Overview This is part two of a two-part series of tutorials about regular expressions in Go. In part one we learned what regular expressions are, how to express them in Go, and the basics of using...

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Hello guys, If you want to learn Golang and looking for project ideas to get hands-on practice then you have come to the right place. In the past, I have shared best Golang courses for beginners to learn Golang online and in this article, I am going to share best Golang project ideas for beginners to build and learn Go programming better. From my 20 years of experience in Tech and Programming, I can safely say that there is no better way to learn then actually doing work and building projects. When you go into build mode, your mind work differently as in order to build, actual need arise. For example, when you need to download data from API then you search how you can do that in Golang and then you learn about the classes and tools and that learning remains for long time. That's why I recommend every developer to build projects. But, when it comes to building project, you have to be smart to choose the project where you can learn something but also not to get stuck and frustrate. You need project which enhance learning but also easier and fun to build and that's where this article will help you. Earlier, I have shared best Python project ideas, best React project ideas, best Java project ideas, best Spring Boot projects as well as best React Native projects for beginners and in this article, I am going to share best Glang project ideas for beginners to build in 2024. But, before we get to some of the best Golang project ideas for beginners, let me tell you what it really is. Go is basically an open-source programming language that is focused on simplicity, efficiency, and reliability. It was originally designed by Google way back in 2007. The smart folks over at Google felt that they needed a new programming language with a focus on simplicity and peak performance. And so Go was designed by Robert Griesemer, Rob Pike, and Ken Thompson. Golang officially became an open-source project and was released to the public only in 2012. Since then, it has gone on to become one of the most popular and modern programming languages. Go was originally designed for creating programs related to networking and infrastructure. Its aim was to replace other popular and high-performance server-side languages like Java and C++. Go can also be used for creating cloud-based or server-side applications. Go can be used for DevOps and site reliability automation. It is also useful in the world of artificial intelligence and data science. Go can also be used for micro-controller programming, robotics, and games. Also, some of the most popular infrastructure tools like Kubernetes and Docker are written in Go Programming language or Golang. The main reason for Go's high popularity is the basic simplicity of the programming language. Golang is a programming language that's been growing in popularity since it was first released in 2014. It's a general-purpose language that's optimized for concurrent and distributed applications, making it ideal for use in cloud environments like Google Cloud. Golang is also useful for building networked applications that are self-documenting and easy to maintain. Golang makes it possible to take advantage of the benefits of multicore processors without sacrificing performance or memory efficiency. It's easy to learn, so even if you're new to programming, you should have no trouble picking up Golang and getting started on your first project! 10 Best Golang Project Ideas For Beginners in 2024 Here we have compiled a list of the best Golang project ideas for beginners. Keep reading to find out more. 1. Create A Simple Web Server In this exciting project, you will be able to create a simple web service by using the Golang programming language and Java. By building this project you will learn how to create web service endpoints for handling web requests. You will also be able to read and delete URL Query string request parameters. 2. Build a Book or Library Management System As part of this project, you need to build a Library Management system where user can search book by title, genre, publication year, author as well as publication house. If you want to go one step further you can also create admin part of this project which allows use to upload new books and then system automatically assign them an id. This project will help you become an expert in YSQL book management using Golang. By doing this project you will learn how to configure Dependency Injection in Golang. You will also be able to create a web application using the Go programming language. 3. Create A Slackbot For File Uploading By making use of this project, you will be able to learn more about Golang and how it can work with other IDEs. This project will act as your complete guide from development to deployment in the Go programming language. You will learn, among other things, how you can build microservice applications using Golang. 4. Build An AWS Lambda As the title suggests you will enter the world of AWS Lambda using this project. In this project you will be able to learn how to create a Golang web application. You will also be able to create a new AWS project. You will learn how to store and receive data with the help of AWS Lambda. 5. Build a TODO List Building TODO list is a great way to get to grips with Golang. It's one of the interesting project which every programmer can build as its quite useful and you can even deploy on web and let your friend and family use for their TODO task management. This project will teach you everything you need to know about Golang. You will learn how you can establish lines of communication between Go and Database Schema. You will also start by learning how to create DB Isolation levels and transactions. 6. Build An Artificial Intelligence Bot using Golang Creating an artificial intelligence bot with the help ofGo will immensely help you in taking your skills to the next level. This project will help you master Go with Microservices, API integration, and JSON. Using this course, you will be able to learn everything you need to know about Golang. 7. Create A CRUD API This is one of the simplest project you can build to learn Golang. Creating a CRUD API using your Golang skills will help you stand out and impress your interviewers. This project will teach you how to build your resume for enhancing your Golang Applications. 8. Build a Slackbot To Calculate Age in Golang This is a bit similar to an earlier project on this list. The only difference is that in this case, you will also be using a slackbot to calculate age. As part of this Golang project, you will learn how to deploy server-side applications using best practices. You will be able to acquire an outstanding foundation in the basics of web programming. 9. Create An Email Verifier Tool This is another interesting Golang project that will help you master the Go programming language. You need to create a simple tool which can verify if email address you enter follows the email specification or not like it contains "@" and domain name etc. 10. Build a Web Crawler using Golang A Web Crawler is an interesting project to learn Golang's capability as writing a backend server. This project will help you become an expert in programming using Golang. As part of this project you will learn how to configure Dependency Injection in Golang. You will also be able to create a web application using your programming skills. Frequently Asked Questions 1. What exactly is Golang? Go is basically an open-source programming language that is focused on simplicity, efficiency, and reliability. It was originally designed by Google way back in 2007. 2. Is Go open-source? Go officially became an open-source project and was released to the public only in 2012. Since then, it has gone on to become one of the most popular and modern programming languages. 3. Is Go an efficient programming language? Go was originally designed for creating programs related to networking and infrastructure. Its aim was to replace other popular and high-performance server-side languages like Java and C++. Go can also be used for creating cloud-based or server-side applications. Conclusion If you liked this list of the 10 best Golang projects for beginners, feel free to share it with your friends and family. You can also drop a comment if you have any doubts about Golang and we will get back to you in an instant. I have no doubt that the project ideas in this article will help you become a more advanced Golang developer.

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An array of more than one dimension is known as a multi-dimensional array. Two of the most common examples of multi-dimensional arrays are two and three-dimensional arrays, known as 2D and 3D arrays, anything above is rare. I have never seen 4-dimensional arrays, even 3D arrays are not that common. Now the question comes when to use a multi-dimensional array? Any real-life example? Well, 2D arrays are very common on platform games like Super Mario Bros to represent screen or terrain; 2D arrays can also be used to represent structures like a spreadsheet, or to draw board games like Chess, which requires an 8x8 board, Checkers and Tic-Tac-Toe, which requires 3 rows and 3 columns. Another popular application of multi-dimensional arrays is in matrix manipulation. For example to represent a 3x3 matrix you need a two-dimensional array of 3 one-dimensional arrays each containing 3 elements. Similarly to represent 3x2 matrices you need 2 two-dimensional arrays of a one-dimensional array of length 3. In other words, each row in a two-dimensional array is a one-dimensional array. Java truly doesn't support a multi-dimensional array but allows you to create and use an array of any number of dimensional. A two-dimensional array is actually an array of one-dimensional array. This is unlike languages like C or FORTRAN, which allows Java arrays to have rows of varying lengths i.e. a multidimensional array can have 2 columns in one row and 3 columns in a second. Similar to the one-dimensional array, the length of the two-dimensional array is also fixed. You can not change the length of an array, I mean, the number of rows and columns will remain fixed. A 2x2 array can hold a total of 4 elements and they can be accessed using row and column index like a[0][0] will give you elements in the first row and first column, similarly a[1][1] will give you elements from 2nd row and 2nd column. Just like a normal array, the index starts at 0 and finishes at length -1. Though, if you are not familiar with an essential data structure like an array and linked list, then I suggest you first go through a comprehensive fundamental course like Data Structures and Algorithms: Deep Dive Using Java on Udemy. It's a very important topic for any programmer be it a core Java developer or Java web developer and you just can not afford to ignore this. How to Declare 2 Dimensional Array in Java? Example If you know how to create a one-dimensional array and the fact that multi-dimensional arrays are just an array of the array in Java, then creating a 2-dimensional array is very easy. Instead of one bracket, you will use two e.g. int[][] is a two-dimensional integer array. You can define a 2D array in Java as follows : int[][] multiples = new int[4][2]; // 2D integer array with 4 rows and 2 columns String[][] cities = new String[3][3]; // 2D String array with 3 rows and 3 columns By the way, when you initially declare a two-dimensional array, you must remember to specify the first dimension, for example following array declaration is illegal in Java. int[][] wrong = new int[][]; // not OK, you must specify 1st dimension int[][] right = new int[2][]; // OK The first expression will throw the "Variable must provide either dimension expressions or an array initializer" error at compile time. On the other hand, the second dimension is optional, and even if you don't specify compiler will not complain, as shown below : String[][] myArray = new String[5][]; // OK String[][] yourArray = new String[5][4]; // OK This is possible because a two-dimensional array in Java is nothing but an array of a one-dimensional array, because of this, you can also create a two-dimensional array where individual one-dimensional arrays have different lengths, as seen in the following example. class TwoDimensionalArray { public static void main(String[] args) { String[][] salutation = { {"Mr. ", "Mrs. ", "Ms. "}, {"Kumar"} }; // Mr. Kumar System.out.println(salutation[0][0] + salutation[1][0]); // Mrs. Kumar System.out.println(salutation[0][1] + salutation[1][0]); } } The output from this program is: Mr. Kumar Mrs. Kumar In this example, you can see that salutation is a 2D array but its first row has 3 elements while the second row has just one element. You can access elements of a two-dimensional array either by using both indexes or just one index. For example salutation[0][1] represents a Single String in Java, while salutation[0] represents a one-dimensional array ( a single row in the 2-dimensional array). You can further see Algorithms and Data Structures - Part 1 and 2 courses on Pluralsight to learn more about it. How to Initialize Two Dimensional Array in Java? Example So far we have just declared and created the array, we haven't initialized them. This means all elements of the array have their default values e.g. zero for an array of integral values like byte, short, char, and int, 0.0 for floating-point arrays like float and double, false for boolean arrays, and null for an array of reference type like String array elements. You can verify this by accessing the first element of a two-dimensional array as multiples[0][0], which will print zero, as shown below: boolean[][] booleans = new boolean[2][2]; System.out.println("booleans[0][0] : " + booleans[0][0]); byte[][] bytes = new byte[2][2]; System.out.println("bytes[0][0] : " + bytes[0][0]); char[][] chars = new char[1][1]; System.out.println("chars[0][0] : " + (int)chars[0][0]); short[][] shorts = new short[2][2]; System.out.println("short[0][0] : " + shorts[0][0]); int[][] ints = new int[3][2]; System.out.println("ints[0][0] : " + ints[0][0]); long[][] longs = new long[2][2]; System.out.println("longs[0][0] : " + longs[0][0]); float[][] floats = new float[1][2]; System.out.println("floats[0][0] : " + floats[0][0]); double[][] doubles = new double[2][2]; System.out.println("doubles[0][0] : " + doubles[0][0]); Object[][] objects = new Object[2][2]; System.out.println("objects[0][0] : " + objects[0][0]); Output booleans[0][0] : false bytes[0][0] : 0 chars[0][0] : 0 short[0][0] : 0 ints[0][0] : 0 longs[0][0] : 0 floats[0][0] : 0.0 doubles[0][0] : 0.0 objects[0][0] : null You can see the default values of different types of primitive arrays here. Character array is a bit tricky because if you print 0 as a character it will print a null character and that's why I have used its integer value by casting to int. Now there are two ways to initialize a two-dimensional array in Java, either by using an array literal at the time of creation or by using nested for loop and going through each element. In the next example, we will learn how to loop through a two-dimensional array, initialize each element and how to print a two-dimensional array in Java: // initializing two dimensional array as literal String[][] names = { {"Sam", "Smith"}, {"Robert", "Delgro"}, {"James", "Gosling"}, }; // how to initialize two dimensional array in Java // using for loop int[][] board = new int[3][3]; for (int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++) { board[i][j] = i + j; } } In the first example, we have created and initialized a String array using an array literal, while in the second example we have created a two-dimensional array board, and later initialized it by looping through the array. You can further see Object-Oriented Java Programming: Data Structures and Beyond Specialization on Coursera to learn more about how to use an array and other data structures in real-world projects. How to Loop and Print 2D array in Java? Example If you want to access each element of a two-dimensional array, then you need to iterate through the two-dimensional array using two for loops. Why? because you need two indexes to access an individual element from the 2D array. You can either use advanced for each loop or classic for loop with a counter. The second one is more powerful as it provides an explicit counter which can be used as indexes. To print the contents of a two-dimensional array, you can either use this method or can use Arrays.deepToString() method, which will return a String version of all elements of a 2D array, as shown in the following example. import java.util.Arrays; /** * Java Program to initialize and print two dimensional array in Java. * * @author WINDOWS 8 * */ class Basics { public static void main(String args[]) { // initializing two dimensional array as literal String[][] names = { {"John", "Smith"}, {"Javin", "Paul"}, {"James", "Gosling"}, }; // how to initialize two dimensional array in Java // using for loop int[][] board = new int[3][3]; for (int i = 0; i < board.length; i++) { for (int j = 0; j < board[i].length; j++) { board[i][j] = i + j; } } // now let's print a two dimensional array in Java for (int[] a : board) { for (int i : a) { System.out.print(i + "\t"); } System.out.println("\n"); } // printing 2D array using Arrays.deepToString() method System.out.println("another way to print 2D arrays"); System.out.println(Arrays.deepToString(board)); } } Output: 0 1 2 1 2 3 2 3 4 another way to print 2D arrays [[0, 1, 2], [1, 2, 3], [2, 3, 4]] This was an important trick to learn while working with Array in Java. If you want to learn more such tricks, you can also join the Data Structures and Algorithms Specialization on Coursera. It's a free course to audit but you need need to pay if you need certification. This course will teach you algorithms through programming and help you to advance your software engineering or data science career Important Points about Multi-dimensional Array in Java 1) Java doesn't support a multi-dimensional array in the true sense. In a true two-dimensional array, all the elements of the array occupy a contiguous block of memory, but that's not true in Java. Instead, a multi-dimensional array is an array of array. For example, a two-dimensional array in Java is simply an array of a one-dimensional array, I mean String[][] is an array of String[] or "array of array of strings". This diagram shows how exactly two-dimensional arrays are stored in Java : 2) Because of the above reason, the second dimension in an array is optional in Java. You can create a two-dimensional array without specifying both dimensions like int[4][] is a valid array declaration. It also allows you to create a multi-dimensional array whose rows can vary in length, as we have seen in our second example. 3) While creating two dimensional or three-dimensional array in Java, the first dimension is a must, without that compile will throw an error e.g. int[][3] is Not Ok but int[3][] is Ok. 4) A two-dimensional array is a very useful data structure in game programming. You can use it on tile-based games like Super Mario Bros to draw terrain, background, and other objects, on games like Tetris to represent the playing areas. A 2D array is also very useful in matrix manipulation. You can use a 2D array to represent any matrix and perform addition, multiplication, and other operations. A 2D array can also be used to represent any object in plain using X and Y coordinates. Similarly, 3D arrays can be used to represent things in three-dimensional space using X, Y, and Z coordinates. Some of the popular examples of two-dimensional arrays are chess board, checkers board, and other board games which have slots. You can view the chessboard as an array of 8 rows and 8 columns. 5) There are multiple ways to define and initialize a multidimensional array in Java, you can either initialize them using in the line of declaration or sometime later using a nested for loop. You will need as many for a loop as many dimensions of the array you have. For example to explicitly initialize a three-dimensional array you will need three nested for loops. On the other hand, to initialize a 2D array, you just need two nested loops. 6) In a two dimensional array like int[][] numbers = new int[3][2], there are three rows and two columns. You can also visualize it like a 3 integer arrays of length 2. You can find the number of rows using numbers.length and number of columns using numbers[0].length expression, as shown in the below example. This is also very useful while iterating over a two-dimensional array in Java. int[][] primes = new int[3][2]; int rows = primes.length; // 3 int cols = primes[0].length; // 2 System.out.printf("int[3][2] has %s rows and %d columns %n", rows, cols); Output : int[3][2] has 3 rows and 2 columns That's all about multi-dimensional array in Java. It is one of the useful data structures, especially to represent two-dimensional things like a matrix. It is also very useful to build tile-based games. By the way, It's worth remembering that Java doesn't support true multi-dimensional arrays, instead, they are represented as "array of array". Do you want to learn more about the array data structure? The most important Data structure for a programmer - If Yes, here are a couple of more articles which you can explore to learn about Array better: 20+ String Coding Problems from Interviews (questions) How to create an array from ArrayList of String in Java (tutorial) 100+ Data Structure Problems from Interviews (questions) Top 30 Array-based Coding Problems from Interviews (questions) How to remove duplicates from an unsorted array in Java? (solution) 10 Data Structure Courses to Crack Programming Interviews (courses) How to find all pairs whose sum is equal to a given number in an array? (solution) How to reverse an array in place in Java? (solution) 10 Algorithms Books Every Programmer Should Read (books) 10 Free Data Structure and Algorithm Courses for Beginners (courses) Top 20 Searching and Sorting Interview Questions (questions) How to make a binary search tree in Java? (solution) 10 (Free) Online Courses to Learn Data Structure and Algorithms in Java (courses) 50+ Data Structure and Algorithms Interview Questions (questions) Thanks for reading this article so far. If you like this two-dimensional array tutorial then please share it with your friends and colleagues. If you have any questions or feedback then please drop a note. P. S. - If you are looking to learn Data Structure and Algorithms from scratch or want to fill gaps in your understanding and looking for some free courses, then you can check out this list of Free Algorithms Courses from Udemy and Coursera to start with.

Course Description : - There are a vast number of programming languages that are available for developers, depending on their requirements. Each of these languages were created to deal with certain issues encountered in other languages. This is how the Go programming language also came into…

Go also known as golang, is a programming language developed at Google. It is a statically typed language with syntax loosely derived from that of C, Go feature an automatic memory management and type…