The human nervous system divides into the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS comprises the brain and spinal cord. The PNS represents all the nerves that extend throughout the human body and sends motor and sensory information between the CNS and the organs, glands, and tissues. Key Takeaways Definition: The peripheral nervous system (PNS) consists of all nerves outside the brain and spinal cord, connecting the CNS to the body. Divisions: It includes the somatic nervous system (voluntary movements and sensory information) and the autonomic nervous system (involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion). Components: The PNS contains sensory neurons (afferent) and motor neurons (efferent). Functions: The PNS transmits sensory input to the CNS and carries motor responses to muscles and glands. Damage: Peripheral neuropathy can cause pain, numbness, and weakness, affecting various body functions.