mt. Saidhead structure 'is carriedrby a metallic. handle shank or: nod Ifiin turn: equipped: with a: woode or otherihan'dle: I6- fastened thereon with: the. aid ofi ai'fernulev II... Such body tube I2 is metallic on plastic but preferably of; steel and: of: any; desired: configuration im crossesection, for; instance: round, as shown; The innen-or. bore; wall-of the: tube at eachiendt is accurately machined'to. provide out:- wardly fiaringr or tapered. surfaces on sockets I ll. Saidi core:- Iil at; its ends: terminates in. the same: planes: as: the: frustums of. the: sockets, I8. 'Illiis=..c.ore Id is preferably metallic, usually. of lead, and is poured in a molten state through an opening 20 into the tube l2 whose open ends are temporarily plugged. Before pouring the core I3, handle'shank I5 is driven through an opening 2| in tube l2 and its adjacent terminal 22, is driven through another opening 23 in such tube and then upset as at 24. .Lugs or burrs 25 are struck integrally from shank I5 and tightly against tube vI2. The anchor rod I4 has a flattened portion 26 to better secure it in th lead core and it is provided with an opening 27 through which shank I5 pasess. After assemblyof the tube I2, handle shank I5, anchor rod I 4, and core I3 as just described, the striker heads II are applied to the tube I2. These striker heads II are of'exceedingly hard and tough plastic material and are accurately machined so as to have end portions 28 in oversized conformity with sockets l8 and which are press-fitted or driven friction tight into the said sockets I8 and into adhesive contact with the walls thereof. Y Said striker heads II have central longitudinal recesses 29 terminating short of their striking surfaces whereby the latter are solid and unbroken, and such recesses are of slightly under sized conformity to the shape and size of the ex" tremities or studs 30 of the anchor rod I4 which may be of steel or other metal, onto which the adjacent striker heads II are. press-fitted or driven at the same time such heads are press fitted or driven into the sockets I8, so as to be in adhesive contact therewith. Said extremitiesof the anchor rod M are preferably undercut or roughened as at 3| to enhance the bond or connection. The hammer thus produced will be well balanced and is of general utility, with the added advantages attributable to the plastic heads or striking members H. Since such striker heads H are of plastic material, they particularly do not stretch or reduce the thickness of metal or other material which is struck thereby and which is a decided advantage in the straightening and reshaping of automobile bodies and fenders, Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention. For instance, I may use the modified form of Fig. 4. In this form, the anchor rod I4 is omitted and the bore of the tube, which is here shown at I2 is of the same diameter throughout. An anchor stud 32 preferably of steel, is fastened in any suitable way to one of the striker heads I l before the latter is applied to the tube and it occupies a recess 33 in the lead core l3. Such lead core has an integral stud 32' occupying a recess 33' in the other head ll. Said studs are fastened to the core and head by pins 34 of lead, steel or other metal passed through aligned openings 35 in the studs, core and tube. One or more anchor pins 36 disposed at any or various angles may be carried by the handle shank and at opposite ends extend into the core. It is to be understood that if desired, instead of using the different studs 32 and 32', both of them may be like stud 32 or stud 32 and associated parts. Another modified form is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. This form has plastic striker heads Il like those at H which are attached to anchor studs 30 of the same shape as studs 30 and in the same manner in which heads H are attached to anchor studs 30 except that the studs 3|] are shown as polygonal in cross-section, specifically hexagonal, rather than round. The studs 30, however, are separate and carried by and rigidly fastened to a solid body or core 13 of iron, steel, lead or other metal to which a handle shank I5 is suitably secured. In the remaining modified form of Figs. '1 and 8, the structure has a body tube I2 carried by a handle shank [5 The body has sockets l8 like those at 18 in which plastic striker heads II are press fitted or attached as in the first form of the invention. The core such as l3 may be omitted. At either or both sockets, pins 31 may be passed into the heads I l or if preferred, either or both sockets may have any desired number of lugs 38 struck therefrom and occupying recesses 39 in the heads. Such pin 31 or lugs 38 may similarly be employedin the forms of Figs. 1 to 3 and Fig. 4, if desired. ' I claim as my invention: 1. A hammer head comprising a tubular wall providing a relatively deep taper socket with the larger end outermost, a central stud in the socket of approximately the length of the latter surrounded by said wall, a part extending transversely through said head and stud to prevent relative turning thereof, and a plastic striker head having a tapered portion wedged in said socket provided with a recess receiving and interfitted with said stud, said striker head thereby being jointly gripped between the socket wall and stud. 2. A hammer head comprising a body member having a tubular wall providing a relatively deep socket at one end, a core in the .body member inwardly of the socket and immovable relatively thereto, a stud member stationary in the core extending into the socket and surrounded by the wall, a hard plastic striker head jointly gripped between the socket wall and stud, and handle means extending across the body, core and stud whereby the body, core and stud are immovable relatively to each other. e ERICK N. KINDLAND.
Il Macchi-Castoldi M.C.72 è un idrocorsa (idrovolante da corsa) con configurazione "a scarponi" ideato nel 1930 come l'ultima speranza dell'Italia per la terza vittoria necessaria alla conquista della prestigiosa Coppa Schneider. Storia dell’M.C.72 La preparazione della rivincita italiana cominciava nel 1930. Altissima la posta in gioco: cercare di battere gli inglesi, rimettendo così in gara il blasonato trofeo, e riportare a casa il primato mondiale di velocità, da sempre legato alla manifestazione. Questo era il compito del R.A.V. (Reparto Alta Velocità) di Desenzano del Garda, che iniziò subito la selezione dei piloti che avrebbero portato in gara il futuro bolide. Intanto a Roma si davano disposizioni per la macchina e il motore; la maggiore esperienza in campo di idrocorsa era sicuramente appannaggio della Fiat per il motore e della Macchi per la cellula e furono queste le due ditte sulle quali si concentrarono gli sforzi che avrebbero portato al motore AS.6 e all'idrocorsa M.C.72. Il nuovo aereo fu realizzato nei tempi previsti e le prove di collaudo iniziali fecero ben sperare chi su questo aereo aveva puntato tutto. Invece, ben presto si presentarono dei gravi problemi di detonazioni e ritorni di fiamma nel propulsore, e il collaudo risultò molto più lungo e laborioso del previsto. Quando poi le prove di volo costarono la vita di due piloti collaudatori, il 2 agosto al capitano Giovanni Monti in fase di decollo e successivamente al tenente Stanislao Bellini, si capì che l'M.C.72 non sarebbe mai stato pronto per il settembre del 1931. Persa ogni speranza di rimettere in gioco la Schneider, il R.A.V. ricevette l'ordine perentorio di stabilire il nuovo record di velocità il giorno stesso in cui gli inglesi si sarebbero aggiudicati il trofeo, ma naturalmente era un'impresa impossibile; se l'M.C.72 fosse stato in grado di stabilire il record per quella data, allora avrebbe potuto anche partecipare alla competizione in Inghilterra, cosa che non avvenne. Il primo record comunque arrivò: il 10 aprile 1933 alle ore 11:00 il Maresciallo Francesco Agello decollava a bordo dell'M.C.72 siglato MM.177 ed effettuava cinque giri del circuito designato sul Lago di Garda alla velocità media di 682,078 km/h; dopo l'ultimo passaggio Agello, resosi conto del successo, si lanciò verso l'idroscalo colmo di spettatori concludendo con una secca virata a coltello come segno di saluto. Successivamente fu inviata una sezione del Reparto presso Falconara Marittima per nuovi tentativi di record. Il giorno 8 ottobre, utilizzando lo stesso M.C.72 M.M. 177 ma con un motore meno spinto, il tenente colonnello Guglielmo Cassinelli, sul percorso Falconara (località Fiumesino) - porto di Pesaro e ritorno stabilì il record del mondo di velocità sui 100 km con la media di 629,39 km/h, senza prima effettuare voli di prova del percorso con l'idrocorsa. Il successivo 21 ottobre il capitano Pietro Scapinelli, sempre con lo stesso M.C.72 M.M. 177, decollando al largo di Falconara Marittima e seguendo il percorso Porto Recanati - Porto Corsini e ritorno, conquistò la prestigiosa Coppa Blériot, destinata al primo pilota che avesse volato ad almeno 600 km/h per mezz'ora, con la media di 619,37 km/h, nonostante avesse incontrato condizioni meteorologiche avverse che resero difficilissimo anche il decollo a causa del mare grosso. Il successivo ed ultimo traguardo fu fissato al superamento del muro dei 700 km/h, ed anche questo obiettivo fu raggiunto; il 23 ottobre 1934 Agello, a bordo dell'M.C.72 siglato MM.181, con una velocità media di 709,209 km/h, batté il suo stesso record; quest'ultimo primato rimane da allora imbattuto per quanto concerne la categoria idrovolanti propulsi da motore alternativo. Lo stesso M.C.72 MM.181, l'ultimo rimasto dei cinque esemplari prodotti, è gelosamente custodito nel Museo storico dell'Aeronautica Militare di Vigna di Valle, sul lago di Bracciano (Roma). A causa delle particolari necessità e della unicità delle relative soluzioni applicative, non furono realizzati sviluppi successivi, del motore FIAT AS.6 e dell’aereo. Il motore Fiat AS.6 Era chiaro a tutti che il motore dell'M.C.72 dovesse essere qualcosa di davvero eccezionale: il contratto con la Fiat esigeva un motore con una potenza di 2 300 CV, aumentabile in tempi brevi a 2 800 CV, un peso non superiore agli 840 kg ed un consumo massimo di 250 g/cv/h. Il compito era arduo, in quanto il più potente motore prodotto fino ad allora dalla fabbrica torinese, l'AS.5, già impiegato sull'idrocorsa Fiat C.29, non superava i 1 000 CV; si trattava quindi di più che raddoppiare la potenza e di adottare un riduttore e un turbocompressore, cosa che la Fiat aveva affrontato fino ad allora solo allo stadio sperimentale. La soluzione fu individuata nell'accoppiamento in tandem di due unità AS.5 conservando dello stesso motore alesaggio, corsa e numero di giri. L'idea di due motori in tandem presentava diversi vantaggi: innanzitutto un ingombro trasversale straordinariamente limitato, la possibilità di sfruttare l'esperienza già acquisita con l'AS.5, il poter sistemare il riduttore tra le due unità, che rimanevano indipendenti l'una dall'altra, e il far passare l'asse elica tra le bancate del motore anteriore. Inoltre in questo modo si disponeva di una cilindrata davvero considerevole (più di 50 litri), il che avrebbe permesso di raggiungere comodamente la potenza contrattuale senza dover sovralimentare eccessivamente il motore, mantenendo così i consumi eccezionalmente bassi, come richiesto. Nasceva così l'AS.6, una sorta di "doppio motore" con due unità indipendenti nel funzionamento (tanto che venivano avviate separatamente) ma con le eliche coassiali controrotanti. Questo propulsore, come del resto tutti quelli della serie AS, venne progettato dall'ingegnere Tranquillo Zerbi, direttore del Reparto Progetti Speciali della Fiat. L'albero a gomiti del motore anteriore non usciva anteriormente in corrispondenza dell'elica, bensì posteriormente dove, mediante ruote dentate che fungevano anche da riduttore, metteva in movimento un albero cavo rotante tra la "V" dei cilindri. Allo stesso modo, il motore posteriore muoveva, tramite ruote dentate, un secondo albero che passava all'interno del primo. I due motori erano montati nel senso avanti-indietro, col risultato di far girare gli alberi, e quindi le eliche, l'uno nel senso opposto dell'altro. Il combustibile veniva imbarcato all'interno dei galleggianti e arrivava al motore attraverso dei condotti passanti internamente ai sostegni a traliccio degli scafi. Anche i circuiti erano indipendenti e ogni unità pescava il combustibile dal proprio galleggiante/serbatoio; in questo modo si evitava che, dopo un tempo di volo prolungato, ci si trovasse con un serbatoio pieno ed uno vuoto, situazione che avrebbe originato fastidiosi squilibri. Caratteristiche tecniche del Fiat AS.6 (versione anno 1934) Architettura: 24 cilindri a V di 60° Raffreddamento: a liquido Cilindrata totale: 50,256 litri Alesaggio: 138 mm Corsa: 140 mm Rapporto di compressione: 7 Velocità media del pistone: 15,4 m/s Alimentazione: carburatore aspirato ad otto corpi Distribuzione: 4 valvole per cilindro, 2 alberi a camme per ogni bancata Accensione: doppia, a quattro magneti Sovralimentazione: compressore centrifugo ad uno stadio Velocità di rotazione del compressore: 19000 giri/min Pressione di sovralimentazione: 1,82 bar Riduttore: coppie di ingranaggi a dentatura cilindrica Rapporto di riduzione: 0,6 Peso a secco: 930 kg Potenza massima: 3100 CV a 3300 giri/min Rapporto peso/potenza: 0,3 kg/cv. Le eliche coassiali controrotanti L'ingegner Mario Castoldi aveva pensato all'idea di due eliche coassiali controrotanti già alla Schneider del 1929, quando risaltarono agli occhi di tutte le difficoltà degli idrocorsa in fase di decollo. L'elica, infatti, ruotando attorno al proprio asse, produce (per la Terza Legge della Dinamica) un momento meccanico di reazione che tende a far rollare il velivolo nel senso opposto a quello di rotazione dell'elica stessa. Se, durante la corsa di decollo di un aeroplano "terrestre", tale momento meccanico può essere assorbito dall'ammortizzatore della gamba del carrello, in un idrovolante a scarponi avviene lo sprofondamento di un galleggiante rispetto all'altro e questo comporta un notevole squilibrio in termini di resistenza idrodinamica. Con l'aumento della potenza dei motori si rendeva necessaria l'adozione di galleggianti sempre più grandi che potessero opporre una adeguata resistenza al rollio indotto senza sprofondare eccessivamente; i galleggianti sovradimensionati però, una volta in volo, producevano una resistenza aerodinamica notevole. L'adozione di due eliche coassiali controrotanti, soprannominata poi elica "birotativa", ha tra i tanti vantaggi quello di azzerare il momento meccanico di reazione, in quanto il momento meccanico generato dalla rotazione di un'elica viene contrastato dalla rotazione dell'altra. Questo ha sicuramente reso il velivolo meno difficile da pilotare, sia in volo che in flottaggio, ed ha inoltre consentito di adottare galleggianti meno voluminosi. Il fatto poi che la lunghezza delle pale fosse ripartita tra due eliche ridusse il diametro del disco, il che offrì due ulteriori vantaggi: in primo luogo scongiurò il pericolo che le estremità delle pale raggiungessero velocità supersoniche ad elevati regimi di rotazione del motore, ed in secondo luogo ridusse la superficie del disco stesso, migliorando la penetrazione aerodinamica dell'aereo. Altro vantaggio aerodinamico era il fatto che l'idrocorsa veniva investito da una corrente d'aria non turbolenta, come per i monoelica, bensì da una corrente pressoché lineare, il che evitava anche che i gas di scarico venissero deviati verso l'abitacolo, causando problemi sia di respirazione sia di visibilità al pilota per annerimento del parabrezza. Oltretutto, un disco con un diametro così ridotto non avrebbe sicuramente interferito in alcun modo con l'onda prodotta dagli scafi durante il movimento in acqua. Tecnica Ali e impennaggi L'ala era realizzata in duralluminio, piuttosto spessa ed a profilo biconvesso, simmetrico, e completamente coperta da un radiatore alare costituito da tubetti d'ottone in modo da utilizzare quasi tutta la superficie esterna del velivolo per raffreddare il motore. Gli impennaggi di coda erano a croce, come nei modelli veloci Macchi. Fusoliera Nella parte anteriore e centrale la fusoliera era in metallo mentre la coda era realizzata in legno. Buona parte della lunghezza della fusoliera era occupata dal complesso motore che era sostenuto da un castello nel quale si innestavano le gambe di forza dei galleggianti e le semiali. Le gambe di forza dei galleggianti erano in legno e duralluminio e la loro superficie anteriore era quasi completamente coperta dai radiatori per l'olio e per l’acqua. Raffreddamento Uno dei problemi più seri per il funzionamento del prestante motore era il raffreddamento: I problemi inerenti al raffreddamento dei motori hanno notevole importanza. Il raffreddaménto di un motore con circolazione di liquido, sull'aeroplano da caccia, che tende a ridurre al minimo ogni dimensione, offre delle particolari difficoltà, Nell'M.C.72 dovetti però affrontare e risolvere esigenze ancora più gravi, cosa che fu fatta in modo brillantissimo. Allora a velocità di 700 chilometri ora si eliminavano più di 600 calorie per metro quadrato al minuto con un peso totale dell'acqua in circolazione di soli 115 Kg. La circolazione dell'acqua avveniva mediante quattro pompe centrifughe attraverso le quali passavano 900 litri d'acqua al minuto, cioè ogni minuto la stessa acqua passava quasi otto volte nei radiatori. «La circolazione dell'acqua avveniva sotto pressione, tenuta da speciali valvole sensibilissime comandate da una serie di capsule barometriche. Senza valvole, all'avvicinarsi della temperatura dell'acqua ai 90° le pompe si disinnescano e cessano di dare portata. Mettendo il circuito sotto pressione si impedisce all'acqua di bollire e le pompe stanno adescate anche a temperatura superiore ai 100 gradi, temperatura che è in correlazione colla pressione alla quale sono tarate le valvole. Credo che il sistema di raffreddamento con circolazione d'acqua sotto pressione sia stato per l'appunto usato per la prima volta sull’M.C.72. ENGLISH The Macchi M.C. 72 was an experimental seaplane designed and built by the Italian aircraft company Macchi Aeronautica. The M.C. 72 held the world speed record for all aircraft for five years. In 1933 and 1934, it set a world speed record for piston engine-powered seaplanes which still stands. Design and development The Macchi M.C. 72 was one of a series of seaplanes developed by Macchi Aeronautica. An earlier model, the M.24 was a twin-engine flying boat armed with machine guns and capable of carrying a torpedo. Later in the 1920s, Macchi focused on speed and on winning the Schneider Trophy. In 1922, the company hired aircraft designer Mario Castoldi to design high-speed aircraft. In 1926, the company won the trophy with the M.39 which attained a top speed of 396 km/h (246 mph). Further aircraft, the M.52, M.52R and the M.67, were designed and built but victory in the Schneider races kept eluding the Italians. Castoldi then designed the ultimate racing seaplane, the M.C. 72, a single-seater aircraft with two floats. The M.C. 72 design was unique with a fuselage partly metal to the cockpit and wood monocoque bolted to the front tubular portion by four bolts. The streamlined nose contours enclosed an oil tank with its outside wall exposed to the airstream. The wing was all metal with flat tubular water radiators smoothly faired into the wings. The twin pontoons had three smoothly-faired radiators on the outer surfaces, the forward radiator for water and the centre and rear radiators for oil cooling. The float struts also featured water radiators and another radiator was fitted during hot conditions under the fuselage running from cockpit to tail. The M.C. 72 was built in 1931 with the idea of competing for what turned out to be the final Schneider Trophy race, but due to engine problems, the M.C. 72 was unable to compete. Instead of halting development, Macchi continued work on the M.C. 72. Benito Mussolini personally took an interest in seeing development of the M.C. 72 continue and directed state funds to the company. Operational history For two years, the M.C. 72 suffered from many mechanical defects, as well as the loss of two test pilots who died trying to coax world class speed out of the M.C. 72 (first Monti and then Bellini). The final design of M.C. 72 used contra-rotating propellers powered by a modified FIAT AS.6 supercharged V24 engine generating some 1,900-2,300 kW (2,500-3,100 hp). After 35 flights, the engines were overhauled in preparation for a record attempt. The aircraft finally lived up to expectations when it set a new world speed record (over water) on 10 April 1933, with a speed of 682 km/h (423.5 mph). It was piloted by Warrant Officer Francesco Agello (the last qualified test pilot). Not satisfied, development continued as the aircraft's designers thought they could break 700 km/h (434.7 mph) with the M.C. 72. This feat was in fact achieved on 23 October 1934, when Agello piloted the M.C. 72 for an average speed of 709.2 km/h (440.7 mph) over three passes. This record remains (as of 2019) the fastest speed ever attained by a piston-engine seaplane. After this success, the M.C.72 was never flown again. Speed record The M.C. 72 held the world speed record for all aircraft for five years. For comparison, the record holder for a land-based aircraft was held (for a time) by the Hughes H-1 Racer with a top speed of only 566 km/h (352 mph). Then in 1939, two German racing aircraft passed the M.C. 72. The first was a Heinkel prototype fighter which reached the speed of 746 km/h (463 mph). The second was the Messerschmitt Me 209, built by Messerschmitt solely for the purpose of setting a new world speed record, which it achieved at 756 km/h (469 mph) on April 26 – less than 5 months before the start of World War II. The current world speed record for a piston-engine aircraft is 528.33 mph (850.26 km/h) set by a heavily modified Grumman F8F Bearcat named Rare Bear over three km in 1989. However, the M.C. 72 record still stands today as the world's fastest propeller-driven seaplane. Survivors One M.C. 72, the aircraft that took the world record, survives. It is on display at the Italian Air Force Museum, near Rome. (Web, Google, Wikipedia, You Tube)