We are going to continue with isomerism. Enantiomers: non-superimposable mirror images. They can only occur when chiral centers are present. NOTE: two molecules that are enantiomers will always have opposite absolute configurations (one has R, the other will have S, and vice versa). Optical Activity: a compound that rotates the plane of polarized light is said to be optically active. **A pair of enantiomers will rotate plane-polarized light with equal magnitude, but in opposite directions If it rotates clockwise it is said to be dextrorotarory (d), also denoted (+) If it rotates counterclockwise it is said to be levorotatory (l), also denoted (-) Specific rotation: the magnitude of rotation of plane-polarized light for any compound **Racemic mixtures are not optically active One last EXTREMELY IMPORTANT NOTE: (+) and (-) say nothing about whether the absolute configuration is R or S. Therefore, there is no correlation between the sign of rotation and the absolute configuration. Diastereomers: stereoisomers that are not enantiomers; they are non-superimposable, non-mirror images. Take a look at the picture for a better understanding.
Seminars held by the worlds top universities generally present the most up to date and respected ideas in relation to conducting research. Recently, I was lucky enough to attend a conference where …
Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease that affects the thyroid, a small gland in the front of your throat. Triggered by the pituitary gland, your
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Abdominal (tummy) pain is one of the most common presentations to the emergency department. The causes lie on a spectrum that ranges from harmless to life-threatening. Having a differential diagnosis (ddx) in mind helps guide medics through assessment, triage appropriately, and choose relevant inves
To our grade 7 profs: Nous sommes so sorry 😞
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Abdominal (tummy) pain is one of the most common presentations to the emergency department. The causes lie on a spectrum that ranges from harmless to life-threatening. Having a differential diagnosis (ddx) in mind helps guide medics through assessment, triage appropriately, and choose relevant inves
Classification of viruses on the basis of genome. Viral nomenclature has used a variety of virion features. Effort to classify viruses
I tried many different study methods, some more effective than others. Some worked well for certain classes and not for others, so I had to adjust for each class and each professor. Hopefully this …
