Major challenges and opportunities will arise in the health sector in the future. Although sophisticated medical technology is already available in health systems in developed countries, further advances are constantly being made. As a result of the addition of medical nanotechnology to existing knowledge of molecular and cellular biology, it seems likely that new, more personalized, more accurate and more rapid diagnostic techniques will be devised in the future, as well as new treatments that are also more personalized and promote regeneration of the organism.