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Description Oct. 27 1936. F. o. ALBERTSON METAL SPRAY GUN Filed April 50, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 y -\%"raas' QflZZerZIsvza ,MykMgY-(M & Oct. 27, 1936. F. o. ALBERTSON METAL SPRAY GUN Filed April 30, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Fatented Oct. 27, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METAL SPRAY GUN Frans 0. Albertson, Sioux City, Iowa, assignor to Albertson & Company, Inc., Sioux City, Iowa, a corporation of Iowa 14 Claims. The present invention relates to metal spray guns, and is particularly concerned with devices of the type adapted to spray cold metal upon a prepared metal surface. It finds its most effective field of use in building up dents and depressions upon the bodies of automotive vehicles without heating the body metal, and in places formerly inaccessible for repair work except by long, tedious hand labor methods. In straightening fenders and body parts it is not always possible to get the surface entirely smooth. If such a surface is sanded until it is even, certain spots on the metal will be almost sanded through until there is practically no metal left. This condition can now be avoided by applying a thin layer of suitable metal alloy on the spot with a spray gun constructed according to the present invention and then sanding the area to a smooth and even finish. One of the objects of the invention is the provision of an improved metal spray gun which has provision for cooling the gun by means of the compressed air used for the spray. Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved metal spray gun by means of which the metal may be sprayed more effectively by a cold process so that the body of the car is not heated to such an extent that it would warp. .The cold spray method is also necessary because some bodies are now insulated with inflammable materials. Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved metal spray gun having a novel control by means of which both the air and the heat are under the complete control of the operator. Another object is the provision of an improved nozzle structure for a metal spray gun of the class described, having a particular structure adapted towithstand melting and having a shape which is more effective than the devices of the prior art. Another object is the provision of an improved metal spray gun utilizing heat for the melting of the metal, which is so constructed that it is more eflectively cooled and the handle parts are kept cooler than the devices of the prior art. Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views. Referring to the two sheets of drawings: Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the metal spray gun constructed according to the present invention; Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken on a plane passing through the axis of the air tube, REISSUED DEC 2 4 1940 with parts of the gum in elevation to show the internal structure; i Fig. 3 is a vertical sectfonal view, taken on the plane of the lines-I of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows, and showing the end of the heating element housing; Fig. 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the plane of the line 4-4 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows and showing the details of construction and support of the valve housing on the handle; Fig. 5 is a bottom plan view of the heating element housing and a sectional view taken through the .heat radiating supports on the plane of the line 5-5 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view, taken through the handle and trigger structure, on the plane of the line 6-6 of Fig. 2, looking in the direction of the arrows; Fig. '7 is a front elevational view of the nose. end of the gun. Fig. 8 is an elevational view of a blow-out and clean-out tool; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view, showing the application of the tool for blowing out the metal well. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the handle member It! may be constructed of cast metal, having any suitable shape for fitting the hand, and of suili cient length down to the finger-engaging shoulder I I, to accommodate the entire hand. The handle ID has a rearwardly curved surface l2 adapted to rest on the hand between the thumb and forefinger, and the handle is hollow and provided with a box-like formation ll of substantially rectangular shape in plan at the top. The handle has a groove It in its rear wall, the groove being of sufllcient size to receive the rubber hose l5, which carries insulated electrical conductors l6, l1. Hose l5 has a resilient wire metal ring I8 clamped about it in such manner that it also clamps the walls of the hose into engagement with the conductors l6, l1, and the ring 18 is engaged in a groove is formed in the handle cover plate 20. The cover plate 20 comprises a plate of sheet metal which is formed with a substantially square guide aperture 2| and with other apertures for receiving the screw bolts 22 which secure it on ,45 for passing the square push rod 41. closed in Patent No. 1,889,259, issued November 29, 1932. This switch unit has a threaded bore 25 for reception of a screw bolt 21 passing through the forward wall of the handle and securing the switch unit in place. The switch unit may have secured to it a substantially U-shaped supporting member 28. U-shaped metal member 28 slidably supports a slider 34, which is adapted to engage the tumbler oi the snap switch 25 and actuate the snap switch. The slider 34 has a pair of rearwardly projecting flanges 35, 35, the latter one being punched out of the body 34. Flanges 35, 35 embrace a pin 31, which pin is carried by the rearwardly projecting cars 38 of the trigger 39. The pin 31 is urged downwardly by a pair of coil springs 40, one located on each side of the U-shaped member 28, the ends of each coil spring being hooked over the pin 31. The opposite end of each coil spring is secured by a screw 4| to the U-shaped member 28. The U-shaped member 28 also carries a bracket 33. comprising a strip of metal, also secured by the screw 2'! and extending upwardly into the body of the handle Hi. This bracket 33 has a rearwardly turned flange 42, which is secured by a screw bolt 43 to a supporting plate 44. Support ing plate 44 is secured in the box-like housing |3 by a pair of screw bolts 45. Plate 44 and flange 42 both have apertures The bracket 33 has a pair of rearwardly projecting flanges 48, with apertures for slidably supporting the plunger 29. Plunger 29 comprises a pin having a washer 30 riveted on one end to retain it in the flanges 48. The other end of the plunger has a knob 32, and a spring 3| is compressed between the knob 32 and a flange 48. Spring 3| constantly urges the plunger 29 downwardly in Fig. 6 so that Washer 30 tends to engage flange 48. The trigger 39, however, has a shoulder 58 so arranged that when the trigger is pulled and the button 32 is pressed, the plunger 29 may engage the shoulder 58 to hold the trigger in closed circuit position. The trigger is normally in open circuit position, as shown in Fig. 2, and the switch is closed by pulling on the trigger. When the plunger 29 is engaging the shoulder 58 of the trigger, the washer 3D isengaging the side of the flange which forms the shoulder 50 on the trigger, as shown in Fig. 6. This causes the washer 30 to bind against the trigger flange in such manner that plunger 29 constitutes a releasable latch. It is necessary not only to press upon the button 32, but to press on the trigger sufliciently to disengage the trigger from under the washer 30; that is, the trigger must be pulled in far enough so that the shoulder 50 clears the washer 38 before the trigger can then again be released to shut off the switch 25. It will be evident that the trigger can be held in closed position, and upon release it moves the switch to open position, but it can also be latched in closed position, and can then be released by simultaneously pressing the knob 32, and then pulling and releasing the trigger while the knob is held. The same trigger 39 also controls an air valve in such manner that both of the sources of power required for operating the spray gun are controlled by the same trigger. This control is efiected through the push rod 41, which extends downwardly through the apertures 46 and 2| and engages the slider 34. The push rod extends upwardly throughfurther guide apertures 2| in the supporting plates 5|, andis adapted to engage the stem 52 of an air valve 53. The air valve 53 is a substantially cylindrical body slidably mounted in a plug 54, which is carried by the metal body 55. Plug 54 may be constructed of brass and provided with a suitable seat 55 for engaging the complementary irustoconical seat on the valve body 23. The plug 54 may be a close frictional lit in a bore 51 in the body 55. A coil spring 58 is contained in the bore 59 ot plug 54 and engages the valve body 53. The spring is placed under compression by a screw plug 50 which is threaded into the counterbore in the plug 54 and engages the end of the spring. The valve body 53 and seat 55 are so constructed that they have an initial clearance or opening so as to provide for the leakage of air through the spray gun whenever the air is turned on. This is a very important feature for efiecting the cooling of the gun and preventing the nose of the gun from getting too hot. The body 55 is best shown in Fig. 4, and it comprises an inverted trough-shaped cast metal member, the walls of which have a multiplicity of apertures 5|. The member 55 has a depending body 52 in the trough, which is adapted to serve as an air conduit, having a bore 53, which may be provided with a counterbore for receiving the air fitting 54. Conduit 53 communicates with a transverse bore 55 extending through the plug 54, and on the other side of the plug the conduit receives the end of a brass tube 55 for conducting air to a nozzle. The brass tube is secured in the body by means of a set screw 51, which engages the brass tube. The push rod 41 is adapted to engage the end of the valve stem 52 to open the air valve whenever the current is turned on. For this purpose the push rod 41 is suitably spaced from the stem 52 to permit sufiicient movement by merely opening the valve 53 slightly with the trigger 39. The valve spring 58 also serves to return the push rod 41 to its position, although the push rod is also actuated by gravity. The body 55 is supported upon the handle III by means of a plurality of screw bolts 58. The box-like formation i3 has its walls thickened at each corner sufiiciently to provide metal for a bore 59 that passes the heads 10 of the screw bolts 58. The heads 15 engage the lower surface of the plate 20, which is secured in place on the box 3 by screw bolts 22. Thus the screw bolts 58 may pass through the plate 20 and be threaded into the bores H in the body 55. Screw bolts 58 also support the heat radiating spacers 12, which are placed on the screw bolts and interposed between the plates 20, 5|. The upper plate 5| serves as a closure for the U-shaped trough members 55. and is also secured in place by screw bolts 58. The member 55 may also be provided with a supporting eye member comprising a pair of sheet metal angle members I3. The feet of these angle members are secured to the top of the body 55 by screw bolts 14 and their upwardly extending flanges are provided with registering apertures 14, I5. The apertures 15 may be used to engage a hook or other supporting member so that the gun may be hung up when hot or at any other time. The valve housing 55 has a substantially rectangular opening 16 at its forward or left end in Fig. 2, bounded by the trough-like walls 11. This rectangular opening. is adapted to receive the metal spacer 18, which is a; tube located on the brass tube 88. It also receives the porcelain spacer 19, which is of sumcient size to fit in the rectangular opening 15 and which has a bore for passing the brass tube 85. 1 The porcelain spacer 19 also has a pair of transverse apertures in the form of slots for passing the electrical conductors or leads 23 that extend to the terminals 8| of the heating element 82. The heating element 82 comprises a helical coil of nichrome wire or other suitable resistance wire, which is wound helically upon a porcelain spool 83. The porcelain spool 83 has hemi-cylindrical grooves 84 for receiving the coiled wire 82, and the grooves progress helically on the spool. One end of the heating coil wire is connected directly to a terminal 8| at the right end, while the opposite end of the wire is led through abore 85 in the spool to the other terminal 81. The body 83 has a bore 88 formed in it for passing the brass air tube 55, and the heating element is supported by means of this tube. The heating element is housed in a cast metal body 81, which has a substantially trough-like chamber 88 in its interior. This chamber is open at the right end of Fig. 2 and has a substantially rectangular opening at that poiiit for receiving and engaging the fiat sides ofthe spacer 19 as well as the flat sides 89 carried by the end of the porcelain body 83. This prevents rotation of the porcelain body 83 on the tube 55. The trough-like chamber 88 is closed at the bottom by means of a metal plate 98, which may comprise a name plate of the tool, and is secured in place by screw bolts 9|. At its forward or left end (Fig. 2) the heating element housing is provided with an upwardly extending nose 92, which has a tapered bore 93. The tapered bore extends downwardly and slightly forwardly and terminates in a counterbore 94, which has the bronze nozzle 95 fixedly secured therein by a close frictional or drive fit. The nozzle 95 continues the taper of the bore 93 to a relatively fine nozzle opening 85, which determines the amount of metal sprayed from the gun. The tapered bore 93 is adapted to receive a stick of suitable solder 91, which is melted by heat of the body 81 generated in the heating coil 82. The brass air tube 68 also terminates in ,a nozzle 98, the shape of which is Shown in Fig. 7. This air tube nozzle opening comprises an arc in shape, and is formed by flattening the end of the tube and curving it. It curves about the ta pered frusto-conical end 99 of the air nozzle, when viewed in elevation in Fig. 7. The forward wall Hill of the heater element housing 81 is provided with an aperture Illl for passing the air nozzle tube 66. The end I02 of the nose of the gun is suitably curved so that it may be used as a trowel'i'or smoothing out the solder after it has been placed and during the placing of the solder. It will be understood that this nose surface I02 is very hot and is adapted to remelt the placed solder, if necessary, in order to smooth it out and place it properly, but the solder is primarily placed by means of the spraying operation. The edges of the heating element housing 81 where they engage the valve housing 55 are provided at the points I03 with a plurality of small -hemi-spherical projections. These projections tion. The gun is permitted to heat up for a period 01' five minutes. When a metal solder stick, touched to the nose of the gun, is melted, hen the gun is hot enough to work. During this 'ime some air will be heard to pass through the gun on account of the initial clearance given the air valve if the air tube is connected at this time. The surface of the metal to be sprayed must be sanded absolutely clean, preferably with a disc sander, and the area sanded should extend to about one inch around the metal fill. All hammering and bumping out of the area should be done before applying the metal. Use of acid or paint remover should be avoided in all cases. I When the surface has been cleaned, a cold tnning compound, suitable for the type of metal cleaned, is used to tin the surface of the metal. Various tinning compounds are on the market and may be used, but I deem it of great importance to use the tinning compounds and methods described in the co-pending application of Frank Osbem Albertson and Gustav A. Olsen, Ser. No. 80,372, filed May 18, 1936, on Method and composition for spraying metal. The tinning compound is applied by wetting a felt base applicator and rubbing the compound into the surface. Then the compound is wiped off to a clean, bright finish by means of a cloth, leaving an amalgam of mercury on the surface. The gun may be properly heated and connected tga sourceof air pressure of from 55. to pounds per square inch. It is now in condition to be used. Only dry air should be used. and water should be carefully drained from the air line. The metal well in the gun should be kept clean, and if not clean should be cleaned out before spraying. This is done by means of a steel blow-out tool, shown in Fig. 8. This clean-out tool H8 has a tapered body ill, fitting the metal well, and a laterally turned end H2, with a ball-shaped depression H3. The depression H3 may be disposed in front of the air nozzle, as shown in Fig. 9, to force air from that nozzle up into the metal well to blow it out. "The solder stick is thenfed into thewell of the heat gun, and as it is melted it is sprayed by means of the compressed air from the nozzle 98. Pressure of the trigger controls the supply of the air, and when the trigger is released both the heat unit and the air are automatically shut oil. This avoids damage to the gun. The nose of the gun should not be held too far away from the work, and the best results are accomplished by holding the gunat from one to two inches from the work. The best way tospray the metal filling is first to spray a thin layer of metal, covering the entire tinned surface. The spray should be moved in circular motion around the outer edge and toward the center. The air should be kept on all the time while feeding metal to the gun. This tends to prevent blowing a blotch of molten metal on the job, and if a blotch occurs it should be removed. When more than one place is to be repaired, the places should be tinned and sprayed one at a time, The spray dust resulting from one job and covering the second prepared surface should be wiped oil before tinning the second place. The metal filling should be sanded down to a feather edge, and in placing the metal it should be built up to such a depth that it can be sanded down to a smooth surface. It is better to use suflicient metal so that it is not necessary to try to add metal after the surface has been once polished. The metal adheres better when it is more thorough applications of the tinning compound to the lead surface and immediately spraying metal on it as described in said copending application. The gun should be carefully cleaned, particularly at the metal well, while it is hot, and the nozzle should be blown out at that. time, after all metal has been removed from the well. .The present metal spray gun is adapted to be used to carry out an improved method of repair of automotive fenders and bodies. The present gun has a more effective control than any of the spray guns of any type of the prior art, and both the air and heat are controlled by the trigger. The metal sprayed by this gun is so cool that it may be directly sprayed upon anything without heating the body to which the spray is applied. Thus the panels of metal composing the vehicle body are not heated and warped, and there is no danger of igniting inflammable material used under the metal body for insulation. The present gun is kept cool by means of its improved structure and by means of the valve clearance which utilizes the air pressure to efiect a cooling. It is also adapted to be used for a long period of time without overheating or damage to any of its parts. While I have illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of my invention, many modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of theinvention, and I do not wish to be limited to the precise details of construction set forth, but desire to avail myself of all changes within the scope of the appended claims. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by United D States Letters Patent is: 1. In a metal spray gun, the combination of an electric heating element with a body having a metal well with a discharge aperture, an air nozzle for spraying molten metal discharged through said aperture, electric switch means for controlling the supply of electric current to said heating element, valve means for controllingthe supply of air to said air nozzle, and common controlling means whereby the air supply and the heat of the element are both controlled from the same manual means, said air valve having an initial clearance permitting the leakage of air through said gun and nozzle to effect a cooling of said gun. 2. In a metal spray gun, the combination of an electric heating element with a body having a metal well with a discharge aperture, an air nozzle for spraying molten metal discharged through said aperture, electric switch means for controlling the supply of electric current to said heating element, valve means for controlling the supply of air to said air nozzle, and common controlling means whereby the air supply and the heat of the element are both controlled from the same manual means, said common controlling means being arranged in such manner that the initial movement of said controlling means closes the electric circuit and further movement of said controlling means controls the opening of said air valve. 3. In a metal spray gun, the combination of an electric heating element with a body having a metal well with a discharge aperture, an air nozzle for spraying molten metal discharged through said aperture, electric switch means for controlling the supply of electric current to said heating element, valve means for controlling the supply of air to said air nozzle, common controlling means whereby the air supply and the heat of the element are both controlled from the same manual means, and means for latching said common a controlling means with the switch in closed position to heat up the gun. 4. In a metal spray gun, the combination of an electric heating element with a body having a metal well with a discharge aperture, an air nozzle for spraying molten metal discharged through said aperture, electric switch means for controlling the supply of electric current to said heating element, valve means for controlling the supply of air to said air nozzle, common controlling means whereby the air supply and the heat of the element are both controlled from the same manual means. said common controlling. means being arranged in such manner that the initial movement of said controlling means closes the electric circuit and further movement of said controlling means controls the opening of said air valve, and means for latching said common controlling means with the. switch in closed position to heat up the gun. 5. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a supporting handle with a plurality of posts for supporting a gun body, said posts supporting said gun body in spaced relation to said handle, a gun body comprising means for housing an air valve, and means for housing an electric heating element, said latter means being constructed of heat conducting metal and being provided with a metal well whereby a supply of metal inserted in said well is melted to be sprayed from said gun. 6. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a supporting handle with a plurality of posts for supporting a gun body, said posts supporting said gun body in spaced relation to said handle, a gun body comprising means for housing an air valve, and means for housing an electric heating element, said latter means being constructed of heat conducting metal and being provided with a metal well whereby a supply of metal inserted in said well is melted to be sprayed from said gun, and said metal well having a metal nozzle constructed of metal having a high melting point. '7. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a supporting handle with a plurality 'of posts for supporting a gun body, said posts supporting said gun body in spaced relation to said handle, a gun body comprising means for housing an air valve, means for housing an electric heating element, said latter means being constructed of heat conducting metal and being provided with a metal well whereby a supply of metal inserted in said well is melted to be sprayed from said gun, said metal well having a metal nozzle constructed of metal having a high melting point, and an air tube controlled by said valve and extending through said gun body and having a nozzle disposed in proximity to said well nozzle. 8. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a supporting handle with a plurality of posts for supporting a gun body, said posts supporting said gun body in spaced relation to said handle, a gun body comprising means for housing an air valve, means for housing an electric heating element, said latter means being constructed of heat conducting metal and being provided with a metal well whereby a supply of metal inserted in said well is melted to be sprayed from said gun, said metal well having a metal nozzle constructed of metal having a high melting point, an air tube controlled by said valve and extending through said gun body and having a nozzle disposed in proximity to said well nozzle, and common controlling means carried by said handle for controlling the opening of said valve and the connection of said heating element to a source of electric power. 9. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate and a porcelain support located in said chamber and a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber. 10. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate, a porcelain support located in said chamber, a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber, a second metal body fixedly secured to said first metal body and carrying the first metal body, and means between said metal bodies for spacing them from each other to reduce the heat conduction between said metal bodies. 11. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate, a porcelain support located in said chamber, a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber, a second metal body fixedly secured to said first metal body and carrying the first metal body, means between said metal .bodies for spacing them from each other to reduce the heat conduction between said metal bodies, said second metal body having an air tube fixedly carried thereby, said air tube extending through said porcelain support and carrying the porcelain support, and a nozzle carried by said metal tube adjacent said well nozzle to effect a spray of metal discharging from said well nozzle. 12. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate, a porcelain support located in said chamber, a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber, a second metal body fixedly secured to said first metal body and carrying the first metal body, means between said metal bodies for spacing them from each other to reduce the heat conduction between said metal bodies, valve means for controlling the flow of air through said metal tube, and electric switch means for controlling the connection of the source of heat supplied to said element. 13. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate, a porcelain support located in said chamber, a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber, a second metal body fixedly secured to said first metal body and carrying the first metal body, means between said metal bodies for spacing them from each other to reduce the heat conduction between said metal bodies, said second metal body having an air tube fixedly carried thereby, said air tube extending through said porcelain support and carrying the porcelain support, a nozzle carried by said metal tube adjacent said well nozzle to efiect a spray of metal discharging from said well nozzle, and a common trigger for controlling both said valve means and said electric switch means. 14. In a metal spray gun, the combination of a heat conducting body formed with a downwardly tapering metal well, said metal well communicating with a counterbore and a bronze metal nozzle located in said counterbore, said body having a substantially trough shaped chamber in its lower side provided with a closure plate, a porcelain support located in said chamber, a heating element on said support, said porcelain support and said chamber having complementary engaging shoulders to prevent rotation of said porcelain support in said chamber, a second metal body fixedly secured to said first metal body and carrying the first metal body, means between said metal bodies for spacing them from each other to reduce the heat conduction between said metal bodies, said second metal body having an air tube fixedly carried thereby, said air tube extending through said porcelain support and. carrying the porcelain support, a nozzle carried by said metal tube adjacent said well nozzle to effect a spray of metal discharging from said well nozzle, a common trigger for controlling both said valve means and said electric switch means, and latching means for latching said trigger in closed circuit position. FRANS 0. ALBERTSON.

Description Oct. 9, 1951 N. c. PRICE FUEL coNTRoL sYs'rEu FOR TURBO POWER PLANTS 2 Sheets-Sheet l Original Filed March 6, 1942 .ntv n te Nv INVENTOR NATHAN C. PRlcE BY Agent Oct. 9, 1951 N. c. PRICE 2,570,591 FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM FOR TURBO POWER PLANTS y Original Filed March 6, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 l Ef 27 39 38 lm'rlou l2 STARTER 2 PoweR Y Fusi. Pumr7 SUP. FUEL lNvENToR. NATHAN C. PRICE Agent Patented Oct. 9, 1951 FUEL CONTROL SYSTEM FOB TURBO POWER PLANTS Nathan C. Price, Los Angeles, Calif., assignor to Lockheed Aircraft Corporation, Burbank, Calif. Application September 8, 1945, Serial No. 615,167, which 433,599, March 6, 17 Claims. This invention relates to internal combustion powerplants and relates more particularly to fuel control systems for internal combustion turbine powerplants. The mechanism or system of the present invention is intended primarily for embodiment in internal combustion turbo powerplants employed to propel aircraft and other high velocity vehicles. This application is a division of my'co-pending application, Serial No. 615,167, filed September 8, 1945, which in turn is a division of my co-pending application Serial No. 433,599, filed March 6, 1942, now Patent No. 2,540,991. It is a general object of the present invention to provide a practical, eillcient and dependable fuel supply and control system for internal com bustion turbine powerplants which system autois a division of application Serial No. 1942, now Patent No. 2,540,991, dated February 6, 1951. Divided and this application April 26, 1947, Serial No. 744,238 (Cl. Gli-35.6) matically establishes and maintains an eflicient air-fuel mixture in the combustion chamber or chambers of the powerplant under all conditions of powerplant operation. Another object of the invention is to provide a y fuel control system of the character referred to in which the pump driving motor is associated with the manually operable throttle control lever, or the equivalent, in such a manner that the fuel pressure supplied to the fuel distributing system is directly related to the fuel quantity requirements at the various powerplant speeds. The power input to the pump driving motor is controlled or adjusted by the throttle control lever so that the speed` of the pump is directly controlled according to the fuel quantity requirements. This results in the conservation of power required for driving the pump and prevents fuel vapor lock due to frictional overheating of the fuel lines, etc. Another object of the invention is to provide a fuel control system embodying a fuel metering means interposed between the fuel pump and the fuel injection nozzles which metering means automatically operates to meter thev fuel in accordance with the air ow through the combustion zone. The metering means' is responsive to the combined function of the rates of flow of air and fuel to the combustion zone and ktends to maintain a proper eflicient fuel-air ratio for each power control setting. A further object of the invention is to provide a fuel control system of the class referred to which incorporates fuel metering means for the primary combustion zone and the secondary or supplemental combustion zone which function in a sequence relation to meter the fuel to both zones. The metering means for the fuel supplied to the supplemental combustion zone is subject to the same regulation as the primary fuel metering device and the aggregate quantity of fuel supplied to the two combustion zones does not exceed the optimum fuel burning capacity of the plant or subject the powerplant elements to excessive temperatures. Other objects and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of a typical preferred embodiment, throughout which description reference will be made to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a side elevation of a powerplant in which the fuel control system of the invention is embodied, with a major portion broken away plant of the class disclosed in my co-pending applications referred to above. The general st'ucture of the powerplant is briefly described becI use the fuel controlsystem is intimately related with the several powerplant elements and mechanisms. However,.the specific details of the powerplant are omitted as not being essential to an understanding of the invention. The powerplant is adaptedfor use in propelling high speed, high altitude aircraft and is designed to handle a substantial volumetric air flow. The plant comprises generally first and second stage compressors IU and II, a primary combustion chamber I2, a gas turbine I3, and a secondary combustion chamber I4. v The rst stage compressor I0 is of the axial flow type and is equipped at its forward end with a tubular spigot I5 which faces forwardly relative to the direction of flight of the aircraft so as to receive the rammed air. The compressor I0 includes a tubular housing I 6 and a rotor Il supported for rotation in the housing. The rotor impeller blades. The rearor exhaust end of the compressor l0 terminates at a double scroll out-l let housing 20 having a pair of outlet spigots 2l and 22 which communicate with intercoolers 23. The second stage compressorv I lf-isof vthe multistage radralow vand .comprises'three stages 24. 25 and 26 of centrifugal compression arranged in series or tandem relation. The rst stage centrifugal compressor 24 is at the -rear of the scroll housing and has two spigots 21 and 28 receiving the first stage compressed air from the intercoolers 23. The annular exhaust duct of the compressor 24 directs the compressed air through a liquid fed intercooler 30 which, in turn, delivers the air to the inlet 3| of the second stage of centrifugal compression. The second and third stage centrifugal compressors kand 26 'are directly connected in tandem and the air from the final stage compressor passes through diffuser vanes 32 to the combustion chamber I2. The combustion chamber I2' comprises a housing 33 and an annular shroud 34 which together define an annular space leading from the exhaust of the nal stage compressor 26 to the nozzle ring 35 of the gas turbine I3. The housing 33` and shroud 34 are shaped to have an annular series of parallel pockets for containing pa.rs of concentric burner tubes 36. 'Ihe concentric tubes 36 are spaced apart to leave annular combustion spaces which are substantially Venturi shaped to have somewhat confined Zones. Radial openings |49 pass through the walls of the inner tubes 36 at said zones. Fuel injection nozzles 31 extend into the forward ends of the innermost burner tubes 36 and are supplied with compressed air and fuel by annular supply manifolds 38 and 39. The nozzles 31 d.scharge the fuel-air mixture laterally through said openings |48 into the above mentioned annular Venturi shaped passages. Electrical resistance glow plugs 48 extend into the Venturi shaped passages of the combustion chamber I2 to ignite the fuel and air mixture. The gas turbine I3 which is driven by the expanding gases of combustion and air issuing from the combustion chamber I2 includes a housing 4| which extends rearwardly from the combustion chamber. A rotor 42 is xed to a central shaft 43 and rotates within the housing. Impeller buckets or blades 44 on the rotor 42 operate between rows of stator blades 45 on the interior of the housing 4|. The nozzle ring 35 discharges the gases of combustion from the combustion chamber I2 into the expansion zone of the turbine to drive the rotor 42. The secondary combustion chamber I4 is dened by a tubular wall or casing 46 which extends rearwardly from the turbine casing` 4I. The casing 46 is of rearwardly diminishing diameter and its rear end carries a propulsive jet forming nozzle 41. In accordance with the invention supplemental fuel is injected into the secondary combustion chamber I4 when additional power is desired. The means for injecting the supplemental fuel includes a cap 48 on the apex of the turbine rotor and provided with divergent fuel injecting orices 49. The rotor shaft 43 is tubular and conducts the fuel from an elbow fitting 59 to the hollow cap 48. The supplemental fuel injected from the orifices 49 burns in the excess air leaving the turbine I3 to materially increase the thrust output of the powerplant. An internal annular baffle 5I of streamlined cross section is supported in the supplemental combustion chamber to surround and directly oppose the series of fuel injecting orifices 49. The turbine I3 drives the compressors I8 and II through the medium of gear drives or transmissions. A beveled gear 52 is fixed on the forward end of the rotor shaft 43 and meshes with beveiedpinions sa ywhich' are spuneditoradiai. auxiliary shafts 54.-' The compound radial flow l compressor' I l-hasashaft 55 and a beveled gear 56' is fixedv on this shaft to mesh .with the-pinions 53. It will be seemhowv the compressor shaft 55 is driven counter to the turbine rotor 42 by the gearing just described. The compressor shaft 55 in turn drives the rst stage compressor I8 through the medium of a suitable transmission which may include a beveled gear 51 fixed on the forward end of the shaft to mesh with pinions 58. The pinions 58 are fixed on radial shafts 68 which may project from the powerplant housing to drive auxiliaries. The end wall of the first stage rotor I1 carries a beveled gear 6| which is in mesh with the pinions 53 so that the first stage compressor is driven by the gearing. The fuel control system of the invention includes a fuel valve housing 18 containing valves for the primary and secondary fuel injection and cylinder and piston means for operating the same. See Figure 2. A lever 68 is positioned below the valve housing 18 and one end of the lever is pivotally connected with a piston rod 8| projecting from the valve housing 18. A spring 65 is arranged under compression between the other end of the lever 68 and a relatively stationary abutment 66. A coil spring 82 serves as an elastic connection between an intermediate point on the lever 68 and a control lever 83. The spring 65 serves as an elastic fulcrum for the lever 68 and allo-ws the angle of the lever to change without imposing bending forces on the piston rod. The throttle control lever 83 may be located in the flight compartment so as to be conveniently manually operatedv by the pilot or flight engineer. In case the control station for the pilot or flight engineer is remote from the powerplant control auxiliaries, the lever 83 may be actuated through suitable linkages or cables not shown. Ihe throttle control lever 83 is pivotally supported at 84 on a suitable portion of the aircraft structure. i A second coil spring 85 normally acts under compression between a secondary, fuel valve piston rod 86 and a point on the control lever 83 intermediate its fulcrum 84 and the first coil spring 82. The piston rod 86 is parallel `with the above mentioned rod 8| and enters the valve housing 18. The free or outer arm of the throttle lever 83 is adapted to m'ove across a suitably calibrated sector 81. The opposite orfulcrum end of the lever Y83 has `an arm 88 which is adapted to actuate an ignition and fuel pump switch 89 and then actuate a starter switch 9U when the lever is moved across the sector 81 in the direction indicated by the arrow in Figure 2. The above mentioned primary and secondary fuel valve piston rods Bland 86 pass through suitable stuing boxes to enter the valve housing 18, and the two rods lare slidably guided in openings in an intermediate partition or wall 9|. The rods 8| and 86 have gas-tight and liquidtight sliding engagement in the openings. The inner ends of the Arods 8| and 86V have needle points 92 and 93 respectively which are adapted to seat on correspondingly beveled outlet valve seats 94 and 95 when in the closed positions. Outow fuel pipes 96fand 91 extend from the seats 94 and 95 to the `powerplant fuel injection systems. The valve housing 18 has a pair of cylinder bores 98` and 99 and the piston rods 8| and 86 carry pistons `Illl and I9I which have sliding uid tight fits in the bores. The cylinder bores 5 9| and 99 are formed in the lower portion of th valve housing and the respective upper and lower ends of the bores are interconnected by ducts |02 and |03. An yair pressure pipe |04 leads from the discharge of the nal stage compressor 26 to the upper ends of the interconnected cylinder. bores. An inlet nipple |05 may extend through the combustion chamber housing 33 to place the pipe |04 in communication with the high pres-V fsure air duct leading to the combustion chamber. A vacuum pipe |06 leads from the vlower ends of the interconnected cylinder bores 98 and 99 to a Venturi section of a burner tube 36. This starting system may be of the class disclosed and claimed in my co-pending application Serial No.v 615,167,`1ed September 8, 1945. Y In the operation of the apparatus it will rst be assumed that the throttle lever 83 is moved alongthe sector 81 from the stop position to the' position designated ignition. The movement of the lever 83 causes actuation of the switch 89 to complete a low voltage circuit through the glow is shown at s2 in Figure 1. It will be seen that the pipes and connections just described operate to provide differential pressures on the opposite sides of the pistons and |0|. A pair of cylinder bores |01 and |08 is formed in the upper portion of the valve housing 18 above the wall 9|. The above mentioned piston rods 8| and 86 extend through the bores |01 and |08 and carry pistons |09 and ||0 respectively which have loose sliding ts in their respective cylinder bores. A duct in the housing'ls interconnects the lower ends of the cylinder bores I |01 and |08 and a fuel supply pipe ||2 extends from the duct to a fuel feed pump P. The pump `P in turn has its suction or low pressure side in direct communication with the bottom of a fuel storage tank T to avoid the possibility primary combustion chamber and the -pipe 91v carries fuel to the combustion chamber housing i 33 where it passes to the tubular rotorshaft 43 for ultimate discharge from the supplemental fuel orifices 49. The invention includes an actuating and control circuit for the fuel pump P. The pump P is driven by an electric motor M and the invention includes a system for varying the electrical input to the motor in accordance with the throttle setting and the fuel demand of the powerplant. A rheostat |I4 is arranged to be actuated by the piston rod 8| and lever 68. The rheostat ||4 may have a common support with the fuel valve housing and includes a pivoted contact arm ||5. The arm ||5 isactuated by a link ||6 interconnecting the lower end. of the piston rod 8| and a crank secured on the arm H5. Movement of the arm ||5 controls or Varies acircuit completed through the snap switch 89, a battery ill, a conductor ||8,' the 're-v sistance of the rheostat ll4, and a conductor |9 to the motor M. The return of the circuit is by way. of the ground connections illustrated. It will be seen that the electrical power input to the fuel pump drive is adapted to' be varied as a function of the throttle lever setting `and the fuel demands of the power plant. A paral-p lel circuit is completed through the glow plugsV 40 by the switch 89 from the battery |I1 through a conductor and back through thenground connections. The above` mentioned plugs 4'0.'. .At theisame time the circuit to the fuel pump motor'Misjalso closed by the same switch. At vthis ignition position'of the throttle' v lever 83. there is a maximum of rheostat resistance in the motor circuit and, therefore. aminlmum of power input to the fuel pump P. Under' these conditions the pump P produces a comparatively small fuel pressure. When the glow plugs 40 have reached a fuel igniting tempera-v ture, .and the fuel pressure has come up to the starting pressure, thev lever 8,3 lis* advanced to the starte;` position.y This actuates the vswitch 90 to #complete the circuit to the starting system andthepower plant is started. ,When the compressors |9'and and vtliegturloine I3 are up to about 15% of their normal speed, vsufficient air issupiplied by the compressors to establish an appreciable differential pressure in the pipes |04 and -|06. This pressure differential is communicated 'to the fuel valve actuating pistons |00 and |01 in the cylinders 98 and 99, and'tends to move the fuel control needle valves downwardly eff their seats94 and 95. When the throttle controllever 83 is at the starter position on the sector 81, the spring 85 is under suicient vcompression to hold Lthe needle valve 93l ofthe piston rod 86 rmly closed vbut the compression in the `spring 82 is at this pointso balanced that as soon as the ow of airthrough the burner tubes is established to a given value during-the startin'gcycle-ithe above mentioned l resultantwdifferential pressures acting 1 on the piston |00' isy Isufficient*to crack;v or slightly open the needle valve -92 ofstem lill andallowa proper -amountof the'fu'el toifflowthrough line- 96 -v to the primary fueljjet manifold 13s and' thence vto the spray jets 31jin-the burnerftubes This initiates. operation' ofv thepower plant and the f. power plant is brought upv to the idling speed. Upon a further advance of the control leve'r 83 from the starter position the compressive force of the spring 82 is further relaxed, tending to allow` the primary fuelneedle valve 92 to open further and to feed a greater quantity of fuel to the burner jets. However, regulatory forces are immediately and automatically superimposed `upon the fuel control valve motion to meter the fuel allowed to ilow'tothe burner jets in accordance with thequantity of flow of air through the combustion zone." This'insures a proper and em cient fuel mixture toproduce a'nearly constant combustion temperature, thereby protecting the gas turbine from thermal damage. These regulatory forces are applied to the needle valve stems, ForV example, the primary fuel valve stem 8| is urgedinfa direction to re-close the needle valve 92 by thefriction of the increased f ,flow-.offuel'upwardly around the piston |09 and electrical energy |23 which circuit in turnA con-.k- lfrom this disclosure because it is not essential to" an understanding of thepresent invention. The thefforce appliedto the piston |09 through the "pipe |04 tends'to move the needle valve to an open position. The lforceapplied to the piston ma iet-nus opposed totneteppued to the piston |00 and tend'stofreturnitheneedle valve`92 to a closed `position upon theflow of fuel through the ylinders; Thisfrce'is caused byy the difieren-f 1tialpressureimposedLk y y frictional flowof-fue thrQii'ghQthesmall clear'. n the piston |09 by the 7 ance space between the piston and the cylinder wall and toward the valve outlet 94. The flow of fuel from the primary fuel valve is thus a modied combined function of the rates of flow of fuel and air to the combustion zone which tends under all conditions to maintain a proper fuelair ratio for any given power control setting, 'assuming a substantially constant fuel viscosity. Up to this point in the initial stages of Aoperation of the power plant the supplemental fuel needle valve stem 86 has remained in its closed position against the seat 95 under the compressive force of the spring 85. When the control lever is still further advanced on the sector 81 and approaches the position marked Supplemental Fuel, the spring 85 reaches a state of elongation where its compressive force is reduced to a value which permits the supplemental fuel needle metering valve 93 to lift off its seat 95. This allows supplemental fuel to flow through the line 91 and the tubular rotor shaft to the supplemental fuel orifices 49 in the apex 48 of the gas turbine rotor. Supplementary fuel is thus sprayed into the secondary combustion chamber Il Where it burns in the presence of the excess air carried in the gas turbine exhaust. Still further advance of the control lever results in further opening of the supplemental fuel valve 93 to supply an added quantity of fuel to the secondary combustion zone. The metering of the supplementary fuel is subject to the same automatic regulation as that before described in connection with the primary metering valve. As a result the total nal quantity of fuel, both primary and supplementary, does not exceed that required for the burning of all of the air leaving the gas turbine. This avoids the loss of raw fuel through the propulsive nozzle of the powerplant. During the above described forward advancements of the control lever 83 the rheostat III is actuated through its associated linkage to progressively decrease its resistance and thus increase the power input to the motor M which drives the fuel pump P. Accordingly the fuel pressure delivered to the metering valve mechanism varies as an approximate function of the demand. The needle valves of the metering means do not in fact appreciably throttle the fuel but rather the fuel pump speed is directly controlled at the fuel pressure source according to the fuel quantity requirements and the combustion air back pressure. The needles 92 and 93 regulate or trim the now to the exact quantities required with only a small throttling action. This conserves electric power and prevents fuel vapor lock due to frictional overheating. Furthermore, the fuel pressure system makes possible the use of small fuel lines because the fuel pressure drop in the line is compensated for by the fuel control system. Thus a further controlling factor is combined with the automatic characteristics of the fuel metering valve mechanism and tends to impart automatic regulatory characteristics to the unit as a whole. For example, in the event the control lever 83 is moved forward suddenly an immediate increase in fuel pressure with a momentary corresponding increase in ow to the burner results. This momentary increase in flow of the fuel takes care of the acceleration and increased primary and supplementary fuel requirements of the power unit under high power output conditions. Having thus described my invention and the present preferred embodiments thereof, I desire to emphasize the fact that many modicaticns 8 may be resorted to in a manner limited only by a just interpretation of the following claims. Iclaim: 1. A power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine driving the compressor, a primary combustion chamber between the turbine and compressor, a secondary combustion chamber at the downstream side of the turbine, fuel injection means for the primary combustion chamber. fuel injection means for the secondary combustion chamber, a source of fuel under pressure, means responsive to pressure conditions in the compressor and primary combustion chamber for metering the delivery of fuel from said source to the primary combustion chamber, means responsive to pressure conditions in the compressor and primary combustion chamber for metering the delivery of fuel from said source to the secondary combustion chamber, and a control operable to sequentially operate said metering means so that a given fuel-air ratio is first established in the primary combustion chamber and subsequently a given fuel-air ratio is established in the secondary combustion chamber. 2. A power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine driving the compressor, a primary combustion chamber between the turbine and compressor, a secondary combustion chamber at the downstream side of the turbine, fuel injection means for the primary combustion chamber, fuel injection means for the secondary combustion chamber, a source of fuel under pressure, means sensitive to fuel ow to the primary chamber and to air pressure conditions in the compressor and primary combustion chamber for metering the delivery of fuel from said source to the injection means of the primary chamber, means sensitive to fuel flow to the secondary chamber and to air pressure conditions in the compressor and primary combustion chamber for metering the delivery of fuel from said source to the injection means of the secondary chamber, and a single manual control for sequentially conditioning said metering means for operation. 3. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a source of fuel, a pump for pumping fuel under pressure from said source to the combustion chamber for injection therein, variable speed power means for operating the pump, metering means between the pump and combustion chamber sensitive to fuel flow pressure and to the rate of air flow from the compressor and operable to effect a fine regulation of fuel flow to the combustion chamber, and means for varying the speed of operation of the power means to effect the primary regulation of fuel delivery to the combustion chamber. 4. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a source of fuel, a variable output pump means for pumping the fuel to the combustion chamber, means interposed between the pump means and combustion chamber sensitive to fuel flow pressure and to the rate of air flow into the combustion chamber to effect a fine regulation of the fuel now to the combustion chamber, and manually operablemeans for varying the speed of operation of the pump means to eifect a primary regulation of fuel delivery to the combustion chamber. 5. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine. a source of fuel, a variablefoutput pump for pumping the' speed of operation of the pump to effect the primary regulation of fuel delivery to the combus tion chamber, and manually operable means for actuating the primary' control means and for biasing said fine regulation means. 6. A gas turbine power plant comprising a ccmpressor, a turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a source of fuel, a variable output pump for pumping the fuel to the combustion chamber, means interposed be` tween the pump and combustion chamber sensitiveto fuel flow pressure and to the rate of air flow into the combustion chamber to effect a fine regulation of the fuel flow to the combustion chamber, a primary control means for varying the speed of operation of the pump 'to effect the primary regulation of fuel delivery to the combustion chamber, and a single manual control for simultaneously operating the primary control means and biasing said ne regulation means. 7. A gas turbine power p'ant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a pump for pumping fuel into the combustion chamber, vari- .abe power means for operating the pump, fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the combustion chamber including a fuel metering valve, a piston associated with the valve and acted upon by the fuel flowing to the combustion chamber to urge the valve closed, and a manually operable throttle control for simultaneously varying the output of said power means and the position of the valve. 8. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a pump for pumping fuel into the combustion chamber, variable power means for operating the pump, fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the combustion chamber including a fuel metering valve, a piston associated with the valve, means for applying pressure from the compressor to one side of the piston, means for supplying pressure from the combustion chamber to the other side of the piston, the dierential in said pressures tending to operate the metering valve, and a manually operable control for varying the output of said power means and the position of the valve. , ond piston associated with said valve, means for supplying pressure from the compressor to one side of the second piston, means for supplying pressure from the combustion chamber to the other side of the second piston, the differential in said pressures tending to operate the metering valve, and a manually operab'e throttle control for simultaneously varying the output of said power means and the position of the valve, 10. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a primary combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a secondary combustion chamber, a pump for pumping fuel to said chambers, variable power means for driving the pump, a fuel metering means interposed between the pump and each of said chambers, each metering means including a fuel metering valve, and a piston associated with the valve acted upon by the fuel fiowing to the respective chamber to urge the valve closed, and manual means for sequentially operating said valves and for varying the output of said power means. g 11. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a primary combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a secondary combustion chamber, a pump for pumping fuel to said chambers, variabe power means for driving thc pump, a fuel metering means interposed between the pump and each of said chambers. each metering mans includingr a fuel rretering valve, a first piston associated with the valve and acted upon by the fuel flowing to the respective combustion chamber to urge the valve closed, a second piston associated with the valve, means for supplying pressure from they v compressor t0 one side of the second piston, and means for supplying pressure from the combustion chamber to the other side of the second piston, the differential in said pressures tending to operate the valve, and manua'ly operable means lfor simultaneously varying the output of said and the primary chamber, a second fuel metering valve means interposed between the pump and the supplemental chamber means for dividing tbe fuel flow from the pump into separate streams for flow through said separate valve means, a single manual control lever. and operative connections between the lever and said metering valve means related so that the metering valve means are operated in sequence upon movement of the lever. 13. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas tvrbine, a primary combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a supplemental combustion chamber at the downstream side of the turbine, a pump for pumping fuel to said chambers, a first fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the primary chamber, a second fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the supplemental chamber, a manual control lever, and elastic means connected between the lei-er and said metering means related so that the metering means are operated in sequence upon movement of the lever. 14. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a primary combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, a supplemental combustion chamber at the downstreamside of the turbine, a pump for pumping fuel to said chambers, a first fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the primary chamber, a second fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the supplemental 11 chamber, a manual control lever, and compression springs engaged between the lever and said metering means related so that the metering means are operated in sequence upon movement of the lever. l 15. A gas turbine power plant comprising a compressor, a gas turbine, a primary combustion chamber between the compressor and turbine, af supplemental combustion chamber at the downstream side of the turbine, a pump for pumping fuel to said chambers, a first fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the primary chamber, a second fuel metering means interposed between the pump and the supplemental chamber, a manual control lever, elastic operative connections between the lever and said metering means operable to produce sequential operation of the metering means upon movement of the lever, and a calibrated sector associated with the lever for indicating the operative condition of the two metering means. 16. In a gas reaction propulsive unit, apparatus comprising in combination, a flow system for air and gases including a gas turbine, a nozzle communicating with the exhaust of said turbine and adapted to produce a propulsive jet, primary and secondary combustion chambers, the ` primary combustion chamber including an air and fuel mixing region having a high velocity throat, `means to introduce combustion gases from said primary combustion chamber into said turbine, means to pass combustion gases from said turbine into said secondary combustion chamber and the said nozzle, a compressor driven by said turbine, and means to pass compressed air from said compressor to said primary combustion chamber; means to introduce fuel to said primary combustion chamber; means to introduce fuel into said secondary combustion chamber; a manually settable fuel throttle control; and means responsive to the combined functions of the rate of now o! compressed air into said primary combustion chamber measured by the differential between the pressure in said compressor and the pressure in said throat of the primary combustion chamber and the throttle control setting to meter the rate of said introduction of said fuel into the primary and secondary combustion chambers. 17. Apparatus according to claim 16 in which said means to meter fuel includes a primary metering valve for metering fuel for the primary combustion chamber .and a secondary metering valve for metering fuel for the secondary combustion chamber operable successively first to control the introduction of fuel into the primary combustion chamber only, and subsequently to control introduction of fuel into both the primary and secondary combustion chambers. NATHAN C. PRICE. REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent: UNITED STATES PATENTS and 242.