For his work in forensic pathology, pioneering surgical techniques, battlefield medicine and wound care, and developing new surgical instruments, Ambroise Paré is the best known of the barber surgeons and has been called the father of modern surgery (Fig 1). Although Paré was not the first to use a vascular ligature, as he is commonly credited, he promoted it more than any of his predecessors and contemporaries. He also developed what was likely the first vascular clamp.