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Subscribe To our Youtube channel @ Medical Essentials Plus for the Full detailed tutorial on this topic, along with other easy and to-the-point anatomy and physiology tutorials. Detailed tutorials coming soon don't miss out. In this quick Cranial nerve overview, the name, type, and brief physiology of the first six 6 of the 12 cranial nerves were given. Nerves are outlined in the overview; CN I - Olfactory nerve CN II- Optic nerve CN III- Oculomotor nerve CN IV- Trochlear nerve CN V- Trigeminal nerve CN VI- Abducens nerve See part two for a quick overview of the other 6 cranial nerves. The cranial nerves are not difficult to learn and with these visual representations you will learn them in no time. Subscribe and stay tuned for more.
Shows pictures of a sheep and a human brain. Each of the 12 cranial nerves is represented, students color and number each nerve in both brains.
Olfactory nerve (CN I /sensory) - Responsible for smell Anosmia, (inability to smell), hyposmia (reduced ability to smell), Dysomia, smells become mixed up Optic nerve (CN II/sensory) - Responsible for vision Scotomas (blind spots) defect of vision in a defined area in one or both eyes. Optical neuropathologies show up as a partial or complete loss of vision Oculomotor nerve (CN III /motor) - Controls most of the eye's movements, along with accommodation, eyelid opening, and pupillary constriction Diplopia, ptosis, loss of accommodation Pupillary involvement: In compressive lesions, the pupil becomes dilated and non-reactive In ischemic lesions (e.g., diabetes mellitus) the pupil is spared Trochlear nerve (CN IV/motor) - Controls the superior oblique extraocular muscle Difficulty looking down, head tilt away from the side of the lesion Jaw deviation towards the side of the lesion Trigeminal nerve (CN V/both) - Responsible for facial movement, chewing, temperature, touch, pain Absent corneal reflex, absent sensation in sensory distribution, weakness, and wasting of the muscles of mastication. Jaw deviation towards the side of the lesion Abducens nerve (CN VI/motor) - Eye movement. Controls the lateral rectus extraocular muscle Horizontal diplopia Facial nerve (CN VII/both) - It's sensory functions include being responsible for taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue. It's motor functions include control of the muscles of facial expression, the stapedius muscle in the middle ear and closing of the eyelid Bell's palsy, loss of blink reflex Hyperacusis (when the stapedius is involved) Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII/sensory) - It divides into the vestibular nerve which is responsible for balance/equilibrium and visual fixation during movement and the cochlear nerve which is responsible for hearing Deafness, tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, nausea, nystagmus, loss of balance and ataxia Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX/both) - Swallowing and taste sensation for the posterior 1/3 of the tongue, monitoring blood pressure, oxygen and carbon dioxide loss of taste sensation to the posterior one-third of the tongue, and impaired swallowing Vagus nerve (CN X/both) - Heart rate regulation, respiratory drive regulation, palate elevation, swallowing and talking Palate droop, dysphagia, deviation of the uvula away from the side of the lesion, loss of gag reflex (the sensory component of this reflex is mostly via CN IX) Accessory nerve (CN XI/motor) - Head-turning and shoulder shrugging via innervation of the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles Weakness with turning of the head, shoulder droop Hypoglossal nerve (CN XII/motor) - Tongue movement Tongue deviation towards the side of the lesion
An introduction to the cranial nerves. Here you can learn the names, anatomy and functions of each cranial nerve as well as mnemonics to remember them.
Cranial Nerves
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