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Nokia and Ericsson ADRs Tumble on a Slowdown in Demand for Telecom Equipment Check more at https://thisrecentlyhappened.com/nokia-and-ericsson-adrs-tumble-on-a-slowdown-in-demand-for-telecom-equipment/
Las acciones argentinas que cotizan en Nueva York extendieron el tono positivo del lunes y subieron hasta 15,2%. Los títulos públicos recortaron posiciones tras la fuerte alza de la jornada anterior
The hardest ADRs to score at WDW and why you should go elsewhere.
How to use ADRs to capture information about technical and process-related decisions for software development.
i'm going to order my cake soon! i'm really excited to celebrate our 10th anniversary at disney. we have dinner ADRs at cali grille and i'm hoping to order...
Walt Disney World WDW Trip Planning Vacation Planning Tips Disney Dining Fast Passes ADR ADRs Disney Restaurants Tricks and Tips getting hard to get Fast Passes and Advanced Dining Reservations at Walt Disney World
Walt Disney World has tons of restaurants & snack stands, and dining is part of the fun. In fact, the largest component of WDW vacation planning is dining–and it can also be the most satisfying. Beyond making “good” ADRs and deciding whether to buy the Disney Dining Plan, there are a lot of things that […]
There are a lot of “storylines” in Walt Disney World dining that were established years ago and persist today despite being questionable, at best, and downright untrue, at worst. The greatness of Le Cellier and ‘Ohana. The difficulty of scoring ADRs for Cinderella’s Royal Table. How the Disney Dining Plan has ruined the ambitiousness of […]
Nifty Futures is expected to open at 8123 according to SGX Nifty at 8:30 am IST, which is 23 points over its past close of 8100. Indian ADRs finished mostly lower on Wednesday. In the banking sector, ICICI Bank fell 5.40 percent at USD 7.71 and HDFC Bank shed 2.39 percent at USD 65.88. In…
When you think about it, how many ADRs do you make when you go to Disney? Five? Six? If you gave someone this "List of Eight", couldn't they make their visit to WDW a great culinary experience? Maybe we are helping people out! After all, if our friends are looking for recommendations, we're compiling a great…
Our Walt Disney World dining guide and restaurant reviews help you book the best ADRs, choose where to eat and where to avoid, find underrated restaurants, steer clear of overrated/overhyped food, and more. These resources cover themed dining, discounts offered, recommended dishes, and more. (Updated March 5, 2023.) With the ‘Free’ Disney Dining Card Discount at […]
アイアンと天然木との異素材を組み合わせた、ADRSのカーラユニットソファ シリーズをご紹介します。コーナー・1人掛け・オットマンを組み合わせることで様々なレイアウトが可能な、自由度が高いソファシリーズです。
Get the Kincrome K1968B - Contour Trolley Tool Kit - 454 Piece 60" 12 Drawer - Black and save. Features Dual Steel Side Handles "ADRS" Automatic Drawer Retention System 45mm Ball Bearing Drawer Slides Extra Long Top Drawer Internal Rear Drawer Locking System Stainless Steel Work Surface Colour Coded Heavy Duty Swivel Suspension Castors (2 x Lockable) Dual Side Folding Shelves with Magnetic Power Board 240V (4 Outlets & 2 USB) Extra Deep Design 5mm EVA Foam Drawer Liners Full Length Contoured Aluminium Drawer Grips UV Stabilised Powder Coating Specifications Automatic Drawer Retention System (ADRS): Yes Castor Size: 5" x 2" (125mm x 50mm) Castor Type: Heavy Duty Swivel Castors (2x Locking) Deep Sockets: Yes Drawer Load Rating: 40kg (Per Drawer), 70kg (Top Wide Drawer) Drawer Measurements: 121 x 397 x 56mm (Trolley - Small Shallow) 121 x 397 x 166mm (Trolley - Small Extra Deep) 1327 x 397 x 90mm (Trolley - Extra Wide) 544 x 397 x 85mm (Trolley - Large Deep) 544 x 397 x 56mm (Trolley - Large Shallow) 544 x 397 x 166mm (Trolley - Large Extra Deep) Drawer Slides Type: 45mm Ball Bearing Drive: 1/4", 3/8", 1/2" Extra Depth: Yes Finish: UV Stabilised Powder Coat Folding Trays: Yes Gear Spanners: Yes LOK-ON Impact Sockets Accessories: Yes LOK-ON Sockets Accessories: Yes Measurement System: Metric & Imperial Measurements: 1515 x 470 x 919mm Number Of Drawer Liners: 12 Number Of Drawers: 12 Number Of EVA Trays: 6 Pieces: 454 Power Board: Yes Range: CONTOUR Shelf Load Rating: 15kg (Per Shelf) Suits: CONTOUR® 60" Tool Hutch or Dual CONTOUR® 29" Tool Chests Super Wide: Yes Warranty: Lifetime Guarantee Work Surface: Stainless Steel Colour: Black Material: Various Materials Size: 60" Length (mm): 1515 Width (mm): 470 Height (mm): 919 Weight (kg): 192.27 Includes DRAWER 1 - EVA901T - 100 Piece LOK-ON™ Sockets & Accessories EVA Tray Metric Sockets 10 LOK-ON™ Sockets 1/4" Square Drive: 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13mm 14 LOK-ON™ Sockets 3/8" Square Drive: 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21mm 20 LOK-ON™ Sockets 1/2" Square Drive: 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 26, 27, 30, 32mm Imperial Sockets 9 LOK-ON™ Sockets 1/4" Square Drive: 3/16, 7/32, 1/4, 9/32, 5/16, 11/32, 3/8, 7/16, 1/2" 7 LOK-ON™ Sockets 3/8" Square Drive: 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 9/16, 5/8, 11/16, 3/4" 15 LOK-ON™ Sockets 1/2" Square Drive: 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 9/16, 5/8, 11/16, 3/4, 13/16, 7/8, 15/16, 1, 1.1/16, 1.1/8, 1.3/16, 1.1/4" Socket Accessories 6 1/4" Drive Socket Accessories: LOK-ON™ Reversible Ratchet Handle LOK-ON™ Flex Handle 150mm (6") LOK-ON™ Universal Joint LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 65mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 165mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 265mm 8 3/8" Drive Socket Accessories: LOK-ON™ Reversible Ratchet Handle LOK-ON™ Flex Handle 200mm (8") LOK-ON™ Universal Joint LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 70mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 175mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 275mm LOK-ON™ Socket Adaptor 3/8" Female x 1/4" Male LOK-ON™ Socket Adaptor 3/8" Female x 1/2" Male 11 1/2" Drive Socket Accessories: LOK-ON™ Reversible Ratchet Handle LOK-ON™ Flex Handle 375mm (15") LOK-ON™ Universal Joint LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 95mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 155mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 280mm LOK-ON™ Extension Bar 405mm LOK-ON™ Socket Adaptor 1/2" Female x 3/8" Male Spark Plug Socket 14mm (9/16") Spark Plug Socket 16mm (5/8") Spark Plug Socket 21mm (13/16") DRAWER 2 - EVA910T - 30 Piece Combination Spanners EVA Tray 17 Metric Combination Spanners: 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 24mm 13 Imperial Combination Spanners: 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 9/16, 5/8, 11/16, 3/4, 13/16, 7/8, 15/16, 1" DRAWER 3 - EVA917T - 115 Piece TorqueMaster® Screwdrivers & Fastening EVA Tray 9 TorqueMaster® Blade Screwdrivers: 3mm x 75mm, 4mm x 100mm, 5mm x 100mm, 5mm x 150mm, 6mm x 38mm, 6mm x 100mm, 6mm x 250mm, 8mm x 150mm, 9.5mm x 250mm 6 TorqueMaster® Phillips Screwdrivers: No.0 x 75mm, No.1 x 75mm, No.2 x 38mm, No.2 x 100mm, No.3 x 150mm TorqueMaster® Bit Holder Driver 6mm Hex Drive TorqueMaster® Bit Holder Coupler 1/4" Drive x 1/4" Hex TorqueMaster® Spinner Handle 1/4" Drive TorqueMaster® Magnetizer/De-Magnetizer 33 Piece Security Bit & Holder Set: 1/4"(F) x 1/4"(M) Magnetic Bit Holder 3 MORTORQ® Bits: #6, 8, 10 4 Spanner Bits: 4, 6, 8, 10mm 4 Tri-wing Bits: 1, 2, 3, 4 6 Metric Hexagonal Security Bits: 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6mm 6 Imperial Hexagonal Security Bits: 5/32, 9/64, 1/8, 7/64, 3/32, 5/64" 9 Tamperproof TORX® Bits: T8, T10, T15, T20, T25, T27, T30, T35, T40 14 Piece Impact Screwdriver Set: Impact Screwdriver Handle Blade Bits: 5, 6, 8, 10, 12mm Phillips Bits: #1, 2, 3, 4 Hex Bits: 4, 5, 6, 8mm 9 Piece Ratcheting Screwdriver Set: Ratcheting Screwdriver Handle (with internal bit storage) Blade: 4, 6mm Phillips: No.1, 2 Metric Hex: 3, 5mm 2 Interchangeable Bit Drivers: 50, 153mm 6 Piece Precision Screwdriver Set: Blade: 1.4, 2.0, 2.4, 3.0mm Phillips: No.0, 1 9 Piece Metric Ball Point Long Series Hex Key Set: 1.5 x 14 x 90mm, 2.0 x 16 x 100mm, 2.5 x 18 x 112mm, 3.0 x 20 x 126mm, 4.0 x 25 x 140mm, 5.0 x 28 x 160mm, 6.0 x 32 x 180mm, 8.0 x 36 x 200mm, 10.0 x
Se mueven grandes del retail de América Latina - EL COLOMBIANO Se mueven grandes del retail de América Latina CENTROAMÉRICA COLOMBIA ECONOMÍA EMPRESAS SURAMÉRICA POR JUAN FELIPE SIERRA SUÁREZ | PUBLICADO HACE 34 MINUTOS Infografía 3.864 millones de dólares fueron las ventas del Grupo Éxito durante 2014, sumando Colombia y Uruguay. EN DEFINITIVA Grupo Éxito queda ahora como el segundo jugador de retail más importante de América Latina en volumen de ventas. El mapa del comercio minorista se reconfigura con un nuevo protagonista. El mercado accionario colombiano no ha digerido del todo la maniobra de adquisición del 50 por ciento del capital accionario de la sociedad francesa Ségisor (propiedad de Casino), que controla indirectamente el 99,9 por ciento de las acciones con derecho de voto de la Compañía Brasileira de Distribución (GPA), el mayor retailer de Brasil en las categorías de alimentos, muebles y electrodomésticos, además de ser el segundo en autoservicio mayorista y comercio electrónico. Lo particular es que una vez conocida la noticia, la acción del Éxito en la Bolsa de Valores de Colombia retrocedió un 18 por ciento en solo tres días, aunque cerró el pasado jueves en 19.500 pesos, que significaron una reducción de la pérdida hasta el 15 por ciento, pero negativo al fin y al cabo. Analistas consultados para profundizar en el significado de la inversión de 1.826 millones de dólares que hará el Éxito, explicaron que la operación se entiende como un esfuerzo que hace Casino por aumentar sus ahorros y generar más efectivo, al quedar en cabeza de otra de sus filiales (Grupo Éxito) la dinámica comercial en Brasil y Argentina. Además, le significará una reducción de la deuda del grupo francés, que a junio de 2015 era de 8.500 millones de euros (unos 9.288 millones de dólares). “La reorganización en América Latina debería ser un gran catalizador para las acciones de Casino, optimizando finalmente el efectivo internacional”, escribieron en una nota analistas de Bernstein, citados por Reuters. No obstante, todo deberá contar con el visto bueno de los accionistas del Grupo Éxito que se reunirán en asamblea extraordinaria el próximo 18 de agosto. Sin embargo, el presidente del Grupo Éxito, Carlos Mario Giraldo, le explicó a EL COLOMBIANO que es normal que el mercado se tarde en digerir esta adquisición, reconociendo que Brasil es “un país poderoso que pronto volverá a ser motor de crecimiento regional, por lo que requerirá trabajar por las sinergias entre Éxito Colombia, Argentina, Uruguay y Brasil, en nuevos formatos, en productividad y estrategias de crecimiento y de reducción de costos, que deben producir un beneficio recurrente durante los próximos 4 años”. La Presidencia del Éxito espera que el mercado valores confíe en esta apuesta porque ya se ha dado en el pasado con otras transacciones, donde posterior a la maniobra, termina entendiendo el reto. “Sin duda es una operación estratégica para el Éxito en el mediano y largo plazo, porque le da a la Compañía un ingreso al mercado más fuerte de Suramérica (Brasil), con 2.143 almacenes físicos en 2,8 millones de metros cuadrados, 60 centros de distribución, 160.000 empleados, 643 millones de transacciones al año y con un desarrollo de comercio electrónico importante, la segunda más importante de Suramérica”. Perspectivas Orlando Santiago, gerente de Fénix Valor dice que el mercado de Colombia percibe que la adquisición como tal del Éxito en Argentina y Brasil es una buena noticia pero tiene dudas. “Lo que no se vio bien fue el momento de elegir para dar la noticia. Por un lado, Casino sale de unas compañías que no están bien, con menores expectativas de crecimiento. Tampoco fue buen momento para la transacción porque es en dólares, un 30 por ciento por encima por la actual tasa de cambio”. Por su parte, el director de Investigaciones Económicas de Fenalco Nacional,Rafael España, celebró esta inversión porque es “reflejo de la globalización, de la apertura de fronteras que se ha dado en el mundo. Es claro que el mundo de los negocios está cambiando, con ejecutivos más internacionales que han sabido trascender la visión parroquial de antes. Por eso ahora es más común el ingreso de nuevos jugadores internacionales, diferente a cuando llegó Carrefour a Colombia en 1998”. Además, reiteró España que el comercio minorista colombiano no tiene nada que envidiarle a los países desarrollados y por esos las puertas del país están abiertas para nuevas movidas. De hecho con esta transacción entre Éxito y GPA queda el conglomerado colombo francés como el segundo jugador de retail (comercio minorista) más importante de América Latina. “Tal es la fuerza de Colombia, que en 2012 estuvieron explorando ideas de inversión en el país un grupo de portugueses y se dieron cuenta de la fortaleza del mercado nacional. Hoy ya tienen hoteles incluso, se trata de Jerónimo Martins la cadena de tiendas con más de 200 años de historia y ya tienen 35 tiendas en el Eje Cafetero y se expanden al norte del país”, añadió el director de Investigaciones Económicas de Fenalco. Pero lo bueno del mercado colombiano es que no solo ofrece oportunidades para la inversión extranjera, también para los mismos colombianos, como ocurre con las tiendas D1 que con franquicias registró en los últimos tres años unas ventas de 500.000 millones de pesos. También se aprecian más centros comerciales de gran tamaño, mejor gastronomía, entre otros. Escalafón latinoamericano Según el portal Business Review, Walmart de México y Centroamérica es la primer cadena de tiendas en la región con ventas anuales de 32.494 millones de dólares, con cifras a diciembre de 2014. No obstante, la cadena presentó una notoria disminución de sus ganancias netas en el segundo trimestre de 2015, al pasar de 10.418 millones de pesos mexicanos a 6.811 millones (421 millones de dólares) que le significaron una caída de 34,6 por ciento, mientras que en el período acumulado de enero a junio de 2015, la utilidad neta también presentó una merma de 21 por ciento. Se puede decir que Éxito-GPA queda ahora con ingresos anuales de unos 28.507 millones de dólares en el segundo lugar de la región. El tercer lugar es para Cencosud con ventas por 19.743,9 millones de dólares y en el cuarto lugar Carrefour Brasil con 14.519,2 millones de dólares. Via Varejo de Brasil es la primer tienda en tamaño que opera solo en un país, al registrar ventas por 9.287,1 millones de dólares, que la ubican en el séptimo lugar del ránquin regional. Le sigue la Organización Soriana de México con 8.032,5 millones de dólares al año. En el segundo trimestre de 2015 registró ventas por 26.949 millones de pesos mexicanos (1.667 millones de dólares ). CONTEXTO DE LA NOTICIA RADIOGRAFÍAESTRUCTURA DEL NUEVO NEGOCIO Companhia Brasileira de Distribuicao (GPA) el mayor retailer de Brasil en las categorías de alimentos, muebles y electrodomésticos y el segundo en cash & carry y comercio electrónico. Desarrolla su operación a través de las marcas Pao de Azúcar, Extra Supermercado, Ponto Frio, Casa Bahia y Assaí, entre otras. GPA tiene sus acciones listadas en la Bolsa de Valores de Sao Paulo y en la Bolsa de Valores de Nueva York, a través de ADRs. Rothschild & Cie fue el asesor financiero común de Éxito y de Casino. Separadamente, Bank of America Merrill Lynch actuó como asesor independiente para Éxito y emitió una opinión positiva para la adquisición que le brinda tranquilidad a los accionistas. JUAN FELIPE SIERRA SUÁREZ Contactar Periodista de Economía y Negocios. Amante de la vida, con una familia que inspira a esforzarse todos los días a hacer mejor las cosas, una de ellas el periodismo. Egresado de la UPB.
ated by: 1. The National Council of State Boards of Nursing 2. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration 3. The State Board of Nursing for each state 4. The State Board of Pharmacy 2. The benefits to the patient of having an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN) prescriber include: 1. Nurses know more about Pharmacology than other prescribers because they take it both in their basic nursing program and in their APRN program. 2. Nurses care for the patient from a holistic approach and include the patient in decision making regarding their care. 3. APRNs are less likely to prescribe narcotics and other controlled substances. 4. APRNs are able to prescribe independently in all states, whereas a physician’s assistant needs to have a physician supervising their practice. 3. Clinical judgment in prescribing includes: 1. Factoring in the cost to the patient of the medication prescribed 2. Always prescribing the newest medication available for the disease process 3. Handing out drug samples to poor patients 4. Prescribing all generic medications to cut costs 4. Criteria for choosing an effective drug for a disorder include: 1. Asking the patient what drug they think would work best for them 2. Consulting nationally recognized guidelines for disease management 3. Prescribing medications that are available as samples before writing a prescription 4. Following U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration guidelines for prescribing 5. Nurse practitioner practice may thrive under health-care reform because of: 1. The demonstrated ability of nurse practitioners to control costs and improve patient outcomes 2. The fact that nurse practitioners will be able to practice independently 3. The fact that nurse practitioners will have full reimbursement under health-care reform 4. The ability to shift accountability for Medicaid to the state level Chapter 1. The Role of the Nurse Practitioner Answer Section MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. ANS: 3 PTS: 1 2. ANS: 2 PTS: 1 3. ANS: 1 PTS: 1 4. ANS: 2 PTS: 1 5. ANS: 1 PTS: 1 Chapter 2. Review of Basic Principles of Pharmacology Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A patient’s nutritional intake and laboratory results reflect hypoalbuminemia. This is critical to prescribing because: 1. Distribution of drugs to target tissue may be affected. 2. The solubility of the drug will not match the site of absorption. 3. There will be less free drug available to generate an effect. 4. Drugs bound to albumin are readily excreted by the kidneys. 2. Drugs that have a significant first-pass effect: 1. Must be given by the enteral (oral) route only 2. Bypass the hepatic circulation 3. Are rapidly metabolized by the liver and may have little if any desired action 4. Are converted by the liver to more active and fat-soluble forms 3. The route of excretion of a volatile drug will likely be the: 1. Kidneys 2. Lungs 3. Bile and feces 4. Skin 4. Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera) is prescribed intramuscularly (IM) to create a storage reservoir of the drug. Storage reservoirs: 1. Assure that the drug will reach its intended target tissue 2. Are the reason for giving loading doses 3. Increase the length of time a drug is available and active 4. Are most common in collagen tissues 5. The NP chooses to give cephalexin every 8 hours based on knowledge of the drug’s: 1. Propensity to go to the target receptor 2. Biological half-life 3. Pharmacodynamics 4. Safety and side effects 6. Azithromycin dosing requires that the first day’s dosage be twice those of the other 4 days of the prescription. This is considered a loading dose. A loading dose: 1. Rapidly achieves drug levels in the therapeutic range 2. Requires four- to five-half-lives to attain 3. Is influenced by renal function 4. Is directly related to the drug circulating to the target tissues 7. The point in time on the drug concentration curve that indicates the first sign of a therapeutic effect is the: 1. Minimum adverse effect level 2. Peak of action 3. Onset of action 4. Therapeutic range 8. Phenytoin requires that a trough level be drawn. Peak and trough levels are done: 1. When the drug has a wide therapeutic range 2. When the drug will be administered for a short time only 3. When there is a high correlation between the dose and saturation of receptor sites 4. To determine if a drug is in the therapeutic range 9. A laboratory result indicates that the peak level for a drug is above the minimum toxic concentration. This means that the: 1. Concentration will produce therapeutic effects 2. Concentration will produce an adverse response 3. Time between doses must be shortened 4. Duration of action of the drug is too long 10. Drugs that are receptor agonists may demonstrate what property? 1. Irreversible binding to the drug receptor site 2. Upregulation with chronic use 3. Desensitization or downregulation with continuous use 4. Inverse relationship between drug concentration and drug action 11. Drugs that are receptor antagonists, such as beta blockers, may cause: 1. Downregulation of the drug receptor 2. An exaggerated response if abruptly discontinued 3. Partial blockade of the effects of agonist drugs 4. An exaggerated response to competitive drug agonists 12. Factors that affect gastric drug absorption include: 1. Liver enzyme activity 2. Protein-binding properties of the drug molecule 3. Lipid solubility of the drug 4. Ability to chew and swallow 13. Drugs administered via IV: 1. Need to be lipid soluble in order to be easily absorbed 2. Begin distribution into the body immediately 3. Are easily absorbed if they are nonionized 4. May use pinocytosis to be absorbed 14. When a medication is added to a regimen for a synergistic effect, the combined effect of the drugs is: 1. The sum of the effects of each drug individually 2. Greater than the sum of the effects of each drug individually 3. Less than the effect of each drug individually 4. Not predictable, as it varies with each individual 15. Which of the following statements about bioavailability is true? 1. Bioavailability issues are especially important for drugs with narrow therapeutic ranges or sustained-release mechanisms. 2. All brands of a drug have the same bioavailability. 3. Drugs that are administered more than once a day have greater bioavailability than drugs given once daily. 4. Combining an active drug with an inert substance does not affect bioavailability. 16. Which of the following statements about the major distribution barriers (blood-brain or fetal-placental) is true? 1. Water soluble and ionized drugs cross these barriers rapidly. 2. The blood-brain barrier slows the entry of many drugs into and from brain cells. 3. The fetal-placental barrier protects the fetus from drugs taken by the mother. 4. Lipid-soluble drugs do not pass these barriers and are safe for pregnant women. 17. Drugs are metabolized mainly by the liver via phase I or phase II reactions. The purpose of both of these types of reactions is to: 1. Inactivate prodrugs before they can be activated by target tissues 2. Change the drugs so they can cross plasma membranes 3. Change drug molecules to a form that an excretory organ can excrete 4. Make these drugs more ionized and polar to facilitate excretion 18. Once they have been metabolized by the liver, the metabolites may be: 1. More active than the parent drug 2. Less active than the parent drug 3. Totally ―deactivated‖ so they are excreted without any effect 4. All of the above 19. All drugs continue to act in the body until they are changed or excreted. The ability of the body to excrete drugs via the renal system would be increased by: 1. Reduced circulation and perfusion of the kidney 2. Chronic renal disease 3. Competition for a transport site by another drug 4. Unbinding a nonvolatile drug from plasma proteins 20. Steady state is: 1. The point on the drug concentration curve when absorption exceeds excretion 2. When the amount of drug in the body remains constant 3. When the amount of drug in the body stays below the minimum toxic concentration 4. All of the above 21. Two different pain medications are given together for pain relief. The drug—drug interaction is: 1. Synergistic 2. Antagonistic 3. Potentiative 4. Additive 22. Actions taken to reduce drug—drug interaction problems include all of the following EXCEPT: 1. Reducing the dosage of one of the drugs 2. Scheduling their administration at different times 3. Prescribing a third drug to counteract the adverse reaction of the combination 4. Reducing the dosage of both drugs 23. Phase I oxidative-reductive processes of drug metabolism require certain nutritional elements. Which of the following would reduce or inhibit this process? 1. Protein malnutrition 2. Iron-deficiency anemia 3. Both 1 and 2 4. Neither 1 nor 2 24. The time required for the amount of drug in the body to decrease by 50% is called: 1. Steady state 2. Half-life 3. Phase II metabolism 4. Reduced bioavailability time 25. An agonist activates a receptor and stimulates a response. When given frequently over time, the body may: 1. Upregulate the total number of receptors 2. Block the receptor with a partial agonist 3. Alter the drug’s metabolism 4. Downregulate the numbers of that specific receptor 26. Drug antagonism is best defined as an effect of a drug that: 1. Leads to major physiological and psychological dependence 2. Is modified by the concurrent administration of another drug 3. Cannot be metabolized before another dose is administered 4. Leads to a decreased physiological response when combined with another drug 27. Instructions to a client regarding self-administration of oral enteric-coated tablets should include which of the following statements? 1. ―Avoid any other oral medicines while taking this drug.‖ 2. ―If swallowing this tablet is difficult, dissolve it in 3 ounces of orange juice.‖ 3. ―The tablet may be crushed if you have any difficulty taking it.‖ 4. ―To achieve best effect, take the tablet with at least 8 ounces of fluid.‖ 28. The major reason for not crushing a sustained-release capsule is that, if crushed, the coated beads of the drugs could possibly result in: 1. Disintegration 2. Toxicity 3. Malabsorption 4. Deterioration 29. Which of the following substances is the most likely to be absorbed in the intestines rather than in the stomach? 1. Sodium bicarbonate 2. Ascorbic acid 3. Salicylic acid 4. Glucose 30. Which of the following variables is a factor in drug absorption? 1. The smaller the surface area for absorption, the more rapidly the drug is absorbed. 2. A rich blood supply to the area of absorption leads to better absorption. 3. The less soluble the drug, the more easily it is absorbed. 4. Ionized drugs are easily absorbed across the cell membrane. 31. An advantage of prescribing a sublingual medication is that the medication is: 1. Absorbed rapidly 2. Excreted rapidly 3. Metabolized minimally 4. Distributed equally 32. Drugs that use CYP 3A4 isoenzymes for metabolism may: 1. Induce the metabolism of another drug 2. Inhibit the metabolism of another drug 3. Both 1 and 2 4. Neither 1 nor 2 33. Therapeutic drug levels are drawn when a drug reaches steady state. Drugs reach steady state: 1. After the second dose 2. After four to five half-lives 3. When the patient feels the full effect of the drug 4. One hour after IV administration 34. Upregulation or hypersensitization may lead to: 1. Increased response to a drug 2. Decreased response to a drug 3. An exaggerated response if the drug is withdrawn 4. Refractoriness or complete lack of response Chapter 2. Review of Basic Principles of Pharmacology Answer Section Chapter 3. Rational Drug Selection Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. An NP would prescribe the liquid form of ibuprofen for a 6-year-old child because: 1. Drugs given in liquid form are less irritating to the stomach. 2. A 6-year-old child may have problems swallowing a pill. 3. Liquid forms of medication eliminate the concern for first-pass effect. 4. Liquid ibuprofen does not have to be dosed as often as the tablet form. 2. In deciding which of multiple drugs used to use to treat a condition, the NP chooses Drug A because it: 1. Has serious side effects and it is not being used for a life-threatening condition 2. Will be taken twice daily and will be taken at home 3. Is expensive, but covered by health insurance 4. None of these are important in choosing a drug 3. A client asks the NP about the differences in drug effects between men and women. What is known about the differences between the pharmacokinetics of men and women? 1. Body temperature varies between men and women. 2. Muscle mass is greater in women. 3. Percentage of fat differs between genders. 4. Proven subjective factors exist between the genders. 4. The first step in the prescribing process according to the World Health Organization is: 1. Choosing the treatment 2. Educating the patient about the medication 3. Diagnosing the patient’s problem 4. Starting the treatment 5. Treatment goals in prescribing should: 1. Always be curative 2. Be patient-centered 3. Be convenient for the provider 4. Focus on the cost of therapy 6. The therapeutic goals when prescribing include(s): 1. Curative 2. Palliative 3. Preventive 4. All of the above 7. When determining drug treatment the NP prescriber should: 1. Always use evidence-based guidelines 2. Individualize the drug choice for the specific patient 3. Rely on his or her experience when prescribing for complex patients 4. Use the newest drug on the market for the condition being treated 8. Patient education regarding prescribed medication includes: 1. Instructions written at the high school reading level 2. Discussion of expected adverse drug reactions 3. How to store leftover medication such as antibiotics 4. Verbal instructions always in English 9. Passive monitoring of drug effectiveness includes: 1. Therapeutic drug levels 2. Adding or subtracting medications from the treatment regimen 3. Ongoing provider visits 4. Instructing the patient to report if the drug is not effective 10. Pharmacokinetic factors that affect prescribing include: 1. Therapeutic index 2. Minimum effective concentration 3. Bioavailability 4. Ease of titration 11. Pharmaceutical promotion may affect prescribing. To address the impact of pharmaceutical promotion, the following recommendations have been made by the Institute of Medicine: 1. Conflicts of interest and financial relationships should be disclosed by those providing education. 2. Providers should ban all pharmaceutical representatives from their office setting. 3. Drug samples should be used for patients who have the insurance to pay for them, to ensure the patient can afford the medication. 4. Providers should only accept low-value gifts, such as pens and pads of paper, from the pharmaceutical representative. 12. Under new U.S. Food and Drug Administration labeling, Pregnancy Categories will be: 1. Strengthened with a new coding such as C+ or C- to discern when a drug is more or less toxic to the fetus 2. Changed to incorporate a pregnancy risk summary and clinical considerations on the drug label 3. Eliminated, and replaced with a link to the National Library of Medicine TOXNET Web site for in-depth information regarding pregnancy concerns 4. Clarified to include information such as safe dosages in each trimester of pregnancy Chapter 3. Rational Drug Selection Chapter 4. Legal and Professional Issues in Prescribing Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulates: 1. Prescribing of drugs by MDs and NPs 2. The official labeling for all prescription and over-the-counter drugs 3. Off-label recommendations for prescribing 4. Pharmaceutical educational offerings 2. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration approval is required for: 1. Medical devices, including artificial joints 2. Over-the-counter vitamins 3. Herbal products, such as St John’s wort 4. Dietary supplements, such as Ensure 3. An Investigational New Drug is filed with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration: 1. When the manufacturer has completed phase III trials 2. When a new drug is discovered 3. Prior to animal testing of any new drug entity 4. Prior to human testing of any new drug entity 4. Phase IV clinical trials in the United States are also known as: 1. Human bioavailability trials 2. Postmarketing research 3. Human safety and efficacy studies 4. The last stage of animal trials before the human trials begin 5. Off-label prescribing is: 1. Regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration 2. Illegal by NPs in all states (provinces) 3. Legal if there is scientific evidence for the use 4. Regulated by the Drug Enforcement Administration 6. The U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration: 1. Registers manufacturers and prescribers of controlled substances 2. Regulates NP prescribing at the state level 3. Sanctions providers who prescribe drugs off-label 4. Provides prescribers with a number they can use for insurance billing 7. Drugs that are designated Schedule II by the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration: 1. Are known teratogens during pregnancy 2. May not be refilled; a new prescription must be written 3. Have a low abuse potential 4. May be dispensed without a prescription unless regulated by the state 8. Precautions that should be taken when prescribing controlled substances include: 1. Faxing the prescription for a Schedule II drug directly to the pharmacy 2. Using tamper-proof paper for all prescriptions written for controlled drugs 3. Keeping any pre-signed prescription pads in a locked drawer in the clinic 4. Using only numbers to indicate the amount of drug to be prescribed 9. Strategies prescribers can use to prevent misuse of controlled prescription drugs include: 1. Use of chemical dependency screening tools 2. Firm limit-setting regarding prescribing controlled substances 3. Practicing ―just say no‖ to deal with patients who are pushing the provider to prescribe controlled substances 4. All of the above 10. Behaviors predictive of addiction to controlled substances include: 1. Stealing or borrowing another patient’s drugs 2. Requiring increasing doses of opiates for pain associated with malignancy 3. Receiving refills of a Schedule II prescription on a regular basis 4. Requesting that only their own primary care provider prescribe for them 11. Medication agreements or ―Pain Medication Contracts‖ are recommended to be used: 1. Universally for all prescribing for chronic pain 2. For patients who have repeated requests for pain medication 3. When you suspect a patient is exhibiting drug-seeking behavior 4. For patients with pain associated with malignancy 12. A prescription needs to be written for: 1. Legend drugs 2. Most controlled drugs 3. Medical devices 4. All of the above Chapter 4. Legal and Professional Issues in Prescribing 1. Which of the following patients would be at higher risk of experiencing adverse drug reactions (ADRs): 1. A 32-year-old male 2. A 22-year-old female 3. A 3-month-old female 4. A 48-year-old male 2. Infants and young children are at higher risk of ADRs due to: 1. Immature renal function in school-age children 2. Lack of safety and efficacy studies in the pediatric population 3. Children’s skin being thicker than adults, requiring higher dosages of topical medication 4. Infant boys having a higher proportion of muscle mass, leading to a higher volume of distribution 3. The elderly are at high risk of ADRs due to: 1. Having greater muscle mass than younger adults, leading to higher volume of distribution 2. The extensive studies that have been conducted on drug safety in this age group 3. The blood-brain barrier being less permeable, requiring higher doses to achieve therapeutic effect 4. Age-related decrease in renal function 4. The type of adverse drug reaction that is idiosyncratic when a drug given in the usual therapeutic doses is type: 1. A 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. Digoxin may cause a type A adverse drug reaction due to: 1. Idiosyncratic effects 2. Its narrow therapeutic index 3. Being a teratogen 4. Being a carcinogen 6. Sarah developed a rash after using a topical medication. This is a type allergic drug reaction. 1. I 2. II 3. III 4. IV 7. A patient may develop neutropenia from using topical Silvadene for burns. Neutropenia is a(n): 1. Cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction 2. Immune complex hypersensitivity 3. Immediate hypersensitivity reaction 4. Delayed hypersensitivity reaction 8. Anaphylactic shock is a: 1. Type I reaction, called immediate hypersensitivity reaction 2. Type II reaction, called cytotoxic hypersensitivity reaction 3. Type III allergic reaction, called immune complex hypersensitivity 4. Type IV allergic reaction, called delayed hypersensitivity reaction 9. James has hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis suppression from chronic prednisone (a corticosteroid) use. He is at risk for what type of adverse drug reaction? 1. Type B 2. Type C 3. Type E 4. Type F 10. Immunomodulators such as azathioprine may cause a delayed adverse drug reaction known as a type D reaction because they are known: 1. Teratogens 2. Carcinogens 3. To cause hypersensitivity reactions 4. Hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis suppressants 11. A 24-year-old male received multiple fractures in a motor vehicle accident that required significant amounts of opioid medication to treat his pain. He is at risk for a adverse drug reaction when he no longer requires the opioids. 1. Rapid 2. First-dose 3. Late 4. Delayed 12. An example of a first-dose reaction that may occur includes: 1. Orthostatic hypotension that does not occur with repeated doses 2. Purple glove syndrome with phenytoin use 3. Hemolytic anemia from ceftriaxone use 4. Contact dermatitis from neomycin use 13. Drugs that are prone to cause adverse drug effects include: 1. Diuretics 2. Inhaled anticholinergics 3. Insulins 4. Stimulants 14. The U.S. Food and Drug Administration MedWatch system is activated when: 1. There is an adverse event to a vaccine. 2. The patient has a severe reaction that is noted in the ―Severe Reaction‖ section in the medication label. 3. A lactating woman takes a medication that is potentially toxic to the breastfeeding infant. 4. An adverse event or serious problem occurs with a medication that is not already identified on the label. 15. The Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System is: 1. A mandatory reporting system for all health-care providers when they encounter an adverse vaccine event 2. A voluntary reporting system that health-care providers or consumers may use to report vaccine adverse events 3. Utilized to send out safety alerts regarding emerging vaccine safety issues 4. Activated when a vaccine has been proven to cause significant adverse effects Chapter 5. Adverse Drug Reactions Chapter 6. Pharmacoeconomics Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Pharmacoeconomics is: 1. The study of the part of the U.S. economy devoted to drug use 2. The study of the impact of prescription drug costs on the overall economy 3. The analysis of the costs and consequences of any health-care-related treatment or service 4. The analysis of the clinical efficacy of the drug 2. The direct costs of drug therapy include: 1. The actual cost of acquiring the medication 2. The loss of income due to illness 3. Pain and suffering due to inadequate drug therapy 4. The cost of a funeral associated with premature death 3. Indirect costs associated with drug therapy include: 1. The cost of diagnostic tests to monitor therapeutic levels 2. Health-care provider time to prescribe and educate the patient 3. Child-care expenses incurred while receiving therapy 4. Loss of wages while undergoing drug therapy 4. The intangible costs of drug therapy include: 1. Loss of wages while undergoing therapy 2. Inconvenience, pain, and suffering incurred with therapy 3. Cost of medical equipment in the laboratory used to monitor therapeutic drug levels 4. Cost of prescription drug coverage, such as Medicare Part D 5. When a pharmacoeconomic analysis looks at two or more treatment alternatives that are considered equal in efficacy and compares the costs of each it is referred to as: 1. Cost-minimization analysis 2. Cost-of-illness analysis 3. Cost-effectiveness analysis 4. Cost-benefit analysis 6. Cost-effectiveness analysis compares two or more treatments or programs that are: 1. Not necessarily therapeutically equivalent 2. Considered equal in efficacy 3. Compared with the dollar value of the benefit received 4. Expressed in terms of patient preference or quality-adjusted life years 7. When the costs of a specific treatment or intervention are calculated and then compared with the dollar value of the benefit received it is referred to as: 1. Cost-minimization analysis 2. Cost-of-illness analysis 3. Cost-effectiveness analysis 4. Cost-benefit analysis 8. Mary has a two-tiered prescription benefit plan, which means: 1. She can receive differing levels of care based on whether she chooses an ―in-plan‖ provider or not. 2. She is eligible for the new Medicare Part D ―donut hole‖ reduction of costs program. 3. She pays a higher copay for brand-name drugs than for generic drugs. 4. She must always choose to be treated with generic drugs first. 9. Prescribing less-expensive generic drugs or drugs off the $4 retail pharmacy lists: 1. Increases the complexity of the pharmacoeconomics of prescribing for the individual patient 2. Increases compliance by reducing the financial burden of drug costs to the patient 3. Is not sound prescribing practice due to the inferiority of the generic products 4. Will increase the overall cost of drugs to the system due to the ease of overprescribing less-expensive drugs 10. James tells you that he is confused by his Medicare Part D coverage plan. An appropriate intervention would be: 1. Order cognitive testing to determine the source of his confusion. 2. Sit down with him and explain the whole Medicare Part D process. 3. Refer him to the Medicare specialist in his insurance plan to explain the benefit to him. 4. Request his son come to the next appointment so you can explain the benefit to him. 11. The ―donut hole‖ in Medicare Part D: 1. Will be totally eliminated with the federal health-care reform enacted in 2010 2. Refers to the period of time when annual individual drug costs are between $250 and $2,250 per year and drug costs are covered 75% 3. Refers to the period between when the annual individual drug costs are $2,970 and $4,750 and the patient pays 52.5% of the costs of brand name drugs (2013) 4. Has no effect on whether patients continue to fill their prescriptions during the coverage gap 12. Research has shown that when patients who are covered by Medicare Part D reach the ―donut hole‖ in coverage they: 1. Ask for extra refills of medication to get them through the months of no coverage 2. Fill their prescriptions less frequently, including critical medications such as warfarin or a statin 3. Fill their critical medications, but hold off on filling less-critical medications 4. Demonstrate no change in their prescription filling pattern Chapter 6. Pharmacoeconomics Chapter 7. Nutrition and Nutraceuticals Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. The most frequent type of drug-food interaction is food: 1. Causing increased therapeutic drug levels 2. Affecting the metabolism of the drug 3. Altering the volume of distribution of drugs 4. Affecting the gastrointestinal absorption of drugs 2. Food in the gastrointestinal tract affects drug absorption by: 1. Altering the pH of the colon, which decreases absorption 2. Competing with the drug for plasma proteins 3. Altering gastric emptying time 4. Altering the pH of urine 3. Food can alter the pH of the stomach, leading to: 1. Enhanced drug metabolism 2. Altered vitamin K absorption 3. Increased vitamin D absorption 4. Altered drug bioavailability 4. Fasting for an extended period can: 1. Increase drug absorption due to lack of competition between food and the drug 2. Alter the pH of the gastrointestinal tract, affecting absorption 3. Cause vasoconstriction, leading to decreased drug absorption 4. Shrink the stomach, causing decreased surface area for drug absorption 5. Tetracycline needs to be given on an empty stomach because it chelates with: 1. Calcium 2. Magnesium 3. Iron 4. All of the above 6. A low-carbohydrate, high-protein diet may: 1. Increase drug-metabolizing enzymes 2. Decrease drug absorption from the GI tract 3. Alter drug binding to plasma proteins 4. Enhance drug elimination 7. Grapefruit juice contains furanocoumarins that have been found to: 1. Alter absorption of drugs through competition for binding sites 2. Inhibit CYP 3A4, leading to decreased first-pass metabolism of drugs 3. Alter vitamin K metabolism, leading to prolonged bleeding 4. Enhance absorption of calcium and vitamin D 8. Cruciferous vegetables may alter drug pharmacokinetics by: 1. Enhancing absorption of weakly acidic drugs 2. Altering CYP 3A4 activity, leading to elevated levels of drugs, such as the statins 3. Inducing CYP 1A2, possibly leading to therapeutic failure of drugs metabolized by CYP 1A2 4. Decreasing first-pass metabolism of drugs 9. Milk and other foods that alkalinize the urine may: 1. Result in basic drugs being reabsorbed in the renal tubule 2. Increase the elimination of basic drugs in the urine 3. Decrease the elimination of acidic drugs 4. Not alter drug elimination due to the minimal change in urine pH 10. Antacids such as calcium carbonate (Tums) can reduce the absorption of which of the following nutrients? 1. Protein 2. Calcium 3. Iron 4. Vitamin K 11. Phenytoin decreases folic acid absorption by: 1. Altering the pH of the stomach 2. Increasing gastric emptying time 3. Inhibiting intestinal enzymes required for folic acid absorption 4. Chelation of the folic acid into inactive ingredients 12. Patients taking warfarin need to be educated about the vitamin K content of foods to avoid therapeutic failure. Foods high in vitamin K that should be limited to no more than one servingper day include: 1. Spinach 2. Milk 3. Romaine lettuce 4. Cauliflower 13. The American Dietetic Association has recommended the use of specific nutritional supplements in the following population(s): 1. 400 IU per day of vitamin D in all infants and children 2. 1,000 IU per day of vitamin D for all pregnant women 3. 60 mg per day of iron for all adults over age 50 years 4. All of the above 14. The American Dietetic Association recommends pregnant women take a supplement including: 1. 1,000 IU daily of vitamin D 2. 2.4 mcg/day of vitamin B12 3. 600 mcg/day of folic acid 4. 8 mg/day of iron 15. The American Heart Association and the American Dietetic Association recommend a minimum daily fiber intake of for cardiovascular health: 1. 10 mg/day 2. 15 mg/day 3. 20 mg/day 4. 25 mg/day 16. Which of the following vitamin or mineral supplements may by teratogenic if a pregnant woman takes more than the recommended amount? 1. Iron 2. Vitamin A 3. Vitamin B6 4. Vitamin C 17. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) may be prescribed to: 1. Decrease the incidence of beriberi 2. Reduce headaches and migraines 3. Prevent pernicious anemia 4. Treat hyperlipidemia 18. Isoniazid (INH) may induce a deficiency of which vitamin? 1. B6 2. C 3. D 4. E 19. Pregnant patients who are taking isoniazid (INH) should take 25 mg/day of vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) to prevent: 1. Beriberi 2. Peripheral neuropathy 3. Rickets 4. Megaloblastic anemia 20. Vitamin B12 deficiency may lead to: 1. Hair loss 2. Insomnia 3. Dry scales on the scalp 4. Numbness and tingling of the hands 21. Smokers are at risk for vitamin C deficiency. It is recommended that smokers take vitamin C supplement. 1. 100 mg/day 2. 500 mg/day 3. 1,000 mg/day 4. 35 mg/day more than nonsmokers 22. There is strong evidence to support that adequate vitamin C intake prevents: 1. The common cold 2. Breast cancer 3. Scurvy 4. All of the above 23. Adequate vitamin D is needed for: 1. Absorption of calcium from the gastrointestinal tract 2. Regulation of serum calcium levels 3. Regulation of serum phosphate levels 4. All of the above 24. Newborns are at risk for early vitamin K deficiency bleeding and the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that all newborns receive: 1. IM vitamin K (phytonadione) within 24 hours of birth 2. Oral vitamin K supplementation in the first 3 weeks of life 3. Formula containing vitamin K or breast milk 4. Oral vitamin K in the first 24 hours after birth 25. Symptoms of folate deficiency include: 1. Thinning of the hair 2. Bruising easily 3. Glossitis 4. Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet 26. A patient with a new onset of systolic ejection murmur should be assessed for which nutritional deficiency? 1. Vitamin B12 2. Vitamin C 3. Folate 4. Niacine 27. According to the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey study of dietary intake, the group at highest risk for inadequate calcium intake was: 1. The elderly (over age 60 years) 2. Teenage females 3. Teenage males 4. Preschoolers 28. Patients with iron deficiency will develop: 1. Hemolytic anemia 2. Megaloblastic anemia 3. Macrocytic-hypochromic anemia 4. Microcytic-hypochromic anemia 29. There is evidence that dietary supplementation or adequate intake of fish oils and omega-3 fatty acids have well-documented: 1. Concern for developing cardiac dysrhythmias 2. Anti-inflammatory effects 3. Total cholesterol-lowering effects 4. Effects on fasting blood sugar 30. There is enough preliminary evidence to recommend that children with autism receive which supplemental nutrient? 1. Vitamin B1 (thiamine) 2. Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) 3. Calcium 4. Omega-3 fatty acids 31. There is sufficient evidence to support the use of omega-3 fatty acids to treat the following disease(s): 1. Asthma 2. Autism 3. Arthritis 4. All of the above 32. It is reasonable to recommend supplementation with in the treatment of hyperlipidemia. 1. Omega-3 fatty acids 2. Probiotics 3. Plant sterols 4. Calcium 33. Probiotics are recommended to be co-administered when are prescribed: 1. Antacids 2. Antihypertensives 3. Antidiarrheals 4. Antibiotics 34. It is reasonable to add to a Helicobacter pylori treatment regimen to improve eradication rat of H. pylori. 1. Probiotics 2. Omega-3 fatty acids 3. Plant sterols 4. Fiber Chapter 7. Nutrition and Nutraceuticals Chapter 8. Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A good history of herb and supplement use is critical before prescribing because approximately % of patients in the United States are using herbal products. 1. 10 2. 5 3. 38 4. 70 2. A potential harmful effect on patients who take some herbal medication is: 1. Constipation 2. Lead poisoning 3. Diarrhea 4. Life-threatening rash 3. A thorough understanding of herbs is critical to patient safety. An example is the use of cinnamon to treat type II diabetes. It is important the patient uses Ceylon cinnamon, as the commercially available cassia cinnamon contains: 1. Coumadin, which may lead to bleeding problems 2. Coumarin, which can cause liver and kidney damage 3. Cinnamic aldehyde, which is toxic to the kidney 4. Cinnamate eugenol, which is toxic to the liver 4. Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes yin (cooling) versus yang (warming) in assessing and treating disease. Menopause is considered a time of imbalance, therefore the Chinese herbalist would prescribe: 1. Herbs which are yang in nature 2. Herbs that are yin in nature 3. Ginger 4. Golden seal 5. According to traditional Chinese medicine, if a person who has a fever is given a herb that is yang in nature, such as golden seal, the patient’s illness will: 1. Get worse 2. Get better 3. Not be adequately treated 4. Need additional herbs to treat the yang 6. In Ayurvedic medicine, treatment is based on the patient’s dominant dosha, which is referred to as the person’s: 1. Vata 2. Pitta 3. Kapha 4. Prakriti 7. Herbs and supplements are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1. True 2. False 8. When melatonin is used to induce sleep, the recommendation is that the patient: 1. Take 10 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 2. Take 1 to 5 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 3. Not take melatonin more than three nights a week 4. Combine melatonin with zolpidem (Ambien) for the greatest impact on sleep 9. Valerian tea causes relaxation and can be used to help a patient fall asleep. Overdosage of valerian (more than 2.5 gm/dose) may lead to: 1. Cardiac disturbances 2. Central nervous system depression 3. Respiratory depression 4. Skin rashes 10. The standard dosage of St John’s wort for the treatment of mild depression is: 1. 300 mg daily 2. 100 mg three times a day 3. 300 mg three times a day 4. 600 mg three times a day 11. Patients need to be instructed regarding the drug interactions with St John’s wort, including: 1. MAO inhibitors 2. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors 3. Over-the-counter cough and cold medications 4. All of the above 12. Ginseng, which is taken to assist with memory, may potentiate: 1. Aricept 2. Insulin 3. Digoxin 4. Propranolol 13. Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include: 1. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin 2. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole 3. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines 4. None of the above 14. Patients should be warned about the overuse of topical wintergreen oil to treat muscle strains, as overapplication can lead to: 1. Respiratory depression 2. Cardiac disturbance 3. Salicylates poisoning 4. Life-threatening rashes 15. The role of the NP in the use of herbal medication is to: 1. Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies 2. Recommend common over-the-counter herbs to patients 3. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care 4. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers Chapter 8, Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements Chapter 8. Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A good history of herb and supplement use is critical before prescribing because approximately % of patients in the United States are using herbal products. 1. 10 2. 5 3. 38 4. 70 2. A potential harmful effect on patients who take some herbal medication is: 1. Constipation 2. Lead poisoning 3. Diarrhea 4. Life-threatening rash 3. A thorough understanding of herbs is critical to patient safety. An example is the use of cinnamon to treat type II diabetes. It is important the patient uses Ceylon cinnamon, as the commercially available cassia cinnamon contains: 1. Coumadin, which may lead to bleeding problems 2. Coumarin, which can cause liver and kidney damage 3. Cinnamic aldehyde, which is toxic to the kidney 4. Cinnamate eugenol, which is toxic to the liver 4. Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes yin (cooling) versus yang (warming) in assessing and treating disease. Menopause is considered a time of imbalance, therefore the Chinese herbalist would prescribe: 1. Herbs which are yang in nature 2. Herbs that are yin in nature 3. Ginger 4. Golden seal 5. According to traditional Chinese medicine, if a person who has a fever is given a herb that is yang in nature, such as golden seal, the patient’s illness will: 1. Get worse 2. Get better 3. Not be adequately treated 4. Need additional herbs to treat the yang 6. In Ayurvedic medicine, treatment is based on the patient’s dominant dosha, which is referred to as the person’s: 1. Vata 2. Pitta 3. Kapha 4. Prakriti 7. Herbs and supplements are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1. True 2. False 8. When melatonin is used to induce sleep, the recommendation is that the patient: 1. Take 10 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 2. Take 1 to 5 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 3. Not take melatonin more than three nights a week 4. Combine melatonin with zolpidem (Ambien) for the greatest impact on sleep 9. Valerian tea causes relaxation and can be used to help a patient fall asleep. Overdosage of valerian (more than 2.5 gm/dose) may lead to: 1. Cardiac disturbances 2. Central nervous system depression 3. Respiratory depression 4. Skin rashes 10. The standard dosage of St John’s wort for the treatment of mild depression is: 1. 300 mg daily 2. 100 mg three times a day 3. 300 mg three times a day 4. 600 mg three times a day 11. Patients need to be instructed regarding the drug interactions with St John’s wort, including: 1. MAO inhibitors 2. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors 3. Over-the-counter cough and cold medications 4. All of the above 12. Ginseng, which is taken to assist with memory, may potentiate: 1. Aricept 2. Insulin 3. Digoxin 4. Propranolol 13. Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include: 1. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin 2. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole 3. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines 4. None of the above 14. Patients should be warned about the overuse of topical wintergreen oil to treat muscle strains, as overapplication can lead to: 1. Respiratory depression 2. Cardiac disturbance 3. Salicylates poisoning 4. Life-threatening rashes 15. The role of the NP in the use of herbal medication is to: 1. Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies 2. Recommend common over-the-counter herbs to patients 3. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care 4. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers Chapter 8, Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements Chapter 8. Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. A good history of herb and supplement use is critical before prescribing because approximately % of patients in the United States are using herbal products. 1. 10 2. 5 3. 38 4. 70 2. A potential harmful effect on patients who take some herbal medication is: 1. Constipation 2. Lead poisoning 3. Diarrhea 4. Life-threatening rash 3. A thorough understanding of herbs is critical to patient safety. An example is the use of cinnamon to treat type II diabetes. It is important the patient uses Ceylon cinnamon, as the commercially available cassia cinnamon contains: 1. Coumadin, which may lead to bleeding problems 2. Coumarin, which can cause liver and kidney damage 3. Cinnamic aldehyde, which is toxic to the kidney 4. Cinnamate eugenol, which is toxic to the liver 4. Traditional Chinese medicine utilizes yin (cooling) versus yang (warming) in assessing and treating disease. Menopause is considered a time of imbalance, therefore the Chinese herbalist would prescribe: 1. Herbs which are yang in nature 2. Herbs that are yin in nature 3. Ginger 4. Golden seal 5. According to traditional Chinese medicine, if a person who has a fever is given a herb that is yang in nature, such as golden seal, the patient’s illness will: 1. Get worse 2. Get better 3. Not be adequately treated 4. Need additional herbs to treat the yang 6. In Ayurvedic medicine, treatment is based on the patient’s dominant dosha, which is referred to as the person’s: 1. Vata 2. Pitta 3. Kapha 4. Prakriti 7. Herbs and supplements are regulated by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. 1. True 2. False 8. When melatonin is used to induce sleep, the recommendation is that the patient: 1. Take 10 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 2. Take 1 to 5 mg 30 minutes before bed nightly 3. Not take melatonin more than three nights a week 4. Combine melatonin with zolpidem (Ambien) for the greatest impact on sleep 9. Valerian tea causes relaxation and can be used to help a patient fall asleep. Overdosage of valerian (more than 2.5 gm/dose) may lead to: 1. Cardiac disturbances 2. Central nervous system depression 3. Respiratory depression 4. Skin rashes 10. The standard dosage of St John’s wort for the treatment of mild depression is: 1. 300 mg daily 2. 100 mg three times a day 3. 300 mg three times a day 4. 600 mg three times a day 11. Patients need to be instructed regarding the drug interactions with St John’s wort, including: 1. MAO inhibitors 2. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors 3. Over-the-counter cough and cold medications 4. All of the above 12. Ginseng, which is taken to assist with memory, may potentiate: 1. Aricept 2. Insulin 3. Digoxin 4. Propranolol 13. Licorice root is a common treatment for dyspepsia. Drug interactions with licorice include: 1. Antihypertensives, diuretics, and digoxin 2. Antidiarrheals, antihistamines, and omeprazole 3. Penicillin antibiotic class and benzodiazepines 4. None of the above 14. Patients should be warned about the overuse of topical wintergreen oil to treat muscle strains, as overapplication can lead to: 1. Respiratory depression 2. Cardiac disturbance 3. Salicylates poisoning 4. Life-threatening rashes 15. The role of the NP in the use of herbal medication is to: 1. Maintain competence in the prescribing of common herbal remedies 2. Recommend common over-the-counter herbs to patients 3. Educate patients and guide them to appropriate sources of care 4. Encourage patients to not use herbal therapy due to the documented dangers Chapter 8, Herbal Therapy and Nutritional Supplements All chapters below.....
Grupo Éxito registró ingresos operacionales consolidados en 2022 por $20.6 billones pesos con un crecimiento del 21,8% (un incremento de una quinta parte en el tamaño de sus ventas) La dinámica de las ventas y los resultados consolidados del 2022 fueron impulsados por los formatos innovadores, el comercio electrónico, el negocio inmobiliario y alianzas de negocios como Puntos Colombia Los canales de comercio electrónico representaron el 12% de las ventas en Colombia El EBITDA recurrente consolidado del año llegó a $1.7 billones de pesos, con un incremento del 8,3% y un margen de 8,1% La utilidad neta consolidada de Grupo Éxito fue de $99.072 millones de pesos y reflejó el desempeño operacional positivo de los negocios retail e inmobiliario. Sin embargo, el resultado neto se vio afectado por mayores gastos financieros ($126 mil millones) ante el incremento en las tasas de interés en Colombia, y por efectos sin impacto en caja como el mayor gasto de impuesto diferido en Colombia y en Argentina ($161 mil millones) y el ajuste inflacionario en Argentina ($58 mil millones) Considerando los resultados operacionales de la compañía y la generación de caja, la Junta Directiva presentó una propuesta a la Asamblea General de Accionistas que se reunirá el próximo 23 de marzo, para decretar un dividendo ordinario de $217.393 millones entre los accionistas, a pagarse en una cuota el 30 de marzo del 2023 El Grupo Exito logró contener el aumento de los precios en 7, 7 puntos porcentuales por debajo de la inflación de alimentos del país, con el objeto de alivianar la carga inflacionaria a los(as) colombianos(as) En Colombia, el 89% de las compras de frutas y verduras que se comercializaron en las tiendas de Grupo Éxito se compraron en el país, de estas el 86% se adquirió sin intermediarios Grupo Éxito continúa estando entre los diez retailers de alimentos con mejor puntuación en el Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA), de Standard & Poor’s y por cuarto año consecutivo fue reconocido como Sustainability Yearbook Member Grupo Exito continúa con su proyecto de listar sus acciones en la Bolsa de valores de Nueva York, a través de ADRs y en la Bolsa de valores de Sao Paulo, a través de BDRs, además de mantener su presencia en la Bolsa de valores de Colombia, La distribución de Grupo Pao de Azúcar a sus accionistas de aproximadamente el 83% de las acciones que posee de Éxito, incrementaría sustancialmente la liquidez de la acción de Éxito de 3,5% a un nivel potencial del 53%, adicionaría cerca de 50 mil accionistas provenientes de GPA y facilitarían el desbloqueo del valor de la acción de la Compañía. El listado y la distribución de acciones deberían quedar concluidos durante el primer semestre de 2023. La acción de Éxito sería la única del país con participación en los mercados de Estados Unidos, Brasil y Colombia · Los formatos innovadores alcanzaron una participación en las ventas consolidadas de la compañía del 40%. Éxito Wow representó el 34% de las ventas de la marca, Carulla FreshMarket el 60% y Surtimayorista el 5,2% de las ventas de la compañía en Colombia. · La compañía finalizó la reconversión de cinco tiendas adquiridas a Almacenes La 14 en el Valle de Cauca, que ahora son operados bajo el formato Éxito Wow y generaron alrededor de 800 nuevos empleos permanentes, para un total de cerca de 4.500 empleos en esta región. Alrededor de 120 proveedores provenientes de La 14 fueron codificados luego de una rueda de negocios realizada a inicios de 2022 en el Valle del Cauca, completando en la región un total de 420 proveedores, que comercializan cerca de 2.300 productos en las marcas del Grupo Éxito. · La operación en Uruguay registró un margen EBITDA recurrente del 9,9%. Las ventas crecieron un 11,4% en moneda local por encima del índice de inflación del país, apalancadas por el crecimiento en ventas del 17,2% del formato freshmarket que alcanzó una participación del 52,9% de las ventas totales del país. · En Argentina, las ventas en moneda local crecieron un 104%, superando el índice de inflación del país. Este crecimiento se vio jalonado por un incremento del 6,7% en el tráfico de las tiendas, el desarrollo del modelo mayorista que alcanzó nueve tiendas durante el 2022 y el buen desempeño del negocio inmobiliario. · En Argentina el EBITDA recurrente del país, progresó un 83% en pesos colombianos llegando al equivalente de 75.702 en esta misma moneda. Resultados consolidados del Grupo Éxito (Colombia, Uruguay y Argentina) Los ingresos operacionales consolidados de Grupo Éxito en 2022 alcanzaron los $20.6 billones de pesos y crecieron 21,8% frente al año anterior, impulsados por el buen desempeño de los formatos innovadores, la dinamización de las ventas tanto en el canal físico como en el de comercio electrónico y la evolución del negocio inmobiliario. La operación en Colombia representó el 74% de los ingresos operacionales del Grupo. Los ingresos en el país crecieron un 17,2% con respecto al año anterior, apalancados en el desempeño del negocio retail. Las operaciones internacionales alcanzaron ingresos por $5.3 billones de pesos jalonados por la dinámica comercial que se tradujo en un crecimiento del 37,3% y que representa el 26% de los ingresos consolidados de la compañía. El EBITDA recurrente del Grupo creció el 8,3% comparado con el 2021 y alcanzó cerca de $1.7 billones de pesos, con un margen de 8,1%, explicado por un desempeño positivo del negocio retail y del negocio inmobiliario. La utilidad neta consolidada de Grupo Éxito fue de $99.072 millones de pesos y reflejó el desempeño operacional positivo de los negocios retail e inmobiliario. Sin embargo, el resultado neto se vio afectado por mayores gastos financieros ($126 mil millones) ante el incremento en las tasas de interés en Colombia, por mayor gasto de impuesto diferido en Colombia y en Argentina ($161 mil millones) y el ajuste inflacionario en Argentina ($58 mil millones). “El 2022 presentó una dinámica económica muy positiva que se mantuvo durante buena parte del año, jalonada por el consumo de los hogares colombianos que creció cerca del 14%. Cerramos el año con un crecimiento en ingresos cercano al 22% gracias a nuestra estrategia centrada en el cliente y fundamentada en la omnicanalidad (combinación de los canales físicos y virtuales), la innovación en formatos y el buen comportamiento de los centros comerciales. Los formatos innovadores en Colombia, Uruguay y Argentina representaron el 40% de las ventas consolidadas, apalancados en la expansión de Éxito Wow, con la adquisición de cinco nuevos almacenes y el mayor ritmo de crecimiento del formato Mayorista (con las marcas Surtimayorista en Colombia y Mini Mayorista en Argentina), con 19 aperturas. En Colombia, enfocamos nuestros esfuerzos en controlar los niveles de precios a nuestros clientes, logrando que estuviesen 7,7 puntos porcentuales por debajo de los registrados por la inflación de alimentos en el país. Durante 2022, trabajamos en nuestro Propósito Superior, “Nutrimos de Oportunidades a Colombia” mediante actividades enfocadas en apoyar la nutrición infantil, la compra local y directa a los productores, y a nuestros proveedores, en especial a las pequeñas y medianas empresas. En 2023 seguiremos trabajando en el plan de expansión de puntos venta, centros comerciales y fortaleciendo nuestras plataformas digitales”, afirmó Carlos Mario Giraldo Moreno, Presidente de Grupo Éxito. Resultados consolidados cifras expresadas en millones de pesos moneda local En Colombia, los resultados fueron apalancados por el fortalecimiento de la estrategia omnicanal, los formatos innovadores y el negocio inmobiliario Los ingresos operacionales en Colombia alcanzaron los $15.3 billones de pesos, un crecimiento del 17,2% frente al 2021 y por encima de los niveles de inflación del año. Estos resultados evidencian una exitosa estrategia centrada en el cliente, con una rápida respuesta de la compañía a sus necesidades y preferencias. El EBITDA recurrente alcanzó $1.2 billones de pesos, un resultado favorecido por el crecimiento de los ingresos operacionales y una estrategia centrada en las eficiencias internas, apoyada en un programa de excelencia operacional y en ajustes en gastos sin afectar a los niveles de servicio, en medio de un escenario de alta inflación en el país. El resultado también reflejó impactos negativos, por mayores niveles de ingresos no recurrentes en las bases y por un incremento en el costo de productos frescos manufacturados en nuestra industria de alimentos, como efecto de la natural estabilización de nuestros procesos de industria, luego del traslado de la sede de su localización anterior en Bogotá. Grupo Éxito mantuvo su estrategia enfocada en tres grandes pilares: 1. Innovación en formatos como estrategia diferenciadora para brindar experiencias superiores a los clientes, a través de la expansión en formatos innovadores: · Éxito Wow, reconocido a nivel mundial por Laureano Turienzo, experto en retail, por sus estrategias innovadoras, abrió 5 nuevas tiendas agregando cerca de 26.000 m² de área de ventas. Adicionalmente la marca reformó 6 tiendas al formato Wow, completando 30 en total y la marca representó el 34,2% de las ventas de la compañía. · Carulla abrió 8 almacenes FreshMarket, completando 30 tiendas bajo este modelo y convirtió 7 tiendas al formato Carulla Express. En el 2022, Carulla FreshMarket representó el 60% de las ventas de la marca. La marca, hace parte del top 5 de tiendas para visitar en el 2023 publicado por el IGD debido a la mentalidad "Naturalmente sostenible" al reducir el impacto en el planeta apoyando la economía circular y aportando a la compra local. · Super Inter reconvirtió durante el año 10 almacenes al formato Vecino completando 35 tiendas que representaron el 70,8% de las ventas totales de la marca. · Surtimayorista la marca del formato cash and carry, completó 46 puntos de venta con la apertura de 4 nuevas tiendas y la reconversión de 6 más. Las ventas de la marca representaron en el 2022 el 5,2% de las de la compañía en Colombia. 2. Las ventas de los canales de comercio electrónico y directo, alcanzaron más de $1.7 billones de pesos y representaron el 12% de las ventas de la compañía en Colombia, un crecimiento destacable, ya que hubo dos días sin IVA adicionales que mejoraron la base de 2021. Los resultados omnicanal se apalancaron en: · El crecimiento doble dígito de la categoría de alimentos; con una participación del 10,5% y la categoría de no alimentos del 15% con compras realizadas a través de las páginas web (exito.com y carulla.com), aplicaciones móviles, líneas telefónicas, chats de WhatsApp y catálogos digitales. · Los pedidos a través de los diferentes canales digitales aumentaron en un 69,6% con respecto al año anterior, alcanzando 13.3 millones de pedidos para el 2022. · El servicio de última milla en alianza con Rappi creció 28% comparado con el registrado en el 2021. · El servicio “Compra y recoge” representó el 28,5% de las ventas omnicanal. · La atención a cerca de 3.000 tiendas de barrio a través de la aplicación móvil MiSurtii registró ventas por $57.500 millones y contribuyó a digitalizar las ventas de alimentos con una participación del 26% del formato Aliados. 3. La monetización del tráfico en los almacenes y activos inmobiliarios continuó siendo un motor de crecimiento, a través de los siguientes negocios: · En el negocio inmobiliario se destaca el desempeño y contribución del negocio por encima de niveles prepandemia. La compañía continuó siendo el primer operador de centros comerciales en Colombia, con sólidos niveles de ocupación superiores al 96% y mayor tráfico, lo cual favoreció el desempeño de nuestros arrendatarios. Durante 2023, continuará la construcción de la primera tienda IKEA en el país, ubicada en el centro comercial VIVA Envigado, convirtiéndolo así en el centro comercial más grande de Colombia. · El negocio financiero Tuya presentó un gran dinamismo y alcanzó 2.1 millones de tarjetas en circulación y continuó fortaleciendo sinergias con el ecosistema digital del Grupo Éxito · Puntos Colombia, el programa de lealtad creció de manera dinámica y registró 6.2 millones de clientes activos, un incremento del 14% frente al 2021 y completó más de 160 marcas aliadas. · Viajes Éxito dinamizó y creció sus ventas cerca de un 43%, movilizando más de 74 mil pasajeros. Los esfuerzos para mejorar la productividad y eficiencia de la operación en Colombia, se vieron reflejados en actividades que permitieron mantener los precios de alimentos de Grupo Éxito, 7,7 puntos porcentuales por debajo de la inflación de alimentos del país. La compañía realizó actividades de compra anticipada para controlar los incrementos en precios y desarrolló diferentes estrategias comerciales para fortalecer su portafolio de cerca de 700 productos básicos de “Precio Insuperable”, altamente competitivos en calidad y con menores precios en cada región. Así mismo, Grupo Éxito reafirmó su compromiso con el desarrollo de los agricultores del país para mejorar las condiciones de las familias a lo largo del territorio y realizó compras locales del 89% de sus frutas y verduras, un 86,3% de ellas, directamente a más de 940 organizaciones de productores y campesinos. Un año para ratificar el compromiso con la promoción del empleo, la conservación de la biodiversidad y la reconstrucción del tejido social Continuamos estando entre los diez retailers de alimentos con mejor puntuación en el Corporate Sustainability Assessment (CSA), de Standard & Poor’s, y subimos dos categorías en el Climate Disclosure Project (CDP), en la categoría Clima, obteniendo una puntuación B y por cuarto año consecutivo fue reconocido como Sustainability Yearbook Member. El 2022 fue un año para ratificar el compromiso con la generación de oportunidades, promover la compra local y el cuidado del planeta. Se destacan los siguientes logros: · La compañía finalizó la reconversión de cinco tiendas adquiridas a Almacenes La 14 en el Valle de Cauca, los cuales ahora son operados bajo el formato hipermercado de alta experiencia Éxito Wow, los cuales generaron más de 800 nuevos empleos permanentes, más de 4.500 empleos totales en esta región. A través de estas renovaciones, la marca Éxito se enfoca en llevar las tendencias globales del retail a ciudades intermedias, ofreciendo una experiencia de compra diferencial desde la innovación, omnicanalidad y transformación digital. · El 89% de la compra de frutas y verduras se realizó localmente y sin intermediarios, a más de 940 productores locales y a través de asociaciones de productores y familias campesinas (86,3% se comercializó de manera directa). · Grupo Éxito fortaleció la compra local y directa trabajando de manera conjunta con 24 asociaciones y fundaciones campesinas y benefició agricultores en 28 departamentos del país. · La compañía lanzó la campaña: Recuperemos el verde #UnÁrbolALaVez con la meta de sembrar 1 millón de árboles nativos en Colombia. Más de 1 millón de árboles han sido sembrados y 93 hectáreas han sido recuperadas, que representan el área de 560 canchas de fútbol. · Durante el 2022, las marcas Carulla Freshmarket y los centros comerciales Viva recibieron la certificación en carbono neutro por parte del ICONTEC. · La Feria Nacional de Grafiti “Pigmentos Urbanos”, llegó a 13 ciudades del país junto a artistas locales y las poblaciones aledañas a los almacenes logrando resaltar la identidad de los territorios. · Terrazas Verdes, proyecto de seguridad alimentaria que inició en la Comuna 13 de Medellín, benefició a mujeres cabeza de familia y sus hijos y logró la comercialización de 6.000 unidades de lechugas en los almacenes de la marca Éxito. La Fundación Éxito cumplió 40 años trabajando hacia el objetivo de lograr la primera generación cero desnutrición crónica en Colombia como un camino hacia la equidad: · Durante el año 2022 la Fundación Éxito logró atender a más de 60.000 niños y niñas en 27 departamentos y 192 municipios con el propósito de erradicar la desnutrición crónica para el año 2030. · El 57,52% son atendidos en programas de nutrición infantil y el 42,47% en programas complementarios. · En el 2022 fueron entregados en total 200.403 paquetes alimentarios y se realizó una inversión de $21.375 millones de pesos. La operación en Uruguay continuó siendo la más rentable del Grupo Las ventas en el país aumentaron 11,4% por encima del nivel de la inflación, jalonadas por la propuesta de valor del modelo fresh market, que representó el 52,9% de las ventas de las tiendas no convertidas en el país con un crecimiento del 17,2% durante el 2022. Seis tiendas fueron renovadas bajo este formato y se alcanzaron 29 almacenes. El margen EBITDA recurrente alcanzó 9,9% y se mantuvo como el más alto del Grupo, gracias a los esfuerzos constantes de control de gastos y eficiencias en la operación y creció 8,3% en moneda local, superando el nivel de la inflación. En Argentina, las ventas anuales crecieron 800 puntos básicos por encima del nivel de inflación del país La operación en este país presentó un crecimiento de los ingresos de 105% en moneda local, gracias a la mayor dinámica comercial, que se tradujo en un aumento de tráfico a las tiendas del 6,7%, un desempeño positivo del formato Cash & Carry lanzado recientemente, la evolución de los canales digitales (3,9% de participación en las ventas), y el buen desempeño del negocio inmobiliario que alcanzó niveles de ocupación del 92,6%. Al cierre de 2022, la compañía alcanzó 9 tiendas del formato Cash & Carry que participaron con un 3,7% del total de ventas en el país. El margen EBITDA recurrente en el país durante el 2022 fue del 4,3% con un crecimiento de 93 puntos básicos frente al año anterior.
