To grasp the genetics of intelligence, let's start with some biology basics. Our bodies have trillions of cells, and in each cell's nucleus, there's DNA. DNA
Are you looking for a DNA centimorgan chart? In this post, find the best one out there so far. I'll explain how to use and understand the chart, too!
To grasp the genetics of intelligence, let's start with some biology basics. Our bodies have trillions of cells, and in each cell's nucleus, there's DNA. DNA
Non-Homologous End Joining (NHEJ) explained in simple terms
Learn how to kickstart the process of DNA activation, healing and repair in your body, which groundbreaking Epigenetics research has now proven is possible.
Researchers from the University of Edinburgh found that smart people have fewer genetic mutations that negatively affect intelligence and health than people who aren't intelligent.
To grasp the genetics of intelligence, let's start with some biology basics. Our bodies have trillions of cells, and in each cell's nucleus, there's DNA. DNA
What is DNA activation? Can we use it to garner health benefits and even help deepen our spiritual progress, by exploiting epigenetics?
Using DNA in your genealogy research doesn't have to be confusing or intimidating. Check out these 5 resources to help you get started with genetic genealogy.
Discover the meaning of 12 strand DNA activation, what it is, how it works, and how it can benefit you. Is there such a thing as DNA activation "codes"?
Beyond Science: How to Talk to Your DNA by Michelle Walling, CHLC Our DNA holds the secrets of immortality and wellness. Within it lies the wisdom of not only our genetic ancestors but our past and future life experiences as well. We have been told that we will be activating ten strands of dormant 'junk' DNA that are overlaid in the two active strands of DNA that we currently operate with. How can we activate this extra DNA in order to access the wisdom needed to move forward? What is DNA? DNA lies in the nucleus of each cell in our body except for red blood cells. The blood in the body carries DNA but only in the white blood cells of the blood since red blood cells do not have nuclei. The instructions for the blueprint of our human body is replicated in full in each nucleus. In essence our body is one large hologram with each cell containing a complete pattern of DNA and all cells make up the whole of our physical existence. Besides serving as a template, DNA serves as a place to…
Download this Premium Vector about Crispr cas9 concept. biochemical engineering medical gen research mutation biology dna modification background, and discover more than 142 Million Professional Graphic Resources on Freepik. #freepik #vector #helix #dnahelix #genome
Based on 10 years of organizational design (“organizational DNA”) research and 220,000 diagnostic surveys, here’s what we’ve learned about building high-performance companies.
Are you recognizing all of your DNA cousin matches? Try making a surname table and quickly catch all of those autosomal relatives,
Introduction The quest to uncover our ancestral roots is more than a pursuit of knowledge; it’s a journey into the heart of who we are. Family history research offers a unique window into the…
Do you match each other on the X-chromosome? In order to answer this question it is best if you upload your raw DNA data to Gedmatch.com, as this is the best way currently available to assess if there is a match on the X-chromosome. Instructions on how to upload your results can be found here. 23andMe have an X-chromosome browser which can also be useful, and FTDNA is planning to introduce one at some point in 2013. A match on the X chromosome helps to limit the possible ancestral lines down which the DNA you share with your match could have passed. The X chromosome can only be passed down certain ancestral lines. Daughters receive one X-chromosome from each parent, sons receive an X only from their mother, but a Y from their father. For this reason, as you go back along your ancestral lines, anytime you hit a male ancestor, the X line cannot continue back through that male ancestor's father – it can only continue through his mother. The diagram below shows the X chromosome inheritance pathways - orange arrows indicate the path of the X chromosome, blue arrows the path of the Y chromosome. The X chromosome in the man at the bottom of the diagram is inherited only from his mother (orange arrow), who in turn could have got it from either her father or her mother, but her father could only have got it from his mother. Thus, as you trace the line of X-inheritance back, as soon as you hit a male, the line of X-inheritance can only continue back through his mother’s side. This effectively excludes all the ancestors on the paternal side of each male encountered as you go back through the family tree. Fabulous! The X-inheritance pathways for men and women are illustrated in the Ancestor Fan Charts below, using me and my maternal aunt as examples. The only ancestors from whom the X could have been inherited are contained within the boundaries of the red lines. There are several unique characteristics of X-chromosome inheritance including the following: If a male matches someone on his X-chromosome, this means that the common ancestor can only be on his maternal side. All the ancestors on his paternal side are immediately eliminated from consideration as possible candidates. (Caveat: the only possible exception would be if the match on the X-chromosome was a weak match - in other words, if only a very small portion of DNA on the X was shared between the two matching individuals. In such circumstances, the chances of the match being a “false positive” could be quite high. False positive matches are discussed further in the section on IBS vs IBD.) The further back you go in your ancestral tree, the smaller the percentage of ancestors that could have passed you your X chromosome. This is illustrated in the tables below the charts. Fathers pass on their X-chromosome unchanged to their daughters (i.e. it has not undergone recombination – click here for an explanation). Therefore, it is identical to the X-chromosome that he got from his own mother. In other words, girls inherit one unchanged (albeit recombined) X-chromosome from their father’s mother. On the other hand, a mother passes on an X-chromosome that has undergone recombination (and therefore represents a mixture of her two X-chromosomes, the one she got from her father and the one she got from her own mother). It follows therefore, that there is less recombination of the X on those ancestral lines that have more males, and more recombination on those lines that have more females. As a result, the amount of X-DNA that is passed down from any given ancestor is greater for those ancestors who sit on ancestral lines with more males, and lower for those ancestors who sit on ancestral lines with more females. (In the charts below, the “male heavy” ancestral lines are toward the left hand side of the enclosed red area, while the “female heavy” ancestral lines are towards the right hand side of the enclosed red area). The final chart below illustrates the average percentage of X-DNA inherited from each ancestor. X Inheritance Pathways in Men Below is the same sort of chart but illustrating the ahnentafel numbers of the ancestors concerned. Boys are in blue, girls are in pink. This is reproduced here with kind permission of Blaine Bettinger who uses these charts in his blog post here. X Inheritance Pathways in Women Below is the same kind of chart, but using ahnentafel numbers to illustrate the only ancestors who could have passed on an X. This is again used with kind permission of Blaine Bettinger. Implications of X inheritance pathways in Men & Women If you are man, a match on the X substantially reduces the number of ancestors who could have passed down the segments of DNA you share with your match. At the level of your great grandparents, only three out of the eight of them (37.5%) could have passed on any X-DNA to you. And if we go even further back, say to the level of your 5x great grandparents, only 21 out of the whole 128 of them (16.4%) could have passed on any X-DNA to you, thus ... Generational level Generation Possible candidate ancestors - fraction % ancestors Relation to match 1 Me 1/1 100% 2 Parents 1/2 50% Sibling 3 Grandparents 2/4 50% 1st cousin 4 great GP 3/8 37.5% 2nd cousin 5 2x g GP 5/16 31.25% 3rd cousin 6 3x g GP 8/32 25% 4th cousin 7 4x g GP 13/64 20.3% 5th cousin 8 5x g GP 21/128 16.4% 6th cousin Similarly, if you are a woman, matches on the X also reduce the number of lineages down which the matching DNA could have been passed, although by not quite so much as that seen in males. An X-match thus narrows down the number of potential candidates for common ancestor between the person tested and their match ... Generational level Generation Possible candidate ancestors - fraction % ancestors Relation to match 1 Me 1/1 100% 2 Parents 2/2 100% Sibling 3 Grandparents 3/4 75% 1st cousin 4 G GP 5/8 62.5% 2nd cousin 5 2x g GP 8/16 50% 3rd cousin 6 3x g GP 13/32 40.6% 4th cousin 7 4x g GP 21/64 32.8% 5th cousin 8 5x g GP 34/128 26.5% 6th cousin Furthermore, because the X-chromosome that a man inherited from his mother is passed on unchanged to his own daughter, any ancestral X-line that contains a lot of men will contain more X-DNA than a line that contains a lot of women. You can se this in the diagram below - look at the line toward the left that goes blue-pink-blue-pink and so on, and compare it to the one on the far right / bottom that is all pink. At the top gnerational level (5x great grandparents), the ancestor in the alternating blue & pink line passes on an average of 12.5% of the total X-DNA, whereas the ancestor in the all-pink line only passes on 1.6% of the total DNA (8 times less). . % of X-DNA contributed by different ancestors (in a male) This chart illustrates the average percentage of X-DNA inherited from each ancestor – this is a population average and can vary considerably from person to person, but nevertheless can be useful in helping to focus attention on the most likely ancestral line on which the common ancestor sits. For example, if the suggested relationship between you and your match is 4th cousin (which implies a common 3x great grandparent), and the percent of X-DNA you share is 20%, then the most likely of your ancestral lines to house the common ancestor is the most “male heavy” one on the left hand side of the coloured area above. This chart is used with permission from Blaine Bettinger who used it in his blog here. A worked example According to Gedmatch, JH and MB also match each other on the X chromosome, thus: There are only certain ancestral lines down which the X-chromosome can be passed (marked with a red X in the Bow Tie charts below). Therefore, this match on the X effectively eliminates certain ancestral lines from consideration on both my tree and my matches tree - ancestors without a red X are “highly unlikely” to be candidates for the common ancestor and the ancestral lines on which they lie need not be considered further. Links, Reources, & Further Reading Roberta Estes combines a variety of the techniques we are discussing to narrow down the list of potential candidates for her Common Ancestor in Revealing American Indian and Minority Heritage Using Y-line, Mitochondrial, Autosomal and X-Chromosomal Testing Data Combined with Pedigree Analysis. This article was published in JOGG (the Journal of Genetic Genealogy) Fall 2010, Vol. 6, Number 1, pp1-37. Blaine Bettinger discuses the dynamics of X-chromosome inheritance and its application to genealogy in two blogs from December 2008 and January 2009. Jim Owston blogs about his experience of Phasing the X chromosome. In her blog entitled X Marks the Spot, Roberta Estes writes about the practical application of X-chromosome inheritance in her own family.
Discover the meaning of 12 strand DNA activation, what it is, how it works, and how it can benefit you. Is there such a thing as DNA activation "codes"?
Unsure about Centimorgans and DNA Segments? Discover our guide as well as our helpful DNA Relationship/Centimorgan Chart.
What is a haplogroup? How do I use DNA haplogroups to learn about my genetic story? Your DNA Guide is your source for answers to these and other questions.
Biopsychology is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain, neurotransmitters, and other aspects of our biology influence our behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.
This product includes: 1. Editable Vector .AI file Compatibility: Adobe Illustrator CC 2. Editable Vector .EPS-10 file Compatibility: Most Vector Editing Software 3. High-resolution JPG image 6000 x 3140 px License terms in short: Use for everything except reselling item itself. Read a full license here
If you already know something DNA and molecular biology techniques, I’m sure that you too will be laughing your knockers off about the pun in this post’s title. You see? An understandin…
Biopsychology is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain, neurotransmitters, and other aspects of our biology influence our behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.
This product includes: 1. Editable Vector .AI file Compatibility: Adobe Illustrator CC Includes Editable Text Font SuezOne (Under Free Open Font License) 2. Editable Vector .EPS-10 file Compatibility: Most Vector Editing Software 3. High-resolution JPG image 4800 x 3789 px License terms in short: Use for everything except reselling item itself. Read a full license here
In 2012, the most recent year for which the information is available, there were 8.2 million cancer-related deaths worldwide. Chemotherapy is a...
When using DNA test results as evidence in genealogy, it’s important to understand contextual information about DNA inheritance patterns and amounts of DNA shared between relatives. This cont…
Biopsychology is a branch of psychology that analyzes how the brain, neurotransmitters, and other aspects of our biology influence our behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.
This product includes: 1. Editable Vector .AI file Compatibility: Adobe Illustrator CC 2. Editable Vector .EPS-10 file Compatibility: Most Vector Editing Software 3. High-resolution JPG image 6000 x 3140 px License terms in short: Use for everything except reselling item itself. Read a full license here
Art.com | We Are Art We exist so you can have the art you love. Art.com gives you easy access to incredible art images and top-notch craftsmanship. High-Quality Framed Art Prints Our high-end framed wall art is printed on premium paper using non-toxic, archival inks that protect against UV light to resist fading. Experience unmatched quality and style as you choose from a wide range of designs to enhance your room décor. Professionally Crafted Framed Wall Art Attention to detail is at the heart of our process, as we exclusively use 100% solid wood frames that include 4-ply white core matboard and durable, frame-grade clear acrylic for clarity, long-lasting protection of the artwork and unrivaled quality. With a thoughtfully selected frame and mat combination, this piece is designed to complement your art and create a visually appealing display. Easy-to-Hang & Ready-to-Display Artwork Each framed art piece comes with hanging hardware affixed to the back of the frame, allowing for easy and convenient installation. Ready to display right out of the box. Handcrafted in the USA. DNA analysis. Graphs showing the results of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) sequencing. The Print This photographic print leverages sophisticated digital technology to capture a level of detail that is absolutely stunning. The colors are vivid and pure. The high-quality archival paper, a favorite choice among professional photographers, has a refined luster quality. Paper Type: Photographic Print Finished Size: 24" x 24" Arrives by Sat, Jun 29 Product ID: 22105921243A
Are you recognizing all of your DNA cousin matches? Try making a surname table and quickly catch all of those autosomal relatives,
Our DNA expert shares how she applied her own DNA results to her genealogy research, and how make these strategies your own.
DNA Activation LevelOne is one of the most powerful sound based program for activating the multi-strand DNA. A series of 4 soundscapes begins your journey within.
Mark Orwig is the writer of the Genealogy Explained website, and he has created a neat graphic to explain the answer to the question posed ...
DNA testing for genealogy research is helping researchers break down brick walls. Finding DNA education opportunities does not have to be hard.
