The decline of citizen involvement affects two key elements of democratic government: elections and political parties. Activating the Citizen examines the reasons underlying citizen withdrawal and explores and assesses innovative approaches on both sides of the Atlantic to try to counter these phenomena.

At the recent two-day Social Making symposium in Plymouth, socially engaged practice was discussed in relation to Arnstein's Ladder, a theory of citizen participation devised in the 1960s. Carolyn Black explores its relevance.

Introduction: Citizen involvement in scientific projects has become a means of encouraging curiosity and greater understanding of science whilst providing an unprecedented engagement between professional scientists and the general public. In this paper we specifically focus on the impact of online citizen science (OCS) participation in the science education of primary school age children in New Zealand. Methods: We use four exploratory cases within a broader research project to examine the nature and impact of embedding OCS projects that use web-based online crowdsourcing and collaboration tools within classroom environments of primary school science learners. Results & Discussion: Our findings provide insights into primary school teachers’ perception of OCS. They offer initial insights into how teachers embed OCS in a classroom environment, and why this improves science learning aptitudes, inquisitiveness and capabilities in primary school age children. We also notice that successfully embedding OCS projects in education is affected by the project context, how the results are disseminated, and inclusivity in socio-cultural aspects.....................................................................................................................................................................This paper is a preprint of a paper accepted at the 11th ACM Conference on Web Science 2019 (https://websci19.webscience.org/).

Description Specifications 'Those who do not move, do not notice their chains.’  Rosa Luxemburg was a revolutionary socialist of Polish Jewish descent, who played a key role in founding the Polish Social Democratic Party before becoming a German citizen and joining the Social Democratic Party (SPD) of Germany. As a political theoretician Luxemburg developed a humanitarian theory of Marxism, criticising capitalism and dictatorial tendencies of the Bolsheviks, and promoting pacifism and democracy. When World War One broke out in 1914, the SPD supported the conflict, but Luxemburg went into opposition, breaking away from the party with Karl Liebknecht and founding the Spartacus League, which eventually grew into the Communist Party of Germany. In the winter of 1918, Weimar Germany saw a wave of revolutionary activity, and Luxemburg was murdered, along with Liebknecht for her role in leading the Spartacus Revolt in 1919 by members of the right-wing Freikorps, a loose assemblage of conservative paramilitary groups. Although a century has passed since Luxemburg’s death, she is far from forgotten, her ideas and efforts remembered every year during an annual left-wing march in Berlin.  Half Panama unbleached cotton (heavy weight, textured finish). Stitched on all four sides. Includes hanging loop. Measures approximately 19in x 27.5in. Machine wash at 110 degrees max. We recommend that before you use your tea towel for the first time you wash it at least once to soften up the material and make it more absorbent for drying dishes. Please note size can vary slightly.

Citizen Scientists on the River, Mud Bugs, Chubs. How river guides give back to the canyon by helping the Park monitor insect populations.

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Citizen involvement is considered the cornerstone of democratic theory and practice. Citizens today have the knowledge and ability to participate more fully in the political, technical, and administrative decisions that affect them. On the other hand, direct citizen participation is often viewed with skepticism, even wariness. Many argue that citizens do not have the time, preparation, or interest to be directly involved in public affairs, and suggest instead that representative democracy, or indirect citizen participation, is the most effective form of government. Some of the very best writings on this key topic - which is at the root of the entire "reinventing government" movement - can be found in the journals that ASPA publishes or sponsors. In this collection Nancy Roberts has brought together the emerging classics on the ongoing debate over citizen involvement. Her detailed introductory essay and section openers frame the key issues, provide historical context, and fill in any gaps not directly covered by the articles. More than just an anthology, "The Age of Direct Citizen Participation" provides a unique and useful framework for understanding this important subject. It is an ideal resource for any Public Administration course involving citizen engagement and performance management.

The decline of citizen involvement affects two key elements of democratic government: elections and political parties. Activating the Citizen examines the reasons underlying citizen withdrawal and explores and assesses innovative approaches on both sides of the Atlantic to try to counter these phenomena.

Sherry Arnstein, writing in 1969 about citizen involvement in planning processes in the United States, described a \"ladder of citizen participation\" that showed participation ranging from low to high. Arnstein depicted the failings of typical participation processes at the time and characterized aspirations toward engagement that have now been elevated to core values in planning practice. But since that time, the political, economic, and social context has evolved greatly, and planners, organizers, and residents have been involved in planning and community development practice in ways previously unforeseen. Learning from Arnstein's Ladder draws on contemporary theory, expertise, empirical analysis, and practical applications in what is now more commonly termed public engagement in planning to examine the enduring impacts of Arnstein's work and the pervasive challenges that planners face in advancing meaningful public engagement. This book presents research from throughout the world, including Australia, Brazil, India, Indonesia, Portugal, Serbia, and the United States, among others, that utilizes, critiques, revises, and expands upon Arnstein's aspirational vision. It is essential reading for educators and students of planning.

The past three decades have seen an international 'turn to participation' - letting those who will be affected by outcomes play an active role in decision-making - but there is widespread dissatisfaction with actual instances of citizen-state engagement. Neighbourhood planning in England exemplifies this contradiction. This innovative analysis brings theory, research and practice together to give insights into how and why citizen voices become effective or get excluded. Ethnographic data from detailed studies of neighbourhood planning are used to illustrate the constraints and possibilities of a wide range of participatory governance practices and social movements. The book concludes with recommendations to re-invigorate community involvement in planning and beyond.

In a news conference, Trump also denied he was personally profiting from the presidency.