A false dilemma occurs when a limited number of choices, outcomes, or views are presented as the only possibilities.
The either-or fallacy, also known as false dilemma or false dichotomy, is a type of fallacy (logically false belief) wherein a said situation has only a limited number of alternatives. But in reality, it can have more. PsycholoGenie, in this post, explains the concept of either-or fallacy, and also cites some examples to make you understand it better.
Review nine types of logical fallacies — slippery slope, ad hominem, red herring, straw man, false dilemma, hasty generalization, post hoc ergo propter hoc (post hoc), begging the question, and bandwagon — with this fun and engaging Question Trail activity, perfect for tackling the concept of logical fallacies with high school students! Ideal for English Language Arts, Social Studies, Debate, Journalism, and more! Need a creative and engaging way to cover logical fallacies? This Question Trail activity will motivate students to identify nine different types of logical fallacies while embracing the fun of scavenger hunt! This low-prep activity comes with answer keys and is an ideal review activity! This is a low-prep resource to review logical fallacies. Use it as... A formative or summative assessment A test prep activity Part of a sub plan And more! Engage students in a creative and unique way! Students will read through 15 examples, each displaying a logical fallacy. After identifying the type of fallacy, students will move to the next question based on the directions provided. If students make a mistake, they will end up back at a question they've already visited, which will prompt them to check your work. Students will love this interactive, self-checking activity! Logical Fallacies Covered in the Resource: Slippery slope Ad hominem Red herring Straw man False dilemma Hasty generalization Post hoc ergo propter hoc (post hoc) Begging the question Bandwagon Related Products ⭐ Logical Fallacies Activity BUNDLE - Lessons & Review for ELA, Debate, & more! ⭐ Introduction to Logical Fallacies Lesson - Presentation, Notes, & Exit Ticket ⭐ Logical Fallacies Color by Code - No-Prep Activity for ELA, Debate, and more! ⭐ Literary Devices BUNDLE - No-Prep Review Activities for Secondary ELA Test Prep ⭐ Rhetorical Devices Maze - No-Prep Ethos Pathos Logos Activity Stay in Touch! Let us know how it goes in your classroom and leave a review. Remember that TPT gives you credit for future TPT purchases when you leave a review! Follow our store by clicking here and tapping the green star to get notified of new resource postings!
Should we open up the economy immediately or remain on lockdown indefinitely until a vaccine is made? Believe it or not, there are other options. It's too bad that society isn't smart enough to understand that.
Are there two sides to every argument? Sometimes, there might be more! Learn about the False Dilemma fallacy with the Excelsior OWL.
False Dilemma is a logical fallacy, when number of alternatives intentionally narrowed. Othe names - false dichotomy, no middle ground.
In this powerfully persuasive book, a Latin American economist with vast international experience argues that the economic framework of neo-liberalism and globalization is forcing a false dilemma on the nations of the South. The idea that these countries must integrate their economies into the global economy by means of export-led growth, or risk economic marginalization and stagnation, runs counter to the actual evidence of economic history. Nor is it inevitable that state and market be in diametric opposition. What is more, the roots of current global economic instability lie not in the South, but in an enduring crisis of the productivity of capital in the G-7 countries. With clarity, wit and abundant empirical evidence, Oscar Ugarteche explores the internal inconsistencies of neoliberal economic theory. He argues that the fundamental question is not whether to export, but why. And the ultimate goal of any country's economic policy must be the development of the internal market and the pursuit of the wellbeing of society as a whole. These considerations, in turn, can shape the extent and manner in which exports are promoted. Ugarteche lays out the case for a strong, innovative and interventionist state that mediates private interests with the larger national interest. Only if the state invests in its people, the social and the physical infrastructure, applied technological research and a new generation of domestic manufacturing industry can a path of rapid growth become possible, which integrates, rather than marginalizing, the majority of the population, reduces poverty rather than increasing inequality. In short, the South must reject the false logic of globalization that there is no choice, and recognize instead that the real folly is to integrate with the global market without developing the internal market.
Explanation. Examples. How to avoid the False Dilemma fallacy. What the False Dilemma fallacy is: The False Dilemma fallacy, also known as the false dichotomy, arises when an argument presents a situation as if there are only two possible options, overlooking alternative possibilities or a spectrum of choices. When it occurs: This fallacy occurs
Are there two sides to every argument? Sometimes, there might be more! Learn about the False Dilemma fallacy with the Excelsior OWL.
In his early twenties, a young man faced a dilemma that left him questioning his decisions and seeking advice. At
Would you, as a parent, say your youngster with Asperger’s (AS) or High Functioning Autism (HFA) does any of the following: Judges himself as strong or weak, smart or stupid? Looks for too much certainty in a world full of uncertainty? Over-monitors his decisions as right or wrong, good or bad? Reacts emotionally when things don't look right? Thinks in terms of extremes (i.e., all or nothing, black or white)? If so, then your child may be experiencing a “false dilemma." In other words, she believes she is stuck in an awful predicament, when in reality, she is not. When AS and HFA children fall victim to a false dilemma, they have mistakenly reduced an entire spectrum of possibilities down to the two most extreme options, each the polar opposite of the other without any shades of grey in between. Often, those categories are of their own creation, and they are attempting to force the world to conform to their preconceptions about what it should look like. A false dilemma means seeing the world only in terms of extremes. If things aren't "perfect," then they must be "horrible." If your youngster isn't "brilliant," then he thinks he must be "stupid." In real-life, situations are almost always shades of gray – not black or white. Falling victim to a false dilemma tends to exacerbate depression, anxiety, and a host of other everyday problems. Unfortunately, under duress, AS and HFA children often regress to a primitive way of thinking. They are most prone to regressing to primitive thinking when they are having a hard time and feel overwhelmed by their own emotions. A “regression” is a backsliding from age-appropriate functioning/thinking to more immature ways of functioning/thinking. For that one moment, when the child starts relying on the words "always" or "never" and views the world in black and white terms, she is slipping back to the way she saw the world as a toddler. Problems associated with false dilemmas: A false dilemma often creates “artificial needs” in the child’s life that lead to disappointment and depression. This is his tendency to think that he “must” have something, or he “must” do something, or life “must” be a certain way – otherwise it will be unbearable. The false dilemma doesn’t open him up to the possibility that, even if life doesn’t work out exactly the way he thinks it should, he can still be happy. When the child only see things in black and white, she misses out on alternative ways of viewing the world. These other perspectives may be just as good if not better than her current perspective. A false dilemma often creates a false choice between “A” and “B,” when “C” is the more accurate and helpful view. Unfortunately, if the child only thinks in black and white terms, then she is unlikely to even consider “C” a possibility in the first place. A false dilemma makes AS and HFA children less adaptive to their surroundings. This hinders their development. It’s also what keeps them stuck in old habits and thought patterns. A false dilemma doesn’t just hurt the child, but also the relationships he tries to build with others. When he views the world in strict and over-simplistic terms, he is less likely to compromise and cooperate with others to meet common interests. This is because he doesn’t see the grey areas in life (which is a mind-blindness issue that most kids on the spectrum experience). He believes everything needs to be a specific way, and he isn’t willing to deviate from this narrow view of the world. This makes him stubborn and frustrating to live with. ==> Teaching Social Skills and Emotion Management Most AS and HFA children simply do not have the vocabulary to describe the middle ground. For example, the child either considers someone to be a friend or not. The concept of different levels of friendship and the gradual building of trust may be unknown. Perhaps worst of all for children on the autism spectrum is the perfectionism pursuant to a false dilemma – and the self-condemnation which may follow. Many AS and HFA children often think they should be doing everything “right,” because if it’s not right (i.e., perfect), it’s certainly wrong. In this way, the false dilemma may underlie some of the “refusals” and “difficulty initiating” that parents and teachers often see in these children. So, learning (which involves, first, not knowing things and gradually learning them while making mistakes along the way) can be an excruciating process. Starting a writing assignment, for example, can be overwhelming to the point of paralysis. How parents and teachers can help the AS or HFA child who experiences frequent false dilemmas: AS and HFA children need to be taught two important concepts: (1) gradual change and (2) the vocabulary fitting specific situations. 1. First is to help the child perceive the concept of a graduated scale, levels, steps, processes, etc. There are numerous ways to make the concept concrete and establish a metaphor for reference. For example: a glass filling with water (empty gradually, changing to full) day versus night (view the in-between, dawn or sunset) downstairs versus upstairs (take the stairs, stop partway) speedometer (you can’t go from 1 to 100 in a quantum leap) an actual grayscale in Photoshop could be used for those children who are into graphics or photography Choose a metaphor to which your youngster may easily relate, and may fit the situation you first want to address. Depending on the age of the child and cognitive level, you can use the real items, drawings, or just conversation to develop the “graduated levels” concept. 2. Never try to “reason with” a child on the autism spectrum. Logic, reasoning, and explanation unfortunately results in the youngster becoming angry and more insistent on his viewpoint. It is better to let him have his viewpoint. When you catch yourself feeling frustrated that he simply won’t listen to reason, you need to recognize that he is stuck in a false dilemma and end the conversation. At a later point in time, when he is calm, you can bring up the topic and together make a list of all the possible ways to view the situation or all the possible solutions. Write down all possible ideas regardless of how good they are, and do not make negative comments; otherwise, your youngster will become resistant. Write the pros and cons of each one and then discuss which idea looks the best. Through this technique, you are teaching your youngster how to look at situations from another perspective. He may still rigidly hold to his original idea, but at least you are teaching him how to consider other options. Also, you can encourage him to think about what someone else would do if they were in his situation. He may also be responsive to a suggestion that he ask others what they would do. Resources for parents of children and teens on the autism spectrum: ==> How to Prevent Meltdowns and Tantrums in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder ==> Parenting System that Reduces Defiant Behavior in Teens with Autism Spectrum Disorder ==> Launching Adult Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: Guide for Parents Who Want to Promote Self-Reliance ==> Teaching Social-Skills and Emotion-Management to Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder ==> Parenting Children and Teens with High-Functioning Autism: Parents' Comprehensive Handbook ==> Unraveling the Mystery Behind High-Functioning Autism: Audio Book ==> Crucial Research-Based Parenting Strategies for Children and Teens with High-Functioning Autism Comments: • Anonymous said... I have Asperger Syndrome, and I also have trouble understanding where grey areas lie. Here are some things you can try that might help your child (or the child you work with) who is on the Autism Spectrum understand more about grey areas. Next time you have your child in the car with you, show him/her a traffic light, and explain what each of the lights mean. The red light means stop, the green light means go/keep going, and the yellow light means slow down and be ready to stop if you need to. If the traffic light has an arrow, this means it's only safe/unsafe to go in this direction. The yellow light and the arrow may be used as grey areas between stop and go. Also, have your child observe the light changing colors. Another thing you can do is while your child (or the child you work with) is waiting for his/her school bus, explain what the school bus lights and other signals mean. When the yellow lights turn on, this means that it's going to be time for your child to get on/off the bus soon, and that all other vehicles on the road should be ready to stop if needed. When the red lights turn on and the stop sign comes out, this means it's time for your child to get on/off the bus, and all other vehicles on the road NEED TO STOP, and may not go again until the stop sign closes and the red lights turn off. • Anonymous said... Many thanks for writing this blog. As a 50-something adult on the spectrum, I am giving the tips my energy and will endeavor to continue toward a place of grayer thinking. "My Aspergers Child" stuff often works for we elders, too. Great insight, I truly appreciate and will share (giving you credit, of course). Best! Liane Holliday Willey, EdD • Anonymous said... This is a great post, and would be really helpful in a video-type format, as my son's Aspie Dad has real issues with this, and would benefit from this info. Alas, he finds wordy posts like this make him tune out. On the other hand, it is a helpful read for me, so thank you! Post your comment below…
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Countless Christians live a frustrating live between the guilt of passivity and exhaustion from endless activity for God. Douglas Webster brings Christians this book, The Discipline of Surrender: Biblical Images of Discipleship to help them realize that there is a sense of peace from surrendering our lives to God. Webster explores the bible to illuminate the hear and soul of life in Christ, in hopes of propelling us toward lives of humility, courage, and complete dependence on God.
Make rhetorical devices come alive for your high school students. This interactive rhetorical device activity isn't a typical worksheet - it feels like a game! With just glue sticks and scissors, simply print out the pdf and you're ready to dive in.Give your classroom a break from screens and engag...
Most accounts on the Spanish transition to democracy of the late 1970s are based on a false dilemma. Its simplest formulation could be: was it the pressure from below, i.e. the organized working classes, students and neighbors associations that triggered political change; or was the elite settlement reached by the regime soft-liners and the moderate sectors of the democratic opposition that established it? This new and innovative volume appraises the movement towards a more democratic Spain from a variety of important perspectives; the collection of essays sheds light on the wide range of crucial processes, institutions and actors involved in the political transformation that operated in the Spanish instance of the Third Wave of democratization. By making comparisons to other democratic transitions, synthesizing the ideas of several leading Spanish History scholars, as well as incorporating new voices involved in creating the directions of research to come, The Politics and Memory of Democratic Transition offers a thorough and vital look at this key period in contemporary Spanish history, taking stock of critical lessons to be gleaned from the Spanish Transition, and pointing the way toward its future as a democratic nation.
Have you ever found yourself feeling trapped between two extreme options, even when you suspected there was a middle ground? You may have encountered a
The concept "The Autistic Dilemma" describes others declaring autistic people too autistic or not autistic enough based on false premises about functioning.
A false dilemma (also called the fallacy of the false alternative, false dichotomy, the either-or fallacy, fallacy of the excluded middle, fallacy of false choice, black-and/or-white thinking, or t…
Have you ever found yourself feeling trapped between two extreme options, even when you suspected there was a middle ground? You may have encountered a
If you have tried teaching logical fallacies and found them to be dry and boring, look no further. These cards have been designed to make learning about fallacies not only practical but also engaging and fun. The False Dilemma Activity Set is designed to help students, educators and anyone learn about logical fallacies. The use of comics makes it easy to understand and memorable. This Activity Set includes: Activity Guide - tips on how to make each activity practical, engaging and fun! Questions To Think About - questions to help us spot fallacies and not be so easily misled! Definition - definition of the fallacy Comic - illustration of the fallacy Draw-Your-Own-Comic - a set of panels to create your own comical example Bonus: Answer Sheet - full answers Whether you're a student, a teacher, or just someone who wants to learn more about logical fallacies, this worksheet set is the perfect resource for you! HOW CAN YOU USE THEM? After downloading the digital file that includes 2 x 8 pages (1 Colour and 1 B&W PDF), you can either print it or display them on your computer. However, the activity set is ideal when it is printed (back-to-back) and laminated to be re-used time and time again. This makes it perfect for teachers in the classroom, homeschoolers and tutors. They are designed for learners in high school and beyond but are also perfect for the whole family. IMPORTANT NOTES: - Please understand that after downloading, we cannot refund your purchase. However, we encourage you to contact us directly with any problems or suggestions for improvement. We will send you a new copy of the worksheet set with the problem fixed, or when the product has been improved. Your feedback helps us create the most effective products possible and also helps your students learn most effectively. - These Worksheet Sets are intended for your PERSONAL USE ONLY and are not to be shared, sold or distributed under any circumstances. They are also not for resale or commercial use. MOST OF ALL: Please leave feedback after you have used the resource with your students. Your feedback will help us make them better. If there are any problems with your resource, we will fix the problem and email you a new copy. Curriculum Alignment (Details below): The following outlines how the Activity Set meets the standards or outcomes of the Australian National Curriculum, UK National Curriculum, and US Common Core State Standards. Although each of these curricula may not always explicitly mention "critical thinking" or "logical fallacies", they do encourage critical thinking (a core aspect of logical fallacies) in various ways from Grades 6 and above. Here are the key ways in which critical thinking is emphasised in these national curricula: Australia (Australian National Curriculum): In the Australian National Curriculum, critical thinking is encouraged through the development of general capabilities. Some key aspects include: Critical and Creative Thinking: This capability is explicitly mentioned and emphasizes skills such as problem-solving, analysis, and evaluation. Students are expected to think critically and creatively across various subject areas. Research Skills: Students are encouraged to conduct research, analyze information, and use evidence to support their arguments, which involves critical thinking. Inquiry-Based Learning: The curriculum promotes inquiry-based learning, where students are expected to ask questions, gather data, and draw conclusions, fostering critical thinking skills. United Kingdom (UK National Curriculum): In the UK National Curriculum, critical thinking is promoted through various subjects and general expectations: English: Students are expected to analyze texts critically, evaluate evidence, and develop persuasive arguments. Mathematics: Problem-solving and reasoning are central to mathematics. Students are encouraged to think critically and justify their solutions. Science: The scientific method emphasizes critical thinking, analysis of evidence, and drawing conclusions. History and Geography: Analyzing historical and geographical data and considering multiple perspectives require critical thinking. Citizenship: Students explore political and social issues, requiring them to think critically about their rights, responsibilities, and societal challenges. Information Literacy: In an age of information overload, students are expected to critically evaluate information sources for reliability and bias. United States (Common Core State Standards): In the US Common Core State Standards, critical thinking is integrated into subject-specific standards and the broader goals for students: English Language Arts (ELA): Students are expected to analyze texts, evaluate arguments, and develop persuasive writing, requiring critical thinking. Mathematics: The Standards for Mathematical Practice emphasize problem-solving, reasoning, and critiquing the reasoning of others. Science: The Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS), adopted by many states, promote scientific inquiry, evidence-based thinking, and argumentation. Research Skills: Students are encouraged to conduct research, evaluate information, and use evidence to support their claims. Social Studies: Analyzing historical events, evaluating primary and secondary sources, and considering various perspectives require critical thinking. These curricula may not explicitly state "critical thinking" as a standalone outcome, but they are designed to foster critical thinking skills within various subjects and educational activities. Educators play a significant role in promoting and assessing critical thinking within their teaching based on their region's curriculum expectations.
This file includes 24 posters designed to colorfully decorate your room with knowledge of logical fallacies. Each poster includes the term, the definition, and an example. Words included are: Inductive Reasoning Deductive Reasoning Claim Argument Conclusion Premises Logical Fallacy Appeals to Emotion Scare Tactics Flattery Peer Pressure Logical Imposters False Dilemma Slippery Slope Circular Reasoning Two Wrong Make a Right Distractors/Distorters Ad Hominem Red Herring Straw Man Hasty Generalizations Biased Generalizations Non Sequitur Other Word Walls Available: All Word Walls can be found in a bundle at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/ELA-Word-Wall-Bundle-Plot-Poetry-Rhetoric-Logic-Thinking-Foreign-Words-845664 Thinking and Problem Solving Word Wall can be found at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Thinking-and-Problem-Solving-Wall-Signs-for-Word-Wall-341233 Plot Word Wall can be found at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Plot-Story-Elements-Informational-Posters-Word-Wall-Printables-331698 Rhetoric, Reasoning, and Logic Word Wall can be found at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Rhetoric-Reasoning-Logic-Intro-to-Argument-Word-Wall-Poster-Printables-363259 Foreign Words and Phrases Word Wall can be found at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Foreign-Words-and-Phrases-Word-Wall-Poster-Printables-355784 Poetic Elements Word Wall can be found at http://www.teacherspayteachers.com/Product/Poetry-Informational-Posters-Basic-Skills-Fig-Lang-Form-Sound-335561
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One False Move is the story of Anthony William Lee and how his life has taken a drastic change during the same week as the United States Career Aptitude test. He joins a rebel group and goes undercover in a dystopian United States; but is that the way things will stay? The ultimate ethical dilemma? become a double agent? kill? The lines of the constitution are blurred, the document is going up in flames; what will he choose?
"Who's to Say?" Two-Tone Mug Step back into a world of nostalgia, spiced with a hint of humor, with our two-tone "Who's to Say?" mug. Inspired by John Mulaney's clever take on the true/false question dilemma, this mug introduces a playful third option, "Who's to Say?", that stands out against the vibrant two-tone design. The colorful interior contrasts beautifully with the white exterior, bringing a cheerful pop of color to your beverage enjoyment. Key Highlights: Striking Two-Tone Design: The bright interior color contrasts delightfully with the white exterior, making your coffee time a bit more colorful. Crafted for Quality: This 11oz mug is made from premium, BPA-free ceramic, offering both microwave and dishwasher safety for ease of use. Comedy at its Finest: An essential item for fans of John Mulaney, capturing the essence of his humor in a practical, everyday item. Perfect for anyone who loves a good chuckle with their coffee, this mug makes a thoughtful gift for Mulaney fans and a fun addition to any mug collection.
17 multiple choice questions: Ad hominem, Begging the question, Slippery slope, Straw man, Either-or/false dilemma, Hasty generalization, Appeals to False Authority, Scare tactics, Faulty Causality, Sentimental Appeals, Equivocation, Bandwagon Appeals, Non Sequitur, Faulty Analogy, Dogmatism, Moral Equivalence. Answer Key Included.
Andy Gordon and Hank Harrison both retired in their mid-fifties - Andy, by choice, and Hank as the result of a corporate downsizing. They faced the dilemma of deciding what to do with the rest of their lives. After a chance meeting, Andy and Hank agreed to join forces and search for something significant to do with their abundant free time. They called it \"Plan B\". After several false starts, they stumbled upon an idea that would change the future for thousands of people by slowing down aging, renewing vitality, and dramatically increasing mental prowess. To test the validity of their concept, they enticed their wives and friends to experiment with the program. The results were so dramatic they decided to start a company to bring their breakthrough to the world. Could the Super Train program also increase longevity? Only time would tell.
