Located in the southern part of Austria, Steiermark is one of the country's four main wine regions.While Austria is renowned for its high-quality dry white wines, particularly Grüner Veltliner and Riesling, Styria presents different styles of wine with different grape varieties. International grape varieties, such as Sauvignon Blanc and Chardonnay will dominate the scene.Styria, a beautiful wine region in Austria, is known for its fresh and lively wines. Explore unique styles like Schilcher rosé in the west, Sauvignon Blanc in the south, and delicious Pinot Blanc throughout the region. And as it's my favourite wine region, you should really read the whole post! Table of contents Steiermark overall presentationTerroir : climate and soilGrapes varieties in SteiermarkThe DAC in SteiermarkThe different part and wine styles of SteiermarkConclusion : Steiermark winesSteiermark overall presentationCertainly, there are wine regions where more powerful and structured wines are produced. However, there is no other region in the world that offers fresher, more vibrant, and typically elegant grape varieties than in Southern Styria!This applies to all three wine zones (Vulkanland, Weststeiermark, Südsteiermark) in Styria, each producing incomparable specialties, mostly located in the southern part of the administrative region.Styria, with its 4,630 hectares of vineyards, is a picturesque region (is sometimes refered to as 'Tuscany of the North') known for its incredibly steep vineyards. The majority of vineyards are located in the southern sectors, where evidence suggests that the Celts were cultivating grapes, a practice that was continued by the Romans.However, the turbulent wars and plagues of the 16th and 17th centuries resulted in a decline of viticulture. It was not until the 1840s that Archduke Johann, banished to Styria for marrying a commoner and engaging in political activities frowned upon by his Habsburg relatives, revived winemaking. He established a research institute in the region, based in Maribor (now in Slovenia).In Styria, the new vintage is traditionally celebrated with the light-bodied 'Junker' wine, served from early November. The dry Gebietsweine are released starting from March of the following year. Wine enthusiasts have to wait a little longer to taste the Ortsweine and Riedenweine.Terroir : climate and soilApproximately three-quarters of Styrian vineyards grow on sedimentary deposits in the Styrian Basin, while 20 percent of the vines root in the hard rocks of the Austroalpine. A small percentage is found on often coarse fluvial sediments that accumulate in the basin.The southeastern part of Styria is characterized by basalts, volcanic scoria, and tuffs, which account for about three percent of Styrian vineyards. Other sediments range from silts and marls to sands and blocks, gravels, tuffeaux, and conglomerates, with occasional presence of limestone.Styria faces challenges due to its harsh climate, with temperatures dropping as low as -20 degrees Celsius. It is also a wet region, and erosion is a problem, particularly in the steep vineyards. This of course can be a problem because it encourages diseases, such as mildew. Depending on whether the region is exposed to the Alps and or the Adriatic sea, climate conditions vary significantly.Among its sub-regions, Südsteiermark has the largest surface area of vineyardsGrapes varieties in SteiermarkWhite wines dominate the Styrian wine scene, with varieties such as Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay (or Morillon), Weissburgunder, Grauburgunder, Gelber Muskateller, and Traminer.ANECDOTE : Sauvignon Blanc was brought by Archduke Johann in the 1820s. Affectionately known as the Prince of Styria or People's Prince, the Archduke, who married a commoner and was exiled to the region, dedicated himself to sharing the latest knowledge in agriculture, viticulture, and technology with the local people. As a result, they became some of the most progressive peasants in the world during that era.Styrian white wines are invigorating and refreshing, and winemakers often take a more subtle approach to oak aging.Styrians take pride in their traditions, and since 2006, the Gross estate has revived the use of Stettin (or Startin) barrels, which have a capacity of 565 liters and are crafted from Styrian oak.Half-sized barrels known as Halm are also used.These barrels have unique dimensions as they were designed to hold the must from 10 Eimer (buckets) of grapes brought in by harvesters. Notably, Stettin and Halm barrels have thick staves and are lightly toasted.The DAC in SteiermarkThe 2018 vintage marked a new era for Styrian wines. All three wine zones obtained the DAC appellation: Vulkanland Steiermark DAC, Südsteiermark DAC, and Weststeiermark DAC.The respective typical white wines, including Schilcher in Western Styria, are presented in three categories: Gebietswein, Ortswein, and Riedenwein.The whole range of the grape varieties listed above can be used. However, Ortsweine and Riedenweine tend to focus on local grape varieties.The region is also home to notable groups and associations. The 'Schmecke das Leben' group comprises natural-wine producers such as Strohmeier, Tauss, Wertlitsch, Andreas Tscheppe, and Sepp Muster.Additionally, the STK (Steirische Terroir- und Klassikweingüter), similar to the Traditionsweingüter of Lower Austria, has established its own hierarchy with categories like Erste Lage and Grosse Lage. Member wineries include Gross, Lackner-Tinnacher, Neumeister, Polz, Sattlerho, Tehment, Frauwallner, Wohlmuth, Hannes Sabathi, Erwin Sabathi, Maitz, and Winkler Hermaden.The registered 'STK' designation can be applied to wines from different vineyards and regions, provided they meet the criteria described below that extend beyond mere geographical boundaries.Before we get to these criteria, a short note on the vineyards : here, the vineyards are much bigger than in the Wachau for instance. With the many hills in Steiermark, the vineyards have microclimates within (depending on the exposition, altitude...). Thus, wines from one vineyard can differ a lot depending on where the vines are located in the vineyards. However, what stays the same in each vineyard is the soil. So the best way to guess where a wine comes from is to know the soils of the vineyards.Due to these large vineyards, in contrast to other wine regions, where a Grand Cru is a physically separate place with a distinct name from a Premier Cru, here, a Grand Cru and a Premier Cru can share the same name, representing essentially the same vineyard. The differentiation is based on additional criteria detailed below.**Grosse Lage / Grand Cru:**These wines come from the finest single-vineyards. Grapes must reach full ripeness, harvested later than those from other levels, resulting in heightened concentration and aging potential.Vines are required to be a minimum of 15 years old—an uncommon specification in ranking systems. Yields are limited to 4,500 hl/h, and the wines must undergo a minimum aging period of 18 months (remarkably long for white wines) before release.An intriguing stipulation is that only a cuvée present in the market for at least a decade, showcasing its potential for extended aging, can bear the Grosse Lage label. This criterion, according to the organization, ensures exceptional quality.**Erste Lage / Premier Cru:**Similarly originating from single-vineyards, these wines feature fully ripe grapes, offering increased concentration and aging potential.Vines must have a minimum age of twelve years, with limited yields (4,500 hl/h). The wines must undergo a minimum aging period of one year and have proven themselves in prior vintages, demonstrating the potential to mature for at least five years.The different part and wine styles of SteiermarkTo the west of these exceptionally charming hills, Schilcher wines dominate, known for their distinctive rosé style and strong regional character.In Sausal and along the South Styrian Wine Road, Sauvignon Blanc and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains set the tone, while in the volcanic region of Vulkanland Steiermark in the southeast, these grape varieties are complemented by the highly appreciated Traminer.The most widespread Styrian wine, Welschriesling, offers a bouquet reminiscent of green apples, which is very refreshing.For those who enjoy luscious wines, Pinots would be preferred, such as Pinot Blanc from limestone soils. Chardonnay, also known as Morillon in the region, can be full-bodied despite its freshness, particularly when matured for an extended period, similar to the gray Burgundies (Ruländer, Pinot Gris).Conclusion : Steiermark winesSteiermark, also known as Styria, is a picturesque wine region in Austria known for its fresh, vibrant, and elegant grape varieties. With 4,630 hectares of vineyards, the majority located in the southern part of the region, Steiermark offers incomparable specialties across its three wine zones: Vulkanland, Weststeiermark, and Südsteiermark.The region has a rich viticultural history, with evidence of grape cultivation dating back to the Celts and Romans. However, wars and plagues in the 16th and 17th centuries led to a decline in viticulture. It was later revived in the 1840s by Archduke Johann, who established a research institute in the region.The region offers a range of wine styles, from the distinctive rosé Schilcher wines in the west to Sauvignon Blanc and Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains in Sausal and along the South Styrian Wine Road. The volcanic region of Vulkanland Steiermark complements these with highly appreciated Traminer wines. Welschriesling, known for its refreshing green apple bouquet, and luscious Pinot Blanc and Chardonnay wines are also prominent in the region.In 2018, all three wine zones in Steiermark obtained the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) appellation, introducing the Vulkanland Steiermark DAC, Südsteiermark DAC, and Weststeiermark DAC. These appellations define the typical white wines and present them in three categories: Gebietswein, Ortswein, and Riedenwein. Local grape varieties often take the spotlight in Ortsweine and Riedenweine.Crafting wine in this picturesque location is great, yet far from effortless. The vineyards are too steep and the soil too moist for machinery, requiring vineyards to be tended predominantly by hand. This hands-on approach directly contributes to the exceptional quality of the wine produced.

The wine styles in Burgenland are diverse from red wine to which exceptional sweet wines. This is mainly due to Burgenland’s terroir.For instance, the sweet wines are produced around the lake due to factors like shallow water, autumn mists, and noble rot..However, the slopes of Leithaberg, Eisenberg, and Mittelburgenland, with their limestone, clay, and schist soils which provide good water retention and drainage offer ideal conditions for the production of red wines.Mount Eisenberg, for instance, provides optimal conditions for elegant Blaufränkisch wines, while the Mittelburgenland area and the north of Rosalia yield exceptional Blaufränkisch wines known for their depth and length. The eastern slopes of the Leitha mountain offer a terroir suitable for complex white wines and Blaufränkisch. The Seewinkel area benefits from a special microclimate and is renowned for its sweet wines, particularly Welschriesling.Leithaberg is a wine region in Burgenland, Austria, west of Neusiedlersee. It has diverse soils, including limestone, schist, gravel, loam, sand, and clay. The cooler climate leads to Blaufränkisch wines with higher acidity. The region grows several grape varieties, mainly Blaufränkisch, as well as Grüner Veltliner, Welschriesling, Pinot Blanc, Chardonnay, Zweigelt, St. Laurent, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Syrah. Leithaberg DAC wines must be aged in oak. Notable wineries include Markus Altenburger, Birgit Braunstein, Feiler Artinger, Toni Hartl, Kollwetz, Leberl, Prieler, Heidi Schröck, Turner, Rosi Schuster, Erwin Tinhof, Ernst Triebaumer, and Robert Wenzel. Table of contents Leithaberg overall presentationTerroir of Leithaberg: soil and climateGrapes for Leithaberg winesLeithaberg DACWineries in LeithabergConclusion : Leithaberg winesLeithaberg overall presentationLeithaberg is a wine region located mostly west of the Neusiedlersee in Burgenland, Austria.The soils of the slopes of the Leitha Mountain are rich in limestone, interspersed with crystalline schists and acidic gneiss, which makes it ideal for dry red wines.The area is ideal for wine tourism. I would suggest you start by visiting its regional capital, Eisenstadt with its famous Esterhazy Castle. Stop then at Mörbisch with its lake festival, Sankt Margarethen with its music festival in the Römersteinbruch quarries, and Rust with its wine academy.Terroir of Leithaberg: soil and climateI’ve spoiled things a bit for you… As I wrote earlier, the hills are primarily composed of fossil limestone, but higher up, there are schist and gneiss formations.ANECDOTE : Hans Nittnaus, a renowned winemaker, notes that Leithaberg has a cooler climate compared to the Neusiedlersee region across the lake, resulting in Blaufränkisch wines with slightly higher acidity.The oldest rocks in the area are the acidic schists and gneisses of the Austro-Alpine region, which form the central part of the Leitha Mountain and are home to the highest vineyards, located between Breitenbrunn and Donnerskirchen, as well as some isolated vineyards around Eisenstadt and Oslip.However, the most characteristic rock in the area is the Leitha limestone. Its origin dates back to calm and shallow waters of a warm sea that surrounded the Leitha Mountain 16 to 11 million years ago, providing optimal conditions for small reefs.The Leitha limestone is a hard and light-colored limestone composed of algae and rich in remains of marine organisms such as shells, snails, and sharks.It contrasts with the slightly older, quartz-rich and sandy gravel of the Rust chain.Separated from the Leitha limestone by tectonic shifts, these two very different bedrocks coexist closely, creating acidic and limestone soils for vineyards.In the lower-lying areas, the vineyards are established on loose loams, sands, and often limestone gravels of the Pannonian Basin, as well as on clays, lacustrine clays, and gravelly river sediments.These are mostly well-drained soils which is great for red wines. If you want to know more about the impact of soil on wines, I wrote a whole post on it.Grapes for Leithaberg winesLeithaberg covers an area of 3,097 hectares and is known for producing wines from grape varieties such as Blaufränkisch mostly. They can also be blended with Zweigelt, St. Laurent, or Pinot Noir.Seeing as Burgenland is the hottest wine region in Austria, this is where you will come across international grape varieties (which grow in warm climates) such as Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon and Syrah.Concerning the whites, you may come across are Grüner Veltliner, Welschriesling, Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc), and Chardonnay.Leithaberg DACThe defined production area for the Leithaberg DAC appellation includes the administrative district of Eisenstadt and its surroundings, the free city of Freistadt Eisenberg, and the administrative municipalities of Jois and Winden.The Leithaberg DAC appellation was launched in 2010. The DAC regulations require that at least 85% of the blend be made from Blaufränkisch, with no more than 15% of St. Laurent, Zweigelt, or Pinot Noir allowed. The wines must also be aged in oak.For white wines, blends of Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Neuburger, and Grüner Veltliner are allowed, and they can be aged in steel tanks or barrels.Leithaberg DAC wines are always mineral and quite full-bodied (alcohol content ranging from 12.5% to 13.5% by volume, as indicated on the label).The village of Rust, although within the DAC boundaries, does not include the Ausbruch wines, which fall under the broader Burgenland appellation. Ausbruch wines from Rust are highly regarded, with vines that were first planted 130 years ago.ANECDOTE : Ausbruch, a sweet wine, has similarities to Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA) wines. Leading producers of Ausbruch, including Heidi Schröck, emphasize the minerality and saltiness in their wines due to the loamy sand soils with limestone and schist. They believe that the sweet wines from the eastern side of the lake tend to have more explosive tropical fruit flavors, as the grapes there ripen earlier. In 1991, a group of committed Ausbruch producers formed the Cercle Ruster Ausbruch to promote and defend the style of these exceptional wines.Wineries in LeithabergNow, to the wineries! Here are some of the most famous wineries in Leithaberg where quality is usually constant.Markus Altenburger took over the winery in 2012 and immediately made significant changes, reducing the yield by half. The flagship wine is called 'Vom Kalk' (From the Limestone), emphasizing the importance of the region's unique terroir. Their best vineyard is the exceptional Gritschenberg vineyard, which is subject to vintage variation (it means the wines quality level depends on the vintage). It was planted in the 1970s by Markus' grandfather on limestone soil.Birgit Braunstein has been practicing biodynamic viticulture since 2001 and is passionate about natural wines. Her Blaufränkisch is aged for 8 months in amphorae and then spends an additional 24 months in barrels. The St. Laurent from the Goldberg vineyard is known for its elegance.Feiler Artinger is primarily known for its magnificent sweet wines, but their Blaufränkisch 'Solitaire' is also excellent. His Ausbruch wines are made from Pinot, Welschriesling and Muskat Ottonel.Toni Hartl produces the single vineyard Eisner, made from 40-year-old vines on iron-rich Leithaberg soils, which is regarded as a top-quality Blaufränkisch. The estate also produces great Chardonnay from Thenau, in the best years.Kollwentz is THE great producer. They were the first estate to plant Cabernet Sauvignon in the region. Many of their vineyards are located on the southern slopes of the Leithaberg, with soils ranging from fossil limestone to deeper loam.Their most famous white wine is Tatschler, made from Chardonnay vines planted in 1988 on slate and limestone soil, barrel-fermented, undergoing malolactic fermentation, and aged in oak for 15 months.Another standout wine is 'Gloria,' grown high on the Leithaberg on fossil limestone and aged in new barriques.I love all of their Blaufränkisch wines including a blend of young Blaufränkisch and Zweigelt called Steinzeiler.Prieler is the best-known estate in Schützen, with the family taking over the vineyard in 1972. They practice organic farming and are renowned for their exceptional Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) under the DAC Leithaberg appellation. Their Blaufränkisch wines are excellent, and the Goldberg vineyard, with its high slate content as well as clay and loam, produces wines with considerable structure and power.Heidi Schrök took over the winery in 1983 and has been producing excellent Ausbruch wines since the 1993 vintage. These wines are blends of Welschriesling, Weissburgunder, and Gelber Muskateller.Ernst Triebaumer (ET) produces iconic Blaufränkisch wines from the Mariental vineyard. They have initiated a project to increase the bee population and use sheep for green cover trimming. The cellars are powered by solar energy.The Mariental vineyard, located north of Rust on limestone soils, features vines up to 60 years old. Another top site is the Oberer Wald vineyard.The Sauvignon Blanc 'Vogelsang' from ET is consistently good, and their superb Ausbruch wine is a blend of Chardonnay, Welschriesling, and Sauvignon Blanc.Robert Wenzel is a highly traditional producer of Ausbruch wines. He makes them by adding 20% of fresh must of Trockenbeerenauslese (TBA) quality to the botrytized grapes, using must of the same variety as the Ausbruch fruit.Wenzel has always sought to differentiate Ausbruch from TBA, particularly by fermenting the must to relatively high alcohol levels.In 1984, he was one of the first in Burgenland to replant Furmint and collaborated with Tokaj's master winemaker, Istvan Szepsy, to identify an ancient Tokaj strain, which he then planted in Rust in 2006. The estate produces three Furmint wines, with the standout being 'Saz,' a blend of Furmint and Gelber Muskateller.These wines are immensely complex, showcasing aromas of quince, peach, and mandarin, depending on the vintage, with fine acidity, a silky texture, and excellent length.Conclusion : Leithaberg winesLeithaberg is a wine region in Burgenland, Austria, located mostly west of the Neusiedlersee.The terroir of Leithaberg is shaped by diverse soil compositions, with limestone being the most characteristic rock, along with schist and gravel. The vineyards also extend to lower-lying areas with loams, sands, and clay soils. The climate in Leithaberg is slightly cooler compared to the Neusiedlersee region, resulting in Blaufränkisch wines with higher acidity.The region cultivates various grape varieties, including Blaufränkisch primarily, Grüner Veltliner, Welschriesling, Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc), Chardonnay, Zweigelt, St. Laurent, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Syrah The Leithaberg DAC appellation regulations require oak aging for the wines.Notable wineries in Leithaberg include Markus Altenburger, Birgit Braunstein, Feiler Artinger, Toni Hartl, Kollwetz, Leberl, Prieler, Heidi Schröck, Turner, Rosi Schuster, Erwin Tinhof, Ernst Triebaumer (ET), and Robert Wenzel

Traisental is an Austrian wine region with a rich history spanning over 500 years! The vineyards cover more than 1,500 acres. With over 50 vineyards contributing to the production of over 10 million bottles of wine, Traisental has established itself as a prominent wine-producing area.Visitors to Austria can explore the charming small towns within Traisental, such as Traismauer, which offer captivating glimpses into the rich history of the region.Ditch the crowds and raise a glass in Austria's Traisen Valley! Wine lovers will find a historic paradise (dating back to the Bronze Age!), with unique terroir shaping delicious grapes. Grüner Veltliner reigns supreme, while Riesling thrives on specific soils, known for its robust character. The Traisental DAC ensures quality, and charming villages add to the allure. This valley beckons outdoor enthusiasts and culture seekers too – a place where stunning scenery meets delicious wines and unexpected discoveries! Table of contents The Traisen ValleyTerroir in the Traisen valley: soil and climateGrape varieties in TraisentalTraisental DACWineries in TraisentalConclusion : Traisental wineThe Traisen ValleyThe Traisen Valley is a popular tourist destination for wine lovers, hikers, cyclists, and those seeking cultural experiences. The discovery of grape seeds dating back to the early Bronze Age which confirms the region's long-standing winemaking tradition. It came before the Roman!Terroir in the Traisen valley: soil and climateThe most striking geological feature in the Traisental region is the coarse limestone and dolomitic gravel brought by the ancient Traisen River carried here approximately 16 million years ago from the Alps.These gravels are mainly consolidated into conglomerates and extend particularly on the heights of the western slopes of the valley. Such soils add a significant level of freshness to the winesOn the right side of the valley, the soil is referred to as the 'Traisental Formation.'. These are limestone sands, more or less loamy and sometimes slightly solidified, in which the marine shell 'Oncophora' is abundant.Compared to Kamptal and Kremstal, Traisental receives relatively higher rainfall. However, the winds blow in a northward direction up the valley from the Alps, aiding in the drying process of the grapes after rainfall.To avoid frost and botrytis, vineyards are often trained at higher elevations. Fortunately, the constant breeze in the region prevents the development of botrytis.However, just like their neighbours, the two sisters, Kamptal and Kremstal, they are influenced by both the hot Pannonian climate and the cold winds from the Alps. This results in hot days and cool nights, creating delicate aromas and a spicy finesse in the wines.The nearby regional capital of Lower Austria, St. Pölten, offers a diverse and modern cultural program. From this southernmost point of the wine-growing area, many paths lead to idyllic wine villages with typical farm inns, such as Statzendorf, Unterwölbling, Oberwölbling, Nußdorf, Reichersdorf, Getzersdorf, Inzersdorf, Stollhofen, Frauendorf, and Gemeinlebarn.Grape varieties in TraisentalThe big winner here is Grüner Veltliner as dominant as in Traisental. It accounts for nearly 60% of the vineyards!However, Riesling is also considered a specialty of the Traisen Valley. The vineyards are mainly located on small terraces with dry, highly calcareous, and gravelly soils.These soils give the wines a unique mineral profile with a robust body and a solid foundation for aging.Traisental DACTraisental adopted its DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) classification in 2006, adhering to the same regulations as Kremstal and Kamptal.Wineries in TraisentalHere are a few of my favourite wineries in Traisental!Leopold Figl took over winemaking duties in 2012 after working at Stadt Krems in Kremstal. He specializes in Grüner Veltliner as well, and his vineyards have sandy loess soils, resulting in full-bodied wines with higher alcohol content. His sparkling is quite a treat!Markus Huber, on the other hand, took over the estate in 1999 when it was a mere 5 hectares. Since then, he has expanded it to 55 hectares, spread across more than a hundred plots. His top wines receive minimal skin contact, undergo fermentation in neutral Austrian acacia casks, and age on lees for 9 months.Ludwig Neumayer runs a top-notch estate and comes from a traditional family farming background. Despite being a small winery, they produce many wines that are of exceptional quality. Neumayer is particularly renowned for two wines: 'Wein vom Stein,' a blend sourced from different sites sharing extremely stony soils, and 'IKON,' a selection from the estate's best parcels known for their impressive aging potential.Conclusion : Traisental wineThe Traisen Valley in Austria is a popular destination for wine enthusiasts, nature lovers, and those interested in culture. With a winemaking tradition dating back to ancient times, the region is characterized by various soil types.The dominant grape variety is Grüner Veltliner, accompanied by notable Riesling production.The establishment of the DAC classification in 2006 aligns Traisental with Kremstal and Kamptal in terms of regulations.Several exceptional wineries operate in the region, including those led by Leopold Figl, Markus Huber, and Ludwig Neumayer.Leave a comment if you're interested in tasting such wines!

Burgenland's terroir encompasses a wide range of wine styles, with notable sweet wines crafted around the lake thanks to shallow waters, autumn mists, and the presence of noble rot. The slopes of Leithaberg, Eisenberg, and Mittelburgenland, characterized by limestone, clay, and schist soils, create ideal conditions for the production of red wines, offering excellent water retention and drainage.The implementation of the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) system in Burgenland has brought about regional distinctions, dividing the area into Leithaberg, Neusiedlersee, Mittelburgenland, Eisenberg, and Rosalia. While Eiswein is produced near the lake, the finest examples often come from the Weinviertel region, as well as Germany and Canada.Each region within Burgenland has unique characteristics that contribute to the production of diverse wines. Mount Eisenberg, for instance, provides optimal conditions for producing elegant Blaufränkisch wines. The Mittelburgenland area and the northern part of Rosalia yield exceptional Blaufränkisch wines known for their depth and length. The eastern slopes of the Leitha mountain offer a terroir suitable for complex white wines and Blaufränkisch. The Seewinkel area benefits from a special microclimate and is renowned for its sweet wines, particularly those made from Welschriesling.The Rosalia wine region in Austria, despite being officially established in 2018, boasts a rich winemaking history dating back over 2,500 years. Known for its full-bodied red wines and fruity rosés, the region benefits from a unique terroir. The Pannonian climate and young, mineral-rich soils, remnants of an ancient sea, create ideal conditions for grape growing. Rosalia's diverse soils, ranging from gravelly to calcareous, contribute to the distinct character of its wines. The dominant grape variety is Blaufränkisch (60% of vineyards), known for producing robust reds with fruity and spicy notes. Rosé wines, often made with Blaufränkisch, are another specialty, offering a refreshing and fruit-forward profile. The Rosalia DAC classification ensures quality standards and reflects the region's unique identity. Table of contents Rosalia overall presentationTerroir of Rosalia: climate and soilGrape varieties in RosaliaRosalia DACWineries in RosaliaConclusion : Rosalia winesRosalia overall presentation'Migrated' in 2018 from a major climate zone to a wine-growing area, the Rosalia region has a long-standing tradition of wine production. Over 2,500 years ago, the Celts recognized the potential of this region for vine cultivation.Currently, 297 hectares of agricultural land are dedicated to vineyards, primarily producing full-bodied and spicy red wines, as well as fruity and refined rosé wines.Furthermore, the Rosalia region has significant tourism potential due to its vast natural areas, including the Rosalia-Kogelberg Nature Park, rare fruit cultivation such as strawberries and chestnuts, and its proximity to the regional capital, Eisenstadt.Terroir of Rosalia: climate and soilThe combination of the Pannonian climate and geologically young sediments from a prehistoric sea creates favorable conditions for viticulture.The southwest part of the region consists of crystalline rocks, followed by progressively younger Neogene sediments from the Vienna Basin towards the northeast. The sequence begins with coarse blocks in a sandy and clayey binder, covered by gravelly sandy and clayey sands.These formations serve as the foundation for vineyards in the south and west of Mattersburg and near Draßburg. The lower-lying areas of Walbersdorf, Marzer Kogel, and Schattendorf are also situated on these sediments, remnants of an ancient sea where waves once crashed against the foothills of the Rosalia range 16 to 12 million years ago.Towards the north and northeast, there is a band of relatively newer predominantly sandy sediments, followed by even younger sandy sediments that correspond to the deposits left by the ancient Pannonian Lake. In these areas, the vineyards of Pöttelsdorf, Sigleß, Bad Sauerbrunn, and the northern vineyards of Antau thrive.Gravel-dominated vineyard soils are rare, except in the vicinity of Neudörfl and Baumgarten.In the vineyards of southern crus, there is an alternating presence of slightly calcareous and calcareous soils, while those of central and northern crus are predominantly composed of highly calcareous soils.Grape varieties in RosaliaThe Blaufränkisch grape undoubtedly occupies the first position among the cultivated grape varieties, covering 60% of the vineyard area, followed by Zweigelt. The heavy soils yield robust wines with typical fruity, spicy, and fine notes of the region. In addition to red wine, rosé wines also play an important role.Rosalia DACRosalia, established in 2018, is essentially the southwest extension of the Leithaberg region.The wines can be produced not only from the main grape varieties of the region but also from other common red grape varieties, as long as they are permitted for the production of Qualitätswein. The resulting Rosalia DAC Rosé wine is fruity, fresh, and spicy, representing the typical characteristics of the area.Wineries in RosaliaHere are the wineries recommended by Falstaff:Weingut MigsichDomaine PöttelsdorfWeingut PiribauerWeingut Alfred FischerWeingut LasslWeingut JbNWeingut WaldherrWeingut DöllerWeingut Franz SteigerVinum RosaliConclusion : Rosalia winesThe Rosalia region, which underwent a transformation in 2018 to become a wine-growing area, has a rich history of winemaking dating back over 2,500 years. With 297 hectares of vineyards, it primarily produces full-bodied red wines and fruity rosés. The terroir, characterized by a Pannonian climate and young sedimentary soils from a prehistoric sea, provides favorable conditions for viticulture.The region's geological composition consists of crystalline rocks in the southwest, followed by progressively younger Neogene sediments towards the northeast. These formations support vineyards in various areas, while the northern parts feature predominantly sandy sediments left by the ancient Pannonian Lake. Different soil types, ranging from gravel-dominated to slightly and highly calcareous, contribute to the unique characteristics of the wines.The Blaufränkisch grape is the leading variety in the region, covering 60% of the vineyard area, followed by Zweigelt. The heavy soils contribute to the production of robust wines with distinct fruity and spicy notes. Rosé wines also play an important role in the region.As part of the Rosalia DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) classification, the wines can be produced not only from the main grape varieties but also from other permitted red grape varieties. The resulting Rosalia DAC Rosé wine is known for its fruity, fresh, and spicy profile, reflecting the region's typical characteristics.Some recommended wineries in the region, according to Falstaff, include Weingut Migsich, Domaine Pöttelsdorf, Weingut Piribauer, Weingut Alfred Fischer, Weingut Lassl, Weingut JbN, Weingut Waldherr, Weingut Döller, Weingut Franz Steiger, and Vinum Rosali.

Find out from a wine expert the difference between Riesling vs Gewurztraminer, including aromas, flavors, regions, and food pairings.

Steiermark, which is also known as Styria, is a picturesque wine region in Austria renowned for its exquisite grape varieties that are fresh, vibrant, and elegant. Spanning across 4,630 hectares of vineyards, the majority of which are situated in the southern part of the region, Steiermark offers a unique and unparalleled selection of wines across its three distinct wine zones: Vulkanland, Weststeiermark, and Südsteiermark.The viticultural history of Steiermark is deeply rooted, with evidence of grape cultivation tracing back to ancient times, including the eras of the Celts and Romans. However, the region experienced setbacks during the 16th and 17th centuries due to wars and plagues, leading to a decline in viticulture. It was not until the 1840s that Archduke Johann revitalized winemaking in Steiermark by establishing a research institute.So let's dive in the first sub-region : Vulkanland!Volcanic soils and sunshine define Austria's Vulkanland region. This area is known for its charming villages and authentic experiences. The warmer climate here ripens grapes earlier, resulting in richer wines with slightly less intense aromas. Basalt soils, especially around the famous village of Klöch, are ideal for grape growing. Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) and Welschriesling are the main players, with Chardonnay, Müller-Thurgau, Sauvignon Blanc, and Zweigelt also present. Top wineries like Krispel and Neumeister showcase the potential of Vulkanland, with Krispel excelling in single-vineyard volcanic wines and Neumeister impressing with their Sauvignon Blanc and aged Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris). Table of contents Vulkanland overall presentationTerroir of VulkanlandGrapes varieties in VulkanlandVulkanland DACWineries in VulkanlandConclusion : Vulkanland Steiermark winesVulkanland overall presentationVulkanland literally means 'volcanic land'. This region is one of Austria's most authentic tourist destination. If you're into hiking you will find remarkable themed hiking trails (with excellent signage). Stop at one of the farm inns along the way, they are always welcoming and will invite you to taste, not only the wines of course, but also the famous Styrian pumpkin seed oil!For centuries, this region has been a highly disputed border area, as evidenced by numerous castles and fortresses perched on high basalt cliffs. Today, these borders have disappeared, and castles like Riegersburg and Schloss Kapfenstein host peaceful cultural and culinary events.Now, four wine routes lie in this idyllic hilly landscape, and the Styrian wine archive in St. Anna am Aigen provides an excellent overview of Styrian wine production.Among the tourist destinations are the thermal towns along the volcanic fault line.Terroir of VulkanlandThe soils in Vulkanland are a combination of basalt and sedimentary soils composed of gravel and limestone. The lower Styrian volcanic region hosts extinct volcanoes, which is a unique feature in Austria, although less than 10% of the vineyards lie on such soils.The landscape has been covered by ancient and more recent volcanic activity, resulting in red trachyandesite, hard black basalt, porous basaltic scoria, solidified ash tuffs from explosive eruptions, and fine sediments from crater lakes.In the upper part, from the south to the east of the Joglland area near Hartberg, most vineyards lie on hard crystalline rocks of the Austro-Alpine region, ie gneiss, and micashists.Further south, the soil is mostly composed of loose and varied rocks, often sandy and gravelly.These unique geological conditions give birth to wines that are fine and have a mineral spicy taste.Thanks to its slightly warmer climate and the influence of the Pannonian plains, the grapes in Vulkanland ripen earlier, resulting in richer wines with slightly less pronounced aromatics.Among the villages in the region, Klöch stands out as the most famous. Its basalt soils warm up quickly during summer and retain heat, creating optimal conditions for grape growth and contributing to the exceptional quality of the wines produced there.The other main wine-growing municipalities include Bad Radkersburg, Feldbach, Gleisdorf, Hartberg, Kapfenstein, Riegersburg, St. Peter, Straden, Tieschen, and Weiz.In the north, on Mount Ringkogel near Hartberg, vineyards stretch up to an altitude of 650 meters above sea level, making them some of the highest vineyards in Austria.Grapes varieties in VulkanlandThe Vulkanland region has 1524 hectares of vineyards, where a variety of grape varieties thrive.The main grapes cultivated here are Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) and Welschriesling, known for producing high-quality wines. Additionally, Chardonnay, Müller-Thurgau, and Sauvignon Blanc can also be found in the vineyards.Another prominent grape in the region is Zweigelt, with 190 hectares dedicated to its cultivation.Vulkanland DACAll these grape varieties form the foundation of Vulkanland Steiermark DAC.However, ror Ortsweine (local wines), specific main grape varieties are gradually defined depending on the region:Oststeiermark: Sauvignon Blanc, WeissburgunderRiegersburg: Sauvignon Blanc, WeissburgunderKapfenstein: Sauvignon Blanc, WeissburgunderSankt Anna: Sauvignon Blanc, WeissburgunderTieschen: Sauvignon Blanc, Pinot cuvéesKlöch: Sauvignon Blanc, TraminerStraden: Sauvignon Blanc, GrauburgunderSankt Peter: Sauvignon Blanc, WeissburgunderWineries in VulkanlandNow to the wineries! I wasn't able to visit this region as much as I would've so please, feel free to complete (be sure I will during my next travels!)Krispel Winery is renowned for its exceptional wines, particularly from its two single vineyards, Hochstrandl and Neusetzberg, both characterized by volcanic soils. The wines produced by Krispel are consistently of high quality, displaying a distinct and stylish character.Neumeister Winery offers a unique and intriguing experience for visitors. The winery is ingeniously integrated into a hillside, and guests enter through a chimney... what for a dramatic entrance!Christoph Neumeister, the winemaker, believes that such an unconventional approach is necessary to attract visitors to a remote corner of Austria.Neumeister is particularly known for its excellent Sauvignon Blanc, which defies the stereotypes associated with the Südsteiermark region. However, the most important variety for Neumeister is Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris). Their 'Saziani' wine, made from 45-year-old vines, undergoes 18 months of aging in large casks, resulting in a truly remarkable expression of the grape.Conclusion : Vulkanland Steiermark winesVulkanland is a captivating region in Austria known for its volcanic landscapes and authentic tourist experiences. Its terroir is mostly a combination of basalt and sedimentary soils, including gravel and limestone. With a slightly warmer climate and the influence of the nearby Pannonian plains, grapes in Vulkanland ripen earlier, producing richer wines with slightly less pronounced aromatics.Klöch is the most famous village in the region, known for its basalt soils that warm up quickly during summer and retain heat, creating ideal conditions for grape cultivation.The main grape varieties in Vulkanland are Weissburgunder (Pinot Blanc) and Welschriesling, while Chardonnay, Müller-Thurgau, and Sauvignon Blanc are also grown. Zweigelt, a notable grape variety, covers 190 hectares of vineyards in the region.Two renowned wineries in Vulkanland are Krispel and Neumeister. Krispel is known for its exceptional wines, particularly from the Hochstrandl and Neusetzberg single vineyards, both with volcanic soils. Neumeister is celebrated for its excellent Sauvignon Blanc, challenging stereotypes associated with the Südsteiermark region. The winery's most important variety is Grauburgunder (Pinot Gris), with their 'Saziani' wine aged for 18 months in large casks, showcasing the remarkable expression of the grape from 45-year-old vines.

Our new grape infographic is out! Learn more about the Grüner Veltliner The Grüner Veltliner is a variety of white wine variety …

Austrian wines lean towards tart, herbaceous flavors in a style more akin to France. Find out what's hot and what wines are worth drinking from this tiny, high quality region.

In Niederösterreich, Wachau has two neighbors : Kremstal and Kamptal. However, both live in its shadow.This is sad because thee two regions are magnificent example of what Austria has to offer. But the good news is, these two regions offer great quality and attractive value for money!The two sisters, have shared a similar history.From vineyards replanted after World War II to the national scandal of 1985 (when a handful of winemakers, overwhelmed by high demand, adulterated their wines with antifreeze), and with the impetus of the Wine Marketing Board created immediately after the crisis, stringent quality standards were implemented, leading to the establishment of the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) appellations.Kremstal became a DAC in 2007, followed by Kamptal in 2008.So let's get to know sister n°1 : Kremstal!Kremstal is a wine region along the Danube River, near Krems. It has a rich wine tradition with historic farms, active winemakers, a cooperative, and a wine fair. The climate is influenced by the Danube and nearby forests, and the soil varies from rocky to loess. Riesling grows well on rocky soil, while Grüner Veltliner prefers loess. Kremstal is famous for its juicy and refined white wines, especially Grüner Veltliner and Riesling, as well as some Pinot Blancs and elegant reds. Since 2007, Kremstal wines must be made from either Riesling or Grüner Veltliner. Klassik wines have a minimum alcohol content and no oak flavor, while Reserve wines have higher alcohol content and may have subtle oak or botrytis flavors. Table of contents Kremstal overall presentationTerroir of Kremstal : Climate and SoilThe grape varieties in KremstalKremstal DACWineries in KremstalConclusion : Kremstal wineKremstal overall presentationKremstal stretches across the Danube, although to a lesser extent than Wachau. It mainly revolves around the historic riverside town of Krems.To the south of the Danube lie the communities of Furth, Palt, Krustetten, Hollenburg, Oberfucha, and Tiefenfucha, with the prominent presence of the Stift Göttweig collegiate church, established in 1072.While wandering through Krems, you'll find constant reminders about wine. Historical harvest farms stand as a testament to the significance of viticulture traditions.Today, you'll find a thriving community of young winemakers, an innovative wine cooperative, a modern viticulture school, and the organization of the renowned national wine fair of Lower Austria.Terroir of Kremstal : Climate and SoilJust like the Wachau, Kremstal benefits from the moderating influence of the Danube on its 2,368 hectares of vineyards. The vineyards are also influenced by nearby forests : Waldviertel ans DunkelsteinerwaldJust like the Wachau, there are two climatic influences : cool and humid influences from the nearby Waldviertel encounter dry and hot flows from the eastern Pannonian plains.Geologically, Kremstal is diverse. The area near Krems and its extension to the west, including Stein, has soils similar to those found in Wachau, with heavily weathered primary rock.Behind Krems, passing through Rohrendorf to Gedersdorf, the vineyards predominantly have loess soils, similar to those in Kamptal and Wagram. They generate a slightly rounder and denser type of Veltliner.In the northwest of Krems, around Seftenberg, the soils are mostly composed of primary rock. Gföhl gneiss predominates.South of the Danube, the soils vary and include sand, gravel, loess and granulite mostly. Granulite is a light-colored and very hard rock, belonging to the same family as Gföhl gneiss but occurring in tightly packed layers and plates.Among the loose rocks, carbonate loess dominates and forms multiple layers in some areas. It can cover both crystalline rocks and older gravel, sand, and clay sediments from molasses deposits and Danube terraces, which were deposited by either the sea or rivers.Only the lowest and flattest areas near the gravelly bed of the Danube valley do not have a layer of loess but rather a thin skin of flood sediments.The grape varieties in KremstalAbout a quarter of the vineyards in Kremstal are planted with red varieties, with Grüner Veltliner being the most dominant white grape variety. Riesling covers 260 hectares, while Zweigelt covers 307 hectares.The white wines are mostly juicy and refined white wines, especially Grüner Veltliner and Riesling, but also some Pinot Blancs. There are also elegant and expressive red wines.Riesling thrives on rocky gneiss soils near Krems, specifically in vineyards such as Pfaffenberg, Grillenparz, Kremsleiten, and Kögl.On the other hand, Grüner Veltliner is more at home on the loess soils of Sandgrube, Weinzielberg, and Gebling.Kremstal DACKremstal entered the DAC system a year earlier than Kamptal, in 2007. The regulations are identical, requiring wines to be produced from either Riesling or Grüner Veltliner grapes.The Klassik category must have a minimum alcohol content of 12% and show no oak influence.The Reserve category must have at least 13% alcohol and may exhibit discreet oak and/or botrytis aromas and flavors. The maximum permitted residual sugar in Reserve wines is 9 grams per liter.Wineries in KremstalLet me give you some recommendations on wineries you should visit I took from Stephen Brook's book :Joseph & Philipp Bründlmayer: Known for impeccable quality, aided by their possession of outstanding vineyards. They're one of my favourites!Buchegger: Considered one of the finest estates, Walter Buchegger took over the family estate near Gedersdorf and Rohrendorf in 1994. He supplemented his own vineyard's produce with purchased grapes for his basic wines.Geyerhof: Located on the south side of the Danube with varied soils. Known for keeping some wines in barrels for many years, such as the Grüner Veltliner Gutsreserve which spends six years on fine lees. Rieslings grown on primary rock soils deliver spice, minerality, and persistence.Malat: Most vineyards are located around the winery, ensuring a short time from vine to tanks. Farming practices are scrupulous, with short pruning, green harvesting, and selective picking aimed at reducing yields and increasing quality. White grapes are whole cluster pressed and fermented in steel tanks. They specialize in white wines made from late-picked grapes with up to 15g of residual sugar and high alcohol.Sepp Moser: Established in 1987 and converted to biodynamic farming since 2000. Fermentation is done with indigenous yeasts or the winery's own selection, without added enzymes or must concentration. White wines are aged mostly in tanks and casks from Austrian oak, while red wines are mostly aged in older barriques.Nigl: Martin Nigl took over the estate in 1990 and oversaw its expansion. Vineyards are scattered, with the most well-known being the 10ha Piri in Senftenberg. Nigl focuses on balance and fruit quality, avoiding botrytis influence. Their stylistic goal is to make wines of clarity and purity.Proidl: Similar to Nigl, Proidl chose the first-rate vineyard of Seftenberg. Wines are fermented with natural yeasts and require bottle age to reveal their quality.Salomon Undhof: The Salomon family managed to buy a monastic estate in 1792, which they still farm today. The winery is known for destemming all grapes, giving skin contact to Riesling, fermenting with selected yeasts, and aging wines on fine lees in casks.Stadt Krems: The vineyards have belonged to the city since 1452. Previously run by Miesbauer, the winery has a history of quality winemaking. Fritz Miesbauer, who used to work at Domäne Wachau, ended up here after a falling-out with his previous boss.Conclusion : Kremstal wineKremstal is a unique wine region located along the Danube, with a particular focus on the historic riverside of Krems. The area has a strong wine culture, evidenced by its historical farms, thriving winemakers, innovative cooperative, and wine fair.The climate in Kremstal is moderated by its proximity to the Danube and influenced by the nearby forests. The region's geology is diverse, with soils ranging from heavily weathered primary rock to loess and granulite. Riesling thrives on rocky gneiss soils, while Grüner Veltliner prefers loess soils.Kremstal produces juicy and refined white wines, particularly Grüner Veltliner and Riesling, along with some Pinot Blancs and elegant red wines.Kremstal entered the DAC system in 2007, with regulations similar to Kamptal, requiring wines to be produced from Riesling or Grüner Veltliner grapes. The Klassik wines have minimum alcohol content and no oak influence, while the Reserve wines have higher alcohol content and can exhibit discreet oak and/or botrytis characteristics.If you want to know all about its sister, go read my post on Kamptal!As an Amazon Associates I earn from qualifying purchases.

The Thermenregion wines' history goes back the Middle Ages. Notable designations of origin such as Gumpoldskirchen for white wines and Vöslau for red wines rime with exceptional quality.A significant turning point occurred in 1985 with the introduction of the new Austrian wine law, ushering in a new era for the region. Gumpoldskirchen and Bad Vöslau merged together to form Thermenregion, uniting their viticultural traditions and expertise.Concerning grape varieites, Thermenregion stands out as the birthplace of two distinctive Austrian grape varieties, Rotgipfler and Zierfandler.Sunshine, history, and delicious wines! The Thermenregion, south of Vienna, has been making wine for over 2,000 years. Think hot springs, 2,000+ hectares of vineyards, and unique grapes like Saint-Laurent and Zierfandler. They also grow classics like Grüner Veltliner and Pinot Noir. Looking for a great bottle? Check out wineries like Karl Alphart or Johanneshof Reinisch. Table of contents History of ThermenregionTerroir : soil and climateGrape varieties in ThermenregionThermenregion DACWineries in ThermenregionConclusion: Thermenregion wineHistory of ThermenregionFor over 2,000 years, vines have been cultivated in the favorable climate of the region south of Vienna. Roman legionnaires stationed in Carnuntum and Vindobona introduced vines from their home regions and their viticultural expertise to Pannonia.During the Middle Ages, viticulture flourished under the guidance of Cistercian monks. The establishment of vineyards and the character of the villages clearly illustrate the influence of the original Cîteaux monastery in Burgundy.The Thermenregion wine-growing area encompasses 2,181 hectares of vineyards. In the northern part, it is known as one of Austria's most renowned regions and takes its name from the village of Gumpoldskirchen, which used to enjoy a similar reputation to Rust or Tokaj.The designation as Thermenregion refers to the hot sulfurous springs of Aquae (Baden). Just south of Gumpoldskirchen are the spa towns of Baden and Bad Vöslau.Nature and culture offer a diverse range of leisure activities, such as visiting the Freigut Thallern estate belonging to the Cistercian collegiate church Stift Heiligenkreuz, one of Austria's oldest vineyards, the spa and cultural town of Baden with theater, operetta, wellness, or grape cure, wine route excursions to authentic farm inns, or hiking through vineyards along the mountain spring water pipeline from Vienna.Terroir : soil and climateIn terms of soils, limestone and fossil limestone are predominant, with bands of sandy loam or brown loam.The vineyards are not terraced but are planted on slopes, which makes them challenging to work but exposes the grape clusters to both morning and afternoon sun. Moreover, the lower slope deposits contain gravel and facilitate water drainage and warming.Around Tattendorf, the soils are alluvial and gravelly, with little topsoil but excellent drainage. They warm up quickly in hot weather but are cooled by the chilly winds flowing down from the Anninger hills at night. Frost can be a problem.ANECDOTE : Hannes Reinisch has a great solution for that... Well perhaps not environmentally speaking though. He tackles this by flying a helicopter over the vineyard every fifteen minutes, which raises the temperature by 2 degrees.Klosterneuberg owns the largest Saint-Laurent vineyard in Austria. One of the most celebrated vineyards is Frauenfeld, with alluvial stony soils rich in limestone and a topsoil of black earth, making it excellent for cultivating Saint-Laurent grapes.The hills provide protection from cold wet weather and hail, while the nearby Pannonian plain, extending into Hungary, has a strong influence, resulting in 1,800 to 2,000 hours of sunshine. The cool air from the hills helps preserve acidity in the wines.The major centers for red wine are the municipalities of Bad Vöslau, Sooß, Tattendorf, and Teesdorf, while classic white wines come from Perchtoldsdorf, Gumpoldskirchen, Pfaffstätten, Baden, Guntramsdorf, and Traiskirchen.Grape varieties in ThermenregionIn the area between Wiener Neustadt and Tattendorf, Saint-Laurent is widely grown. The gravelly plains around Tattendorf and the slopes around Gumpoldskirchen have distinct characteristics.The region's best varieties include Rotgipfler, known for its tropical fruit characters, and Zierfandler, which exhibits tension and the potential for noble rot. The BA (Beerenauslese) and TBA (Trockenbeerenauslese) wines from Gumpoldskirchen tend to have more acidity compared to those produced near Lake Neusiedl.Grüner Veltliner has largely taken over, which is unfortunate (I mean don't we have enough with the Wachau, Kamptal, Kremstal, Weinviertel?), although top producers have not given up on Rotgipfler and Zierfandler, with 128 hectares and 82 hectares respectively. These varieties are planted along the slopes of the Anninger hills at elevations ranging from 200 to 300 meters.In Steinfeld, poor gravel soils offer optimal conditions for red wine varieties. The typical regional white grape varieties, Zierfandler (Spätrot) and Rotgipfler, thrive here and are blended after harvest to form the legendary Spätrot-Rotgipfler blend.Among the traditional variety diversity are also Blauer Portugiese, formerly known as 'Vöslauer,' or Neuburger, as well as modern wines from the Pinot family (St. Laurent, Pinot Noir), along with Zweigelt, Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon.Thermenregion DACThermenregion finally earned its 'DAC title' on the 1st of June 2023. It is the 18th DAC which completes the family!Within the Thermenregion DAC, the pinnacle of quality is represented by Riedenwein, a single-vineyard wine that is made from grape varieties like Zierfandler, Rotgipfler, St. Laurent, Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, and Chardonnay.Occupying the middle tier of the DAC classification is Ortswein, also known as villages wine, which includes the aforementioned grape varieties as well as Pinot Gris and Zweigelt (Rotburger).The DAC villages within the Thermenregion encompass Perchtoldsdorf, Gumpoldskirchen, Tattendorf, Wiener Neustadt, and Bad Vöslau.Furthermore, the region offers regional wines labeled as Gebietswein Thermenregion DAC, which encompass the aforementioned grape varieties in addition to Neuburger, Gemischter Satz (a field blend), and Blauer Portugieser.Wineries in ThermenregionNow to the wineries!With a history dating back to 1796, the Karl Alphart estate offers an impressive range of excellent Rotgipfler wines. Their collection includes various cuvées from Rodauner, such as the 'Vom Berg,' which serves as their most basic offering. Additionally, their 'Top Selektion' is crafted from old vines, partially fermented and aged in 30% new oak, while their 'Pur' undergoes an aging process of 11 months in barriques and contains a minimum of 18 grams of residual sugar, although it is not produced every year. Their sparkling wine is great too!Biegler specializes in Rotgipfler and Zierfandler wines, typically featuring around 6 grams of residual sugar. The wines' acidity is kept sufficiently high to avoid any perception of excessive sweetness. Notably, their 2015 Zierfandler Badener Weg exhibits exceptional aging potential according to Stephen BrookKnown for its organic practices, Gebeshuber offers a top site for Zierfandler called 'Modler' and a standout site for Rotgipfler known as 'Laim.' These wines have a rich and full-bodied profile.Heinrich Hartl III's winery has a broad range of wines, with a particular passion for Rotgipfler and Pinot Noir. Their Classic and Reserve Saint Laurent wines are also highly regarded.Established in 1923, Johanneshof Reinisch faced tragedy when the father was killed in a vineyard accident in 2009. The winery now operates as an organic estate, with Hannes Reinisch leading the production. Their 13 hectares of vineyards in Gumpoldskirchen include Satzing, where Rotgipfler is planted, and Spiegel, known for its sandy rock soil suitable for Zierfandler. Both wines undergo skin contact and fermentation in old barrels. Their St. Laurent vines in Frauenfeld have an average age of 35 years and the wines are aged for 16 months in small barrels. The top Pinot Noir offering hails from the Holzspur vineyard, with vines dating back to 1975. Additionally, they employ a machine that blows away excess flowers after St. Laurent and top white varieties flower to reduce the number and size of bunches, ultimately reducing the need for green harvesting.Founded in 1778, Stadlmann is currently run by Johann Stadlmann and his son Bernhard, who previously worked at Domaine Jacques Prieur in Meursault. While only 18% of their wines are red, the family takes pride in their south-east facing Mandel-Höh vineyard in Gumpoldskirchen, which features 50-year-old Zierfandler vines planted on a hillock containing fossil limestone topped with shallow brown earth. It's great quality and they specialise in Zierfandler. I loved their Zierfandler TBA from Mandel-Höh.Conclusion: Thermenregion wineThe Thermenregion, located south of Vienna, has a rich history of viticulture dating back over 2,000 years.It takes its name from the hot sulfurous springs of Aquae (Baden) and has 2 181 hectares of vineyard.The Thermenregion is known for its grape varieties. Saint-Laurent is widely grown in the area, particularly around Tattendorf and Gumpoldskirchen. Other notable varieties include Rotgipfler, Zierfandler, Grüner Veltliner, and the Pinot family (St. Laurent, Pinot Noir).Several wineries in the Thermenregion produce outstanding wines. Karl Alphart, Biegler, Gebeshuber, Johanneshof Reinisch and Stadlmannare among the notable producers.So head off to this underrated region and book your wine tour! Or you can also do this in Vienna by booking this high-quality wine tasting in an old cellar at the heart of the city.

The Burgenland region has a rich assortment of wine styles, with a notable emphasis on producing extraordinary sweet wines in the vicinity of the lake. This is attributed to the shallow waters, autumnal mists, and the presence of noble rot, all of which create ideal conditions for these distinctive wines.Nonetheless, the slopes of Leithaberg, Eisenberg, and Mittelburgenland, characterized by diverse limestone, clay, and schist soils, offer exceptional terroir for the production of red wines, benefiting from optimal water retention and drainage.More specifically, Mount Eisenberg provides the perfect environment for crafting elegant Blaufränkisch wines.The introduction of the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) system in Burgenland has resulted in regional differentiation, leading to Leithaberg, Neusiedlersee, Mittelburgenland, Eisenberg, and Rosalia. While Eiswein (ice wine) is produced near the lake, the finest examples can be found in the Weinviertel region, as well as in Germany and Canada.Mittelburgenland, south of Lake Neusiedl near the Hungarian border, began producing red wines in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The warm air from the Pannonian plains creates perfect conditions for Blaufränkisch, the dominant grape variety, making up 55% of plantings. The region’s soils include clay, loam, limestone, gneiss, and schist, contributing to the powerful and structured wines. Mittelburgenland follows a three-tier DAC system, requiring at least 85% Blaufränkisch in DAC-labeled wines Table of contents Mittelburgenland overall presentationTerroir of Mittelburgenland : climate and soilGrapes of MittelburgenlandMittelburgenland DACWineries in MittelburgenlandConclusion : Mittelburgenland winesMittelburgenland overall presentationMittelburgenland lies south of Lake Neusiedl towards the Hungarian border.The first red wines in this region were produced in the late 1970s and early 1980s. The trigger for its significant growth has been and continues to be the Blaufränkisch grape variety, whose origin remains somewhat unclear.Apart from the wine, or to rest after a day of wine tasting, you can enjoy the popular Lutzmannsburg thermal baths for families.Terroir of Mittelburgenland : climate and soilThis sheltered region, protected to the west by the Bucklige Welt hills, to the north by the Sopron massif, and to the south by the Köszeg massif, benefits from the warm air that sweeps in from the nearby Pannonian plains, creating ideal conditions for the cultivation of Blaufränkisch.The area receives moderate rainfall, and the vineyards are nestled in the northern part, encompassing Neckenmarkt, Horitschon, and Deutschkreuz, while Lutzmannsburg is located in the southern region characterized by sandy loam soils.The vineyards are made of rich clay and loam soils, some of which contain limestone, providing a fertile foundation for grape growth.The heavy and deep clay soils of Mittelburgenland retain water exceptionally well, making them ideal for indigenous red grape varieties. Indeed, it brings power and structure to the wines.Some areas, particularly at higher altitudes, consist of gneiss, crystalline schists, and mica, while in lower-lying sections, limestone rocks can even be found.Lighter soils with sandy clays on a limestone substrate are also present.Two notable vineyards in the region are Hochäcker, known for its deep clay and silt overlaying gravel, and Dürrau, which boasts deep loam and clay soils enriched with iron content.Grapes of MittelburgenlandThe wine region spans across 2104 hectares, with Blaufränkisch accounting for 55% of the total planting. Alongside Blaufränkisch, varieties such as Zweigelt and Merlot thrive in these terroirs.Mittelburgenland DACThe region follows a three-tier DAC system since 2005, with Blaufränkisch being the dominant grape variety, requiring a minimum of 85% representation in wines labeled with the DAC designation.Wineries in MittelburgenlandNow, to the wineries (with a little help of Stephen Brook)Arachon is more than just a winery; it is a collaborative project between FX Pichler from the Wachau, Manfred Tement of Styria, and the late Tibor Szemes, a negociant from Burgenland. Under the guidance of winemaker Wolf Gregor, the aim of this venture is to produce high-quality wines in large quantities at affordable prices.Gager Winery focuses exclusively on red wines and employs manual harvesting techniques. Their goal is to create concentrated, powerful, and flavorful reds. Notable offerings include their new-oaked 'Gager' and 'Mitterberg' wines.Gager is mostly known for his popular blend 'Quattro,' consisting of Blaufränkisch, Zweigelt, Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon.Another standout wine is 'Tycoon,' a blend of Cabernet Sauvignon, Blaufränkisch, and Tannat, aged for 30 months in new oak.'Q2' is a blend of Blaufränkisch, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Syrah, aged in older barriques, resulting in a more juicy and vigorous character.Gesellmann Winery has a significant focus on Blaufränkisch, accounting for half of their production. Their 'Hochäcker' wines are delicious and offer cherry, blueberry, and occasional marzipan aromas.The celebrated 'Opus Eximium' (or 'Op' outside Austria) is produced from Blaufränkisch (60%), along with Zweigelt and St. Laurent, aged for 18 months in one-third old barriques. The wines are supple with their characteristic spiciness due to the grape varieties.Heinrich Winery, led by Silvia Heinrich, specializes in rich and boldly flavored red wines, with 80% of their production dedicated to Blaufränkisch. Their top wine, Goldberg Reserve, is superb, offering complex aromas of plums, bacon, and leather.K&K Kirnbauer, established in 1979, presents an exceptional Blaufränkisch called 'GOLD' (or Goldberg Reserve), while their 'Girmer' is produced from old vine Zweigelt aged for 18 months in oak sourced from their own woodlands. Their 'Forever' wine is a Bordeaux-style blend.Weninger Winery is an ardent advocate of biodynamic farming and has been a pioneer in both barrique aging and Cabernet Sauvignon production, which is reserved for exceptional vintages. They also have a vineyard and winery in Sopron, just across the Hungarian border, as part of a joint venture with Attila Gere of Villany. Weninger's principal Blaufränkisch wines include the excellent value 'Hochäcker,' the old-vine Kirchholz, and the well-balanced DürrauConclusion : Mittelburgenland winesThe first red wines from Mittelburgenland, located south of Lake Neusiedl near the Hungarian border, were produced in the late 1970s and the early 1980s. Indeed, its sheltered location and warm air from the nearby Pannonian plains, creates ideal conditions for Blaufränkisch.The terroir of Mittelburgenland is characterized by diverse soils, including clay, loam, limestone, gneiss, and schist. These soils contribute to the power and structure of the indigenous red grape varieties grown in the region. Blaufränkisch dominates the vineyards, accounting for 55% of the total planting, alongside other varieties such as Zweigelt and Merlot.Mittelburgenland follows a three-tier DAC system, with Blaufränkisch as the main grape variety, requiring a minimum representation of 85% in DAC-labeled wines. Several notable wineries in the region produce high-quality wines.Arachon is a collaborative project aiming to produce affordable yet premium wines. Gager Winery focuses on concentrated and flavorful reds, including their popular blend 'Quattro.' Gesellmann Winery specializes in Blaufränkisch, with their 'Opus Eximium' being highly regarded. Heinrich Winery produces rich and bold red wines, particularly their Goldberg Reserve. K&K Kirnbauer offers exceptional Blaufränkisch and Bordeaux-style blends. Weninger Winery advocates biodynamic farming and produces notable Blaufränkisch wines.

Austrian wines might be dominated by Niederösterreich’s vineyards of Grüner Veltliner, but for a small country, there’s a lot more to discover. Whether you’re looking to learn more about Vienna, Wachau or beyond, here's the guide to better acquaint you with the regions of Austria.

Carnuntum has a rich history dating back to the Roman period. So let's delve into that first.It first became significant during the early Julio-Claudian era when it was chosen as a defensive sector and home to Rome's 15th Legion due to its strategic location along the Danube. Emperor Claudius recognized its potential and established a military camp capable of accommodating 6,000 soldiers. Eventually, Carnuntum became the capital of the province of Upper Pannonia.In the second century, the city's importance grew further as the formidable 14th Legion was stationed there. This led to the expansion of a thriving civilian city at Carnuntum, making it one of the largest and most significant Roman cities in the region.In 308 AD, a crucial conference took place at Carnuntum among the four Emperors of the Tetrarchy. This conference resulted in the proclamation of an end to the persecution of Christians and a universal tolerance of religion throughout the Roman Empire, marking a significant moment in both Roman and world history.However, as the later Roman Empire faced increasing instability, Carnuntum's position on the border made it vulnerable to Barbarian Invasions. The city suffered extensive damage during this period and gradually fell into ruin as it was abandoned by its inhabitants.But let's get back to the wine part and talk about the wines of Carnuntum!Carnuntum isn't your average wine region. Established in 1993, it's a southern gem nestled near the Danube, just a stone's throw from Vienna. But ditch the flat plains – Carnuntum hass three distinct landscapes: the majestic Leitha Mountains, the charming Arbesthal Hills, and the rugged Hainburg Mountains. Feeling like a history buff? Explore nearby castles and archaeological sites, or soak up the cool vibes of nearby Bratislava, Slovakia. Now to the vineyards! Planted on diverse terrains with soils rich in sand, loam, loess, and gravel, they create the perfect playground for red grapes like Zweigelt and Blaufränkisch. Don't forget the iconic Grüner Veltliner for a refreshing white option. In 2019, the region got its DAC status. Table of contents Overall presentation of Carnuntum wine regionTerroir of Carnutum : soil and climateCarnuntum grape varietiesCarnuntum DACWineries in CarnuntumConclusion : Carnuntum winesOverall presentation of Carnuntum wine regionCarnuntum, a wine region carved out of Donauland in 1993, is located south of the Danube and east of Vienna. The vineyards cover three undulating landscapes: the Leitha Mountains, the Arbesthal Hills, and the Hainburg Mountains.The proximity to the lovingly reconstructed Marchfeld castles, the attractive archaeological park of Carnuntum, the Danube National Park, and the influence of the Slovakian capital, Bratislava, offer multiple opportunities to introduce visitors to the advantages of Carnuntum wines.If you like walks and wine, head to wine-growing communities such as Göttlesbrunn, Höflein, or Prellenkirchen, known for their numerous authentic Buschenschank (farm inns).Terroir of Carnutum : soil and climateThe vineyards in Carnuntum are planted on gently rolling slopes as well as plateaux.The soils vary, consisting of sand, loam, loess, and gravel, especially at higher elevations.Between the Leitha Mountains and the Hainburg Mountains, the vineyards are located on two different types of terrain.On one hand, they are situated on sediments from the Paratethys Sea and the Pannonian Lake. The marine and Pannonian deposits consist of sediments with varying carbonate content, ranging from loose, sandy, and marly or clay-loamy compositions, sometimes with gravel.On the other hand, in the Arbesthal Hills and the Prellenkirchen region, they are found on glacial terrace gravels corresponding to ancient Danube valley bottoms. The Danube terrace deposits consist of quartz-rich, sandy, and gravelly gravels. All of these deposits are covered by extensive layers of loess, which can be either dolomitic limestone loess or more clayey loess, often devoid of limestone.In the Hainburg Mountains, the deepest and hidden part consists of granite, which intruded into the existing gneiss and still supports the high-altitude vineyards of Berg. It underlies the Paleozoic carbonate rocks, forming cliffs above Hundsheim and the heights of Mount Spitzerberg.The region benefits from a similar number of sunshine hours as Burgenland, with the added cooling influences from the Weinviertel hills on the opposite side of the river. However, it does not enjoy the moderating effect of the nearby Neusiedlersee. Carnuntum experiences a variety of microclimates due to its local geography.Carnuntum grape varietiesWith a total of 906 hectares of vineyards on heavy clay and loess soils, as well as sandy and gravelly areas, red wine grape varieties thrive.The most important and widespread is Zweigelt, followed by Blaufränkisch.One unique feature of Carnuntum is the Rubin Carnuntum style, which originated in 1992. Initially a blend of Zweigelt and Blaufränkisch, it has now evolved into a pure Zweigelt wine with a minimum alcohol content of 12.5%. These wines are aged for at least six months in barrels and are often best enjoyed when relatively young.You can get a very good one on WineExpress, from the Artner Weingut!Concerning white wines, Grüner Veltliner has the first place.Carnuntum DACIn 2019, Carnuntum finally obtained DAC status.In the three categories of Gebietswein, Ortswein, and Riedenwein, the red grape varieties Zweigelt and Blaufränkisch shine, along with Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, and Grüner Veltliner. The white wines are characterized by their structure and character.Wineries in CarnuntumLet me share some of my favourite wineries!Philippe Grassl is a leading winemaker in the region, known for producing top-quality red wines. One standout is his St Laurent Alte Reben, made from vines that date back to 1961. The 2015 vintage is particularly exceptional according to Stephen BrookAnother prominent winery is Gerhard Markowitsch, one of the three Markowitsch wineries in Göttlesbrunn. Their flagship red wine, Rosenberg, is a blend of 50% Zweigelt, 45% Merlot, and 5% Cabernet Sauvignon, aged in barriques.Dorli Muhr is passionate about Spitzberg and has produced impressive Syrah wines in 2011 and 2012 (according to Stephen Brook). Their Blaufränkisch is also highly regarded.Franz and Christine Netzl have created attractive wines, including the popular Rubin. Their range includes a classic 2012 St Laurent 'Selection,' an old-vine 2016 Zweigelt from the Haidacker site, and a balanced and elegant 2013 Syrah according to Stephen Brook.Pitnauer, a winery that has been in operation since 1973, is known for their standout wines such as Zwiegelt 'Bienenfresser' (named after the bee-eating bird) and the blend 'Franz Joseph.'Lastly, Trapl, founded in 2000, offers notable wines like the Blaufränkisch Stix Reserve and 'Spitzberg,' as well as wines from Prellenkirchen. These wineries showcase the diversity and quality of the wines produced in Carnuntum.Conclusion : Carnuntum winesCarnuntum is a vibrant wine region located south of the Danube and east of Vienna. It was established in 1993 and is known for its attractive red wines that combine fruitiness with elegance.The vineyards in Carnuntum benefit from diverse soils, including sand, loam, loess, and gravel, which contribute to the region's terroir and microclimates.The most important grape varieties in Carnuntum are Zweigelt and Blaufrankisch for red wines and Grüner Veltliner for white wines. The region is also known for its unique style called Rubin Carnuntum, a pure Zweigelt wine aged in barrels.Carnuntum has a growing number of notable wineries, including Philippe Grassl, Gerhard Markowitsch, Dorli Muhr, Franz and Christine Netzl, Pitnauer, and Trapl, each offering their own exceptional wines that showcase the diversity and quality of the region. With its captivating wines and rich cultural heritage, Carnuntum is an exciting destination for wine enthusiasts.

The Burgenland region has a diverse range of wine styles, with a particular focus on exceptional sweet wines produced around the lake. This is due to the presence of shallow water, autumn mists, and noble rot, creating favorable conditions for these unique wines.However, the slopes of Leithaberg, Eisenberg, and Mittelburgenland, characterized by limestone, clay, and schist soils, offer excellent terroir for red wine production, with optimal water retention and drainage.More specifically, Mount Eisenberg provides optimal conditions for the creation of elegant Blaufränkisch wines.The implementation of the DAC system in Burgenland led to regional distinctions, resulting in Leithaberg, Neusiedlersee, Mittelburgenland, Eisenberg, and Rosalia. While Eiswein is produced near the lake, the finest examples can be found in the Weinviertel region, as well as in Germany and Canada.Eisenberg is located in Südburgenland near the Hungarian border. The main grape variety is Blaufränkisch, whose flavour profile differs depending on the soil it is grown on. More precisely, the soils in Eisenberg impart spice notes to the wine. While white varieties are also cultivated, a unique specialty is the rare non-vinifera hybrid known as Uhudler. Table of contents Eisenberg overall presentationTerroir of Eisenberg : climate and soilGrapes in EisenbergEisenberg DACWineries in EisenbergConclusion : Eisenberg winesEisenberg overall presentationEisenberg, located in Südburgenland, is home to many top vineyards situated on the western side of the Hungarian border. The wine production in this region stretches from Rechnitz in the north, known for its production of white wine, through the villages of Deutsch-Schützen and Eisenberg, and continues south to Eberau and Heiligenbrunn.The Pannonian climate also plays a role here, but the landscape already has slight similarities to Styria.The Eisenberg mountain has great historical importance and is considered as the viticultural center of the region, along with the Deutsch Schützener Weinberg vineyard.One specialty in this area (around Heiligenbrunn and Moschendorf) is the Uhudler wine. The latter is made from non-grafted hybrids and present wild strawberry notes.Terroir of Eisenberg : climate and soilThe soils in Eisenberg are characterized by slate, quartz, and iron. This brings spiciness to the wines.Lower on the slopes, towards Deutsch Schützen, the soil contains more loam. There wines have a more robust and earthy flavor profile.In other parts of the region, the soil is predominantly sandy.The climate in Eisenberg tends to be cooler due to the lack of moderating influence from Neusiedlersee, although there is some warming influence from Hungary.Grapes in EisenbergThese soils give the main grape variety, Blaufränkisch, a rich and delicate character. The wines produced are authentic, indigenous, and often display great character and expression, perfectly reflecting the terroir, soil, and climate.This grape variety covers an area of 487 hectares.However, white grape varieties are not far behind. Indeed, 40% of the grapes grown in Eisenberg are white varieties. For example, around Rechnitz in the north and Moschendorf in the south, particularly fruity and fresh Welschriesling and Pinot Blanc wines are produced.One particular specialty of the region is the non-vinifera hybrid variety called Uhudler, which is scarce and primarily cultivated in Heiligenbrunn and Moschendorf.Eisenberg DACIn the past, the wine from Eisenberg was referred to as Eisenberger, named after the most renowned vineyard site.Consequently, when the DAC (Districtus Austriae Controllatus) was established in 2008 specifically for pure Blaufränkisch wines, it was aptly named Eisenberg.The previous regional name of Südburgenland has now been replaced by the DAC name, meaning that any wines not made solely from Blaufränkisch grapes must be labeled as Burgenland. However, the Eisenberg DAC encompasses the same vineyards as the former appellation.Wineries in EisenbergHereunder you will find some wineries recommended by Stephen Brook in his book Wines in Austria. Leave a comment if you wish to add any to the list!Groszer Wein, known for its exceptional Blaufränkisch wines, has two noteworthy single vineyards. The first is Saybritz, with 60-year-old vines, and the second is Kopfensteiner. The former, the most well-known wine of the two, exhibits a vibrant sour-cherry nose, a velvety texture, and a long, peppery finish, sourced from old vines.Jalits, a collaboration between Mathias Jalits and Paul Kerschbaum, offers a range of wines sourced from 47 parcels. Their DAC wine, made from young vines, is complemented by the Szapary Reserve, produced from vines up to 50 years old and aged for a year in older barriques.Diabas is a barrel selection of the finest Blaufränkisch, aged in 50% new oak. Their 'Steinberg' wine is a blend of Blaufränkisch, Zweigelt, Merlot, and Cabernet Sauvignon.Krutzler, with a property dating back to 1895, produces excellent Blaufränkisch wines. Their 'Perwolff' cuvée combines Blaufränkisch with a touch of Cabernet Sauvignon. Yields are limited to 35 hectoliters per hectare, and the wines are fermented in open-top vats before aging for 18 months in mostly new barriques and tonneaux.Schiefer and Domaines Kilger, a collaboration between Uwe Schiefer and Munich businessman Hans Kilger, offer wines with a more delicate style compared to robust Blaufränkisch wines. These wines do not exhibit the typical pepperiness found in other Blaufränkisch wines and are subject to the vintage effect.Conclusion : Eisenberg winesEisenberg, located in Südburgenland, is a wine region known for its top vineyards situated on the western side of the Hungarian border. The vineyards stretch from Rechnitz in the north to Eberau and Heiligenbrunn in the south, with Deutsch-Schützen and Eisenberg in between.The region is characterized by diverse soils, including slate, quartz, and iron, which add spiciness to the wines.Blaufränkisch is the dominant grape variety, and the wines reflect the terroir, showcasing authentic character and expression. The region also produces white varieties, and a specialty is the scarce non-vinifera hybrid variety called Uhudler.The Eisenberg DAC was established in 2008 for pure Blaufränkisch wines, and several notable wineries operate in the area, such as Groszer Wein, Jalits, Krutzler and Schiefer.

The Austrian Wine Marketing Board has announced a new three-tier quality hierarchy for the country’s sparkling wines as it seek to raise the profile of this style.

Move over Bordeaux, Chianti, and Napa Valley because Vienna takes the crown as the ultimate winemaking capital of the world! Surprising, right?According to Fritz Weininger, one of Vienna's esteemed winemakers, 'In Vienna, we don't just drink wine, we devour it!'The roots of Vienna's vineyards stretch back to the 12th century, possibly even earlier when everyone from the Celts to the Romans had a go at winemaking. But here's the juicy bit: back in the Middle Ages, Vienna's wine was so tart that Emperor Frederick III banned its consumption!Yet, believe it or not, that sour potion lives on in the very walls of the city's iconic Saint Stephen's Cathedral, where it was used as mortar. Talk about a taste of history!Fast forward to the 19th century, and Vienna faced a vineyard virus villain called phylloxera, but they fought back by planting American vines.Since then, Vienna has been flourishing with delightful wines!Vienna’s vineyards, which are within the city limit, have a significant economic role beyond tourism. They also contribute to the preservation of urban green spaces and, of course, producing top-tier wines. With roots dating back to the Middle Ages, areas like Nussberg, Kahlenberg, and Bisamberg have ideal terroir with well-drained soils and limestone content. Vienna's main grape varieties include Grüner Veltliner, Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Riesling, and Zweigelt. Vienna acquired its DAC in 2013 for its Gemischter Satz, a field blend wine. Table of contents Vienna overall presentationTerroir of Vienna : soil and climateGrape varieties in ViennaGemischer Satz DACWineries in ViennaConclusion : Wine in ViennaVienna overall presentationVineyards in Vienna? Often, when a capital city boasts about having vineyards, they are demonstration vineyards serving as tourist attractions in capital cities. But in Vienna, it's different.Here, the 637 hectares of vineyards are an important economic factor, contributing to the preservation of the urban green belt and the production of high-quality wines.In the late Middle Ages, the city walls of Vienna still contained vineyards, even in the current first district. Nowadays, the vineyards mostly extend to the outskirts of the capital.Since its rediscovery, the excellent Nussberg vineyard has magically attracted innovative young winemakers from all over the wine city, including those from parallel backgrounds.The allure of the Wiener Heuriger (wine tavern) remains strong, whether it's the year-round open 'noble' farm inns offering lavish buffets or the hidden Buschenschank taverns nestled in the vineyards, open only a few weeks per year, both attracting local and foreign visitors.And of course, there's also my favourite place in Vienna... But shhh! it's a secret adress! Head down to the end of this post to find out more.When it comes to authentic Heurigers, they are expected to serve only cold foods, complementing the wine-drinking experience. In Austria, the term 'Heurige' holds a dual meaning, referring to the newest wine on the list while also indicating wines intended for immediate consumption.ANECDOTE : Heuriger were created in the 18th century, by Marie-Thérèse and François-Joseph II, who sought to bring viticulture up to date. Specifically, on August 17, 1784, Josephinische Zirkularverordnung authorizes “to sell or serve at any time of the year the foods, wines and fruit wines produced by him, no matter how, at what time and at what price“. She has just created the famous Heuriger (or Buschenschank) that we know of today.Terroir of Vienna : soil and climateThe vineyards in Vienna are planted on slopes on both sides of the Danube.On one side, the Nussberg and Kahlenberg hills provide favorable conditions, while on the other side, Bisamberg offers well-drained sand and loam soils with a high limestone content.Indeed, the vineyards of Bisamberg, Döbling, Dornbach, and Ottakring extend over the hard rocks of Penninic flysch and embedded colored marls, as well as the neighboring marine sediments of the Neogene Vienna Basin. The flysch consists of limestone tuff or quartz-rich layers interspersed with marl and clay.The neighboring basin sediments locally consist of hard limestone rocks (Leitha limestone), but mainly loose rocks, often coarse, sandy, and gravelly, sometimes marly, and sedimented approximately 16 to 12 million years ago.The subsoil of the vineyards in Mauer and Kalksburg is also formed by neighboring sediments of the Vienna Basin, which, under the influence of rivers and gravel flows from the Wienerwald forest, formed sandy and gravelly conglomerates or consolidated breccias.The vineyards of Stammersdorf, Hungerberg, and Oberlaa spread across the terraces of ancient Danube beds composed of quartz-rich gravel covered with a clay layer and featuring a predominantly gravelly and sandy or fine-grained subsoil called 'Tegel.'The presence of wind aids in drying wet grapes quickly, contributing to the quality of the wines producedGrape varieties in ViennaOut of the 637 hectares of vineyards in Vienna, 500 hectares are dedicated to white varieties.Grüner Veltliner takes the lead with 178 hectares, followed by Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Riesling, and Zweigelt.Locations near Mount Bisamberg, north of the Danube, are cultivated by winemakers from Strebersdorf, Stammersdorf, and Jedlersdorf, and are ideal for Pinot varieties.From Ottakring to Hernals and up to Pötzleinsdorf, especially in the 19th district with the municipalities of Heiligenstadt, Nussdorf, Grinzing, Sievering, and Neustift am Walde, Riesling, Chardonnay, and Pinot Blanc dominate the list of grape varieties planted on varying limestone-rich soils.South of Vienna, in the communities of Rodaun, Mauer, and Oberlaa, the soils consist of rendzinas, brown soils, and black soils of the steppes, perfect for full-bodied white wines and rich red wine blends.All winemakers favor the traditional 'Gemischter Satz,' where the vineyard is planted with different white grape varieties that are then harvested and vinified together.Gemischer Satz DACGemischter Satz comes from a time when growers hesitated to plant single varieties due to the associated risks. This field blend wine is made by harvesting the entire vineyard at once, resulting in a balanced mix of slightly underripe, perfectly ripe, and somewhat overripe grapes.In 2013, Gemischter Satz played a significant role in the introduction of the new DAC classification system. To be labeled as Wiener Gemischter Satz DAC, the wine must meet specific criteria, including a blend of at least three varieties, with no single variety accounting for more than half of the blend.During early autumn, Austrians also indulge in 'Sturm,' a partially fermented must with residual grape sugar.Wineries in ViennaNow, to the wineries!Christ Winery, located on the Bisamberg, focuses on white wines, which make up 70% of their production. They prefer natural yeasts for fermentation and their red wines are unfiltered. Their signature wine, Wiener Gemischter Satz, is sourced from an old vineyard planted with Grüner Veltliner, Riesling, and Welschriesling.Their Grüner Veltliner are great, and their 'Vollmondwein,' made from Weissburgunder grown on a limestone plateau, is intriguing.For reds, their 'Mephisto' is predominantly crafted from old vine Zweigelt, with additions of Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon.Hajszan Neumann, now under the ownership of Fritz Wieninger, offers a range of natural wines. The estate's restaurant, Amador, provides an excellent dining experience. It's a Michelin starred restaurant!Their Wiener Gemischter Satz is superb, so are their Grüner Veltliner and Riesling from Steinberg.Mayer am Pfarrplatz, located near Beethoven's house, is one of Vienna's most famous Heurigens. The establishment was run by the family until 2007 when it was sold to Hans Schmid. The winery produces top-level Riesling from Nussberg and Preussen vineyards, as well as a special selection called 'Weisser Marmor' from Nussberg.Weininger, led by Fritz Weininger, has played a significant role in transforming Vienna's wine industry. The vineyards are divided between Bisamberg and Nussberg, and their best Grüner Veltliner comes from Herrenholz, Rosengartl, and Preussen vineyards.They have successfully revived the Gemischter Satz style. While their Grand Select wines can be slightly oaky for Chardonnay and Pinot Noir, you can confidently choose any bottle from their range, as these wines have excellent aging potential.Zahel Winery, founded in 1990, was one of the first in Vienna to bottle its wines. It is run by Alexander Zahel and his American wife. Unusually, half of their production is dedicated to red wines. Their standout offering is the barrique-aged blend called Antares, crafted from St. Laurent, Zweigelt, Cabernet Sauvignon, and Merlot.Conclusion : Wine in ViennaVienna's vineyards are not just mere tourist attractions but serve as an important economic factor, contributing to the preservation of the urban green belt and producing high-quality wines.The vineyards, mostly located on the outskirts of the capital, have a rich history dating back to the Middle Ages. The Nussberg and Kahlenberg hills on one side of the Danube and the Bisamberg on the other provide favorable terroir with well-drained soils and limestone content.Vienna's main grape varieties include Grüner Veltliner, Weissburgunder, Chardonnay, Riesling, and Zweigelt.If you're in Vienna, you should definitely get Gemischter Satz, a field blend wine, which became a DAC in 2013.Notable wineries in Vienna, such as Christ Winery, Hajszan Neumann, Mayer am Pfarrplatz, Wieninger, and Zahel, offer an array of white and red wines, showcasing their craftsmanship and passion for winemaking.And if you want to know about my secret adress, be sure to check this post out!

These grape varieties are rare in Australia. See who grows them and why?