Understanding how graphemes map to phonemes is essential for learning to read. Page 1. Ask the child to read the word RED three times. Orthographic mapping. Ask the child to say the sounds in the word RED and place a chip in a box for each sound. Ask the child to write the letters that make each sound under the boxes. Ask him to use green for a predictable spelling pattern and red for an unusual one. Ask the child to read the word RED and slide the finger across the arrow as you read it. Ask the child how many sounds are in the word RED. (three) Ask the child how many letters are in the word RED. (three) Page 2. Ask the child to write the word RED three more times. Optional: use a coding chart to mark spelling patterns. Ask the child to read the sentences three times and circle the word RED in each sentence. Ask the child to brainstorm and write one sentence using the word RED. Share the sentence with a class. Printing options: outlines and black lines.