Med-Surg HESI Study Guide - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. This document discusses several body systems affected by aging and common geriatric conditions. It covers: 1. Confusion can result from too much or too little stimulation in older adults. Exercise, nutrition, and rehabilitation programs are recommended. 2. Cardiovascular changes include decreased cardiac output, dysrhythmias, and respiratory issues like less elastic lungs. Gastrointestinal function declines as enzymes and motility decrease. Urinary changes involve lower kidney function and bladder control issues. 3. Common conditions addressed are pneumonia, respiratory failure, meningitis, peripheral vascular disease, aneurysms, and various heart valve disorders. Lifestyle modifications and medications are outlined for treating several conditions.