On this page: What is dysphagia? How do we swallow? How does dysphagia occur? What are some problems caused by dysphagia? What causes dysphagia? How is dysphagia treated? What research is being done on dysphagia? Where can I get help? Where can I find additional information about dysphagia? What is dysphagia? People with dysphagia have difficulty swallowing and may even experience pain while swallowing (odynophagia). Some people may be completely unable to swallow or may have trouble safely swallowing liquids, foods, or saliva. When that happens, eating becomes a challenge.