"The Tribe Has Spoken" and "Outwit, Outplay, Outlast" are 2 of the most iconic phrases from Survivor, and anyone who knows the show even a little should know these phrases well. These stickers are a perfect way to Survivor-fy whatever space you'd like, whether that's your phone, laptop, water bottle, etc. Sticker Specs - ⭐ 2 Stickers Included ⭐ Glossy/Transparent Finish ⭐ Made from high-quality vinyl sticker paper ⭐ Water/Weather-Resistant, perfect for laptops, phone cases, even water bottles (wash with care)! ⭐ 2 Sizes Available - 3" shown in photos ✔ Check out other Survivor-related items in my shop here: https://www.etsy.com/shop/HannahNDesigns?section_id=30502306 *Due to the handmade nature of these stickers, not all of them will be exactly the same as the examples provided.* Get the full 8-pack of stickers here: https://www.etsy.com/listing/924868129/survivor-show-jeff-probst-quotes-sticker/ ***Each order of this product will LIKELY include a bonus sticker (depending on order volume and availability)***
Creativity And Innovation In Entertainment, Advertising, And Pop Culture
Calling all Survivor fans: The tribe has spoken!! Now available for purchase is an almost identical replica of the hidden immunity idol featured in Season 27 Survivor: Blood Vs Water. This piece has been created 100% from scratch, each element has been individually crafted and painted in my workshop. This piece was crafted with quality materials and is ready to wear to the next tribal council! It has been crafted with care to resemble the original immunity idol from the series - shown in picture no. 5 above - as closely as possible. In order to highlight the design of the idol this item has been made slightly larger than what appears from the show, though can still be comfortably hidden underneath swimwear as required. Grab yourself a unique piece of Survivor memorabilia, for individual immunity is what you covet! The idol comes with a tree mail note and burlap wrapping. Personalised text on the tree mail note available upon request also. Available with yellow or red cord, discount for purchase of both. ***ALL idols are shipped via standard shipping and can take 1-4 weeks to be delivered, tracked shipping available at an extra cost also *** ****Packages that are lost or delayed in the mail will no longer be replaced or refunded free of charge unless you have upgraded to tracked shipping*** **If you like this item please favorite this item and my store. I will have more Survivor immunity necklace and idol replicas coming soon!
The Tribe Has Spoken. This mug will make the perfect gift for any Survivor fan in your life. This 11oz ceramic mug is available in five accent colors. It is microwave and dishwasher safe. Do you have a favorite Survivor moment? Reach out to me for custom order information!
Who could forget these memorable castaways?
The Indo-European Language Family Indo-European was the first language family to be identified. This discovery, and the beginning of modern linguistics, can be dated to February 2, 1786 at a gathering of scientists and other interested men. Sir William Jones, speaking at the Asiatic Society in Calcutta, made this astounding statement: The Sanskrit language, whatever be its antiquity, is of a wonderful structure: more perfect than the Greek, more copious than the Latin, and more exquisitely refined than either; yet bearing to both of them a stronger affinity, both in the roots of verbs and in the forms of grammar, than could possibly have been produced by accident; so strong indeed, that no philologer could examine them all three, without believing them to have sprung from some common source, which, perhaps, no longer exists. Jones later added Persian and Celtic as likely members of this family of languages. Jones was uniquely qualified to make this discovery. His parental language was Welsh; he was taught English at school; he learned classical Greek and Latin in university where he studied law; he wrote the first English grammar of the Persian language (which earned him a reputation as one of the most respected linguists in Europe); and when appointed a judge in India at age 37 set out to learn the Sanskrit language to better understand local laws. Thus by age 40 Jones was familiar with a language in 6 (out of a total of 12) different Indo-European language branches. Indo-European languages are spoken today by over 3 billion people - about half of the world's population - as either a first or second language. These languages are divided into 10 or 12 language branches or subfamilies. See the attached graph (Figure 1.1 of The Horse, The Wheel and Language p.12) which is arranged more or less geographically. English is a member of the Germanic subfamily along with German, Dutch, Frisian, the Scandinavian languages (which includes Icelandic), Yiddish, and Afrikaans. Other languages to note include: Tocharian – two extinct languages found in western China, the farthest East branch Hittite – a member of the extinct Anatolian branch – the earliest branch to separate Romany – the language of the Gypsies of Europe, is a member of the Indic branch showing that they originated in northwest India (not to be confused with Rumanian which is a member of the Latin or Romance language branch) Source: Figure 1.1 of The Horse, The Wheel and Language p.12 About 6,000 to 5,000 years ago the parent language, called Proto-Indo-European, was spoken by a semi-nomadic tribe of people in the southern Ukraine and Russia. How their language spread and evolved into all of all these languages could be the subject for a future lecture. Today I want to show how historical linguistics and archaeology were combined to solve the puzzle of who the speakers of Proto-Indo-European were, and where and when they lived. Source: Figure 1.2 of The Horse, The Wheel and Language p.14 The Proto-Indo-European Homeland Puzzle Since the discovery of the IE language family, the location of the homeland of the original speakers has been claimed by different people to be many different places: India, Pakistan, Syria/Lebanon, the Caucasus Mountains, Turkey, Armenia, Kazakhstan, Russia, Ukraine, the Balkans and Germany. By the late 20th century linguists only seriously considered two of these – Anatolia (modern Turkey) and the steppes of southern Ukraine and Russia. And as recently as 2000, Calvert Watkins in his essay “Indo-European and the Indo-Europeans” which introduces his book The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots stated “Archaeologists have not in fact succeeded in locating the Indo-Europeans.” Colin Renfrew was a strong supporter of the other serious contender, Anatolia. Renfew's elegant proposal, published in the 1990's, had Proto-Indo-European migrant farmers carry their language along with agriculture from the Middle East to the westernmost part of Europe. But like many elegant theories, this one turned out to be not true. (I was greatly disappointed when linguistics and DNA analysis disproved Thor Heyerdahl's theories of Polynesian origins). There are, as we will see, serious problems with Renfrew's theory. Before going further, I need to emphasize one point. Proto-Indo-European is a language. It is not a culture, nor is it a genetically-definable population. Language does not necessarily follow cultural boundaries, which can be determined by archaeology. Every first year archaeology student is taught “pots are not people”. But we know that someone must have spoken this language, and they must have lived in a particular place during a particular time. So while looking for the speakers of Proto-Indo-European we need to be careful of this constraint. Clues from the Language Since Proto-Indo-European is a language, let's look first at clues to the homeland from the language itself. The American Heritage Dictionary of Indo-European Roots published in 2000 contains 1350 reconstructed root words and several thousand more words based on these roots. These words have been painstakingly reconstructed by comparing similar words (called cognates) from the daughter languages over the more than 200 years since Jones' discovery. What can we learn about the people who spoke this language from their vocabulary? - they knew four seasons with snow in winter - they were not familiar with tropical plants or animals - animals include: wolf, lynx, elk beaver, otter, mouse, fish - birds include: crane, goose, duck, eagle, woodpecker - insects: wasp, hornet, fly, louse, bee, honey (mead) - domestic animals include: dog, cattle, sheep and horse - horses play an important role in the culture - they practiced spinning and weaving of wool - they knew metallurgy - copper - they knew of the wheel and used wagons or carts (weak link in Anatolian) - they knew of boats and oars - words like nav (navigate, navy) and rowing. - gift exchange is an important part of their culture - the guest-host relation was important – *ghosti is the root of both host and guest (ghost originally meant visitor or guest) - they borrowed words from Proto-Uralic, another Eurasian language family, suggesting that the Proto-Indo-European speakers must have lived close to, and likely traded with, people who spoke Proto-Uralic who then, as now, live in northern Europe and Siberia (Hungarian is a member of this family found in Europe because of recent migration (~900CE). The seasons and animals indicate a northern location either in or adjacent to a forest. The words for bee and honey place the homeland west of the Ural Mountains as honeybees do not occur east of there. Clues to Dating Proto-Indo-European Language can also help place the Proto-Indo-European speakers in time as well as location. Agriculture was introduced to Europe between 6700 and 6500 BC while the wheel was not known until 3400 BC and woolen textiles sometime after 4000 BC. For the daughter language families to have similar words for the wheel and wool, they must have separated from Proto-Indo-European after their arrival. This effectively eliminates the Anatolian farmer immigrant theory. Besides, the two or three Anatolian languages were very similar to each other and spoken by only a small number of people in this area, which strongly suggests they are spoken by Indo-European speaking migrants to Anatolia, not by the ancestors of the language. The domestication of the horse provides additional clues. Horses were hunted for meat by the people of the steppe for millennia before they were domesticated. They were first domesticated sometime after 4800 BC, a thousand years after cattle were introduced to the area. But they were raised for their meat only. During a cool dry period (4200-3800 BC) horses would have an advantage over cattle because they can forage for themselves during the winter. [Pioneer farmers in Saskatchewan like my grandfather often turned their horses loose for the winter to manage for themselves, rounding them up in the spring]. Riding of horses began on the steppes sometime before 3700 BC and had spread to Northern Kazakhstan, the Caucasus Mountains, and into Europe, by 3000 BC. An important tool used in the dating of horse riding is bit wear on horse molars. The identification of tooth wear caused by bits of metal, bone, rope and rawhide, was pioneered by the author of The Horse, The Wheel and Language – David W. Anthony, and his wife, fellow archaeologist Dorcas Brown. There is an interesting Saskatchewan connection here. One of the experts they contacted was Hilary Clayton who began studying the mechanics of bits in horses’ mouths while working in Philadelphia, and then took a job at the Western Veterinarian College in Saskatoon. Anthony and Brown followed her to Saskatchewan in 1985 and viewed the X-ray videos she had made of horses chewing their bits. Riding horses provided a significant benefit to herders in the steppes. A man on horseback could manage a herd of cattle or sheep much larger than a man on foot. With the much later advent of wheeled carts, about 3300 BC, the herders could carry with them tents, food and water allowing them to take advantage of the vast areas between the river valleys. This opened up the steppe much as the horse did to the plains of North America 5,000 years later. Dating the Daughters Language provides clues to timing in another way. Linguists can date, with more or less certainty, when each of the daughter language branches separated from the mother language. Here is a list of the branches, in the order of separation, with the approximate date (all BC) of separation (from Figure 3.2 The Horse, The Wheel and Language p. 57). Anatolian 4200 Tocharian 3700 - 3300 Germanic 3300 Celtic / Italic 3000 Greek / Armenian 2500 Balto-Slavic 2500 Indo-Iranian 2500-2200 Clues from Archaeology – The Kurgan Cultures With the time line narrowed to the period 4000 to 2000 BC, it's time to look at the archaeological record and see who was living in the likely homelands and how well they fit with the linguistic clues. The archaeology of the Pontic-Caspian steppes was mostly carried out by Soviet scientists and published in Russian. These were not translated into English until the 1990s. Anthony was one of the first western archaeologists to study this work and relate it to the Proto-Indo-European homeland question. Anthony found a close fit with the western steppe peoples who built huge burial mounds called kurgans. Their culture varied somewhat over the Proto-Indo-European time line and also geographically from place to place within this large area, but their overall cultures were similar, especially compared to the foragers to the north and east and to the sophisticated farming cultures to the west and south. They were semi-nomadic, raising cattle and sheep. Horses were important both for meat and for riding to manage their growing herds. They used wheeled carts. They mined their own ore and made their own tools and weapons of copper, tin and bronze. Even more compelling is the evidence, from archaeology, of known migrations out of the steppes in the right directions and at the right times to account for the birth of the daughter language families. 1) to the west 4200-3900 (Anatolian) 2) to the east 3700-3300 (Tocharian) 3) to the west - several waves (Germanic, Celtic, Italic) 4) to north (Baltic, Slavic) 5) to the east and south (Iranian, Indic) I should explain that by migration I do not mean large scale movement of people displacing existing populations along with their culture and language. This may have been the case with the Pre-Tocharians who made a remarkably long migration in one jump to the Altai Mountains 2000 km to the east (equivalent to the journey made by my grandparents from southern Ontario to Saskatchewan, but without the advantage of trains). Most if not all the other migrations were by small groups who, through some combination of trade or intimidation, became rulers of existing populations. They brought with them enough of their culture to be recognized archaeologically; and they brought their language which, for a variety of reasons, was adopted by the others and continued to spread long after they were gone. Puzzle Solved While there may be a few objections to his theory not yet satisfactorily answered, Anthony is convinced that the Proto-Indo-European Homeland puzzle has been solved. Source: Figure 5.1 of The Horse, The Wheel and Language p.84 I want to finish with a quote from The Horse, The Wheel and Language p. 464 Understanding the people who lived before us is difficult, particularly the people who lived in the prehistoric tribal past. Archaeology throws a bright light on some aspects of their lives but leaves much in the dark. Historical linguistics can illuminate a few of those dark corners.
Jeffrey Franklin "Jeff" Kent is a contestant from Survivor: Philippines. Jeff immediately targeted returning player Jonathan Penner, saying his time was over, and that a new player should win the game. He exercised strong strategic control of the game throughout the pre-merge phase, even teaming up provisionally with Jonathan in order to keep tabs on the threat posed by the latter's Hidden Immunity Idol. He returned to targeting Jonathan after the merge, but lost control of the game with extreme
Colby Donaldson is a contestant from Survivor: The Australian Outback, Survivor: All-Stars, and Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains. Considered the series' first "hero", Colby was regarded for his strength and continuous winning streak when it came to individual Immunity Challenges. However, in his subsequent appearances, he has failed to live up to his original performance, even being likened to a "Superman in a fat suit" by James Clement. In The Australian Outback, Colby was known for his love-hate
John Paul "J.P." Calderon is a contestant from Survivor: Cook Islands. Although he was a physically strong player, J.P. was criticized for his bossy attitude and poor work ethic around camp. A fearing Stephannie Favor rallied to get J.P. out, successfully securing Parvati Shallow's vital vote, which resulted in J.P. being voted out in 17th place. Retrieved from CBS.com Born in Santa Monica, California, John "J.P." Calderon grew up in Marina del Rey, California. He received a full volleyball scho
Sorothaptic language has its own unique alphabet and pronunciation system. The alphabet consists of 26 letters, including both consonants and vowels. The
Jenna Morasca is the Sole Survivor of Survivor: The Amazon. She later competed on Survivor: All-Stars. Jenna formed a friendship and alliance with Heidi Strobel early on in The Amazon, with the two becoming infamous for stripping for peanut butter and chocolate during the first individual Immunity Challenge. The two became key members of the Jaburu Alliance that took control of the Jaburu tribe and the game following the merge. However, her alliance was betrayed after Rob Cesternino flipped, eve
Adam Scott Klein[2] is the Sole Survivor of Survivor: Millennials vs. Gen X. He later competed on Survivor: Winners at War. A long-time superfan of the show, Adam started Millennials vs. Gen X on the Vanua tribe, where he found himself in the minority after the first Tribal Council. He ended up in a swing vote position after the tribe switch, and eventually flipped on the Millennials majority, voting out Figgy Figueroa. After the merge, he joined the majority and eventually became a member of Da
James "Jimmy T." Tarantino is a contestant from Survivor: Nicaragua. Jimmy T.'s abrasive personality and constant nagging over being underappreciated quickly made enemies with several members of his tribe, and he was eliminated as a result. Retrieved from CBS.com Name: James "Jimmy T" Tarantino (48) Tribe: Espada Current Residence: Gloucester, Mass. Occupation: Commercial Fisherman Personal Claim to Fame: My children. Inspiration in Life: Jim Ciaramitaro. He's just a really good person. Hobbies:
Danny DeWayne McCray is a contestant from Survivor 41. Entering the game as a strong physical force, Danny managed to lay low throughout the entirety of the pre-merge due to Luvu's winning streak. He connected with tribemates Deshawn Radden and Sydney Segal, but come the merge when Sydney was the first to be voted out, he regained security by entering the All-Black Alliance with Deshawn. Making the dicey decision to vote out Shan Smith at the final eight came back to bite him as his alliance fel
Benjamin "Coach" Wade is a contestant from Survivor: Tocantins, Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains, and Survivor: South Pacific. Considered one of the most recognizable and polarizing castaways in Survivor history, Coach made a name for himself with his unorthodox ways. Describing himself as "the Dragon Slayer," he boasted of his accomplishments in a variety of esoteric hobbies, including zen meditation, classical music, and women's soccer coaching, and preened himself on his honorable tactics despit
Jessica Michele "Sugar" Kiper[1] is a contestant from Survivor: Gabon and Survivor: Heroes vs. Villains. In Gabon, Sugar came to be in the unlikely position of being a powerful force in the game after being sent to Exile Island several times and finding the Hidden Immunity Idol on her first time there. Due to being away from her tribe multiple times and facing multiple tribe switches, the competing alliances fought to get her vote following the merge. She chose to side with the Fang Alliance bef
John Burton Roberts III[1] is a contestant from Survivor: Pearl Islands. Burton earned the distinction of being one of the first two people to re-enter the game after being voted out (alongside Lillian Morris), and also the first person to be voted out twice in one season, due to being an Outcast. After returning, he and Jonny Fairplay took control of the game, blindsiding Rupert Boneham and leading the next two votes. However, Sandra Diaz-Twine rallied together the remaining women to vote out B
04/24/13 - The Survivor Know-It-Alls debate the strategy from Survivor Caramoan Episode 11