Visit the post for more.

Fancy a road trip down the East Coast, ferreting out some beautiful hidden gems and secret towns? Or looking for a scenic East Coast weekend getaway without crowds? If so, I’ve got you covered with

Hospital Sketches Block #9 by Becky Brown Our last block in Hospital Sketches recalls a giant field hospital set up after the Battle of Gettysburg in July, 1863. Gettysburg's three-day fight in Union territory resulted in the largest number of casualties in the war with 45,000 to 51,000 soldiers killed, wounded, missing or captured. Neighborhood volunteers were joined by official staff who traveled to tend to the wounded, among them several women discussed earlier, such as Georgiana Woolsey and Annie Bell. Sarah Middleton Robbins Broadhead (1831- 1910) Quaker Sarah Broadhead, 32 years old, was one of the Gettysburg volunteers. Four days after the battle: "This morning we started out to see the wounded, with as much food as we could scrape together, and some old quilts and pillows. It was very little, but yet better than nothing.... I assisted in feeding some of the severely wounded, when I perceived that they were suffering on account of not having their wounds dressed. I did not know whether I could render any assistance in that way, but I thought I would try. July 8 — Again at the hospital early this morning. Several physicians and lady nurses had come on from Washington the previous evening, and under their care things already began to look better." Block 9 by Janet Perkins Dr. Jonathan Letterman (1824-1872) The Union Army soon established a hospital near the railroad east of Gettysburg, naming it Camp Letterman for Dr. Jonathan Letterman, Medical Director for the Army of the Potomac who'd ably attended to wounded after the Battle of Antietam a year earlier. The hospital, which operated for only five months, was a huge temporary complex. Camp Letterman, 1863 Decorating hospitals with evergreen swags and wreaths was considered cheering. One learns to recognize photos of Camp Letterman by the decor. Block #9 by Bettina Havig During the weeks after the battle the wounded Union and Confederate soldiers were moved to more permanent hospitals or sent home while 4,200 too injured to travel remained at the Camp. The site began with 400 tent wards, each treating 10 soldiers. Dark days inspire black humor. Here Drs. Chamberlain and Lyford pose with a patient and two of their victims in their "Office." Camp Letterman was well-photographed. Organizations such as the Sanitary Commission, the Christian Commission and the State Relief Agencies set up their own areas. Sanitary Commission offices under an arch. The seated man with the white beard is New Yorker Gordon Winslow. The woman is probably Mrs. H.C. May Gordon Winslow (1807-1864) Winslow was a chaplain and a Sanitary Commission administrator. The King of Prussia Historical Society has a series of Gettysburg photographs labeled with names, helping us identify the people at Camp Letterman. http://www.kophistory.org/publicViewer.php?ID=120 The center woman in the plaid dress is Anna Morris Holstein, who served with her husband Major William Holstein in supplying the field hospitals for the Army of the Potomac. Anna Morris Ellis Holstein (1825-1900) CDV of Anna taken during the war with the field photo superimposed. Anna Holstein was from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. After the Battle of Antietam in 1862 she and her husband "gave up our sweet country home, and from that date were 'dwellers in tents,' occupied usually in field hospitals, choosing that work because there was the greatest need, and knowing that while many were willing to work at home, but few could go to the front." Major William Hayman Holstein, Seward King, Mrs. Knowles, Anna Morris Holstein, Dr. H.C. May, Mrs. May, Rev. Gordon Winslow Perhaps this is a portrait of the Holstein's "Valued friends who regularly met in our tent, when the fatiguing duties of the day were over." Katherine Fish Winslow is thought to be the woman on the left with husband Gordon Winslow at right. The Doctor on the table is possibly Cyrus N. Chamberlain, the jokester from Massachusetts, and the seated woman is Sarah Smith Sampson from Maine. Block 9 by Paula Smith Sarah Smith Sampson (1836 - 1907) Sarah Smith Sampson from Bath worked with Maine Relief and spent several weeks at Camp Letterman. The larger photo looks to have been taken long after the war by the curly fringe (we'd call the hairstyle bangs). See block #4 for more information about the Maine organization. As patients died or recovered enough to travel home and to other hospitals the tents were packed to go to the next battle. By October only 300 patients remained and in November, after President Lincoln gave his short Gettysburg Address in the hospital cemetery, Camp Letterman closed. Crowds in Gettysburg for the cemetery dedication The Block Our final block appeared in many quilts in many variations. It's in the lower right corner in this humorous stereograph from the end of the 19th century Esther Blair Matthews inked a name "Star of the East" on her 1858 quilt in the collection of the Virginia Quilt Museum. Crocosmia, the Star of the East See more about the pattern history here: http://encyclopediaquiltpatterns.blogspot.com/2019/09/hospital-sketches-9-star-of-east.html By Block #9 anarchy reigns. Follow the pattern!?! You'll have to choose the parts you like. I couldn't get all five petals in there or the stems. To Print: Create a word file or a new empty JPG file. Click on the image above. Right click on it and save it to your file. Print that file. Be sure the square is about 1" in size. Cutting: For the background cut a square 18-1/2". Add seam allowances to the pattern pieces if you are doing traditional applique. The last block is non-directional so goes on a north/south axis. Becky Brown Added dots Subtraction 8-1/2" x 8-1/2" Cut a 9" square 1 Each of B and E to I 2 of C 1/2” Finished bias stem Denniele Bohannon's #9 Star of the East Sprout with an extra freckle, finishing to 9" After the War: Locket inscribed: "Presented to A.M.Holstein from the wounded officers and soldiers,1st Div, 2nd Corps,Gettysburg,July 1,2,3, 1863." The photo of the locket is from her Find-A-Grave file: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/15459924/ann-morris-holstein Anna and William Holstein were among those discussed in this series who went to Annapolis, Maryland after the war to tend to Union prisoners from the Andersonville prison. After that grueling duty the Holsteins went back to Pennsylvania in the summer of 1866. The Hosltein's farm in 1877 Anna published her memoir Three Years in Field Hospitals of the Army of the Potomac in 1867 and remained an activist, working to preserve Mount Vernon and the Valley Forge Battlefield, until her death at 75. Colonel Cleveland Winslow (1836-1864) One wonders how much post-traumatic stress syndrome hospital workers had to deal with for the rest of their lives. One sad clue: Chaplain Gordon Winslow, the white-bearded man in the Gettysburg photos, died in May, 1864 after falling overboard from Sanitary Commission steamer The Mary Rapley on the Potomac River. He was accompanying 28-year-old son Cleveland Winslow, mortally wounded at the Battle of Cold Harbor. Old newspaper accounts of people falling overboard always beg the question: Did he jump? 1858 Sampler Quilt by Esther Blair Matthews (1776-1866) Collection of the Virginia Quilt Museum Esther included several of the stylized, popular album designs such as the pineapple, a wreath, the Star of the East and the tulips, but many seem to be drawn directly from nature. Block 9 by Barb Sanders Extra Reading: Three Years in Field Hospitals of the Army of the Potomac by Anna Morris Holstein https://archive.org/details/threeyearsinfiel00hols/page/n13

Review for TNReady/ TCAP or for individual Tennessee Social Studies Standards for Standards from Prior to Civil War, Civil War, and Reconstruction 5.1-5.26 *********Visit my store for packets for the other standards or my discounted file of all standards!**** Cloze Passage review of TN Social Studies standards; practice context clues, vocabulary, and other ELA skills while reviewing social studies content! Information used for these cloze passages was found from our Social Studies textbooks and CK12.org Included: 5.1 ... Compare and contrast the myth of the Antebellum South to the realities of the region including the harshness of slavery, increased immigration to urban areas, and growth of railroads. (C, G, P) 5.2 ... Interpret the sectional differences between the North and the South in economics, transportation, and population. (C, E) 5.3 ... Use primary sources to analyze multiple samples of abolition leaders’ writings and their stance on slavery, including: (C, P) • Sojourner Truth • Frederick Douglass • the Grimke sisters • William Lloyd Garrison 5.4 ... Draw on information from multiple print or digital resources explaining the events that made slavery a national issue during the mid-19th century, including: (C, E, G, P) • Missouri Compromise • Uncle Tom’s Cabin • Compromise of 1850 • Brook’s attack on Sumner • Kansas-Nebraska Act • John Brown’s Raid • Dred Scott case 5.5 Evaluate each candidate in the campaign of 1860 and analyze how that campaign reflected the sectional turmoil of the country. (H, P, TN) 5.6 Explain with supporting details why Tennessee was divided on the issue of secession and the events that led it to eventually leave the Union to include: state convention vote of 1861, the Free and Independent State of Scott, Hurst Nation, East Tennessee mostly pro-Union and divided families. (H, P, TN) 5.7 Determine the meaning of the terms of this period with a visual representation, including: (G, C) • Union and Confederate States • Yankees and Rebels • Blue and Gray • Johnny Reb and Billy Yank 5.8 Analyze the geographic, social, political, and economic strengths and weakness of the North and South. (E, G, H, P) 5.9 Identify the Border States and the efforts of both sides to secure them to their cause. (G.H) 5.10 .... Create a visual display to explain the Union’s Anaconda Plan for defeating the Confederacy and how the geography of the South formed the Eastern, Western, and Trans-Mississippi theaters of war. (G, H, P) 5.11 Explain the significance and outcome of the major battles and identify their location on a map or visual representation, including: (G, H, TN) • Fort Sumter • First Battle of Bull Run • Fort Henry and Donelson • Shiloh • Antietam • Gettysburg • Vicksburg • Chickamauga • Franklin • Nashville • Appomattox Court House 5.12 Draw on informational text to explain the roles of the military and civil leaders during the Civil War, including: (C, H, P) • Abraham Lincoln • Jefferson Davis • Ulysses S. Grant • Robert E. Lee • Frederick Douglas • Clara Barton 5.13 ... Read and write an informative piece summarizing the Gettysburg Address to determine its meaning and significance. (H) 5.14 Use concrete words, phrases, and sensory details to describe the experience of the war on the battlefield and home front. (H, C) 5.15 Explain the contributions of Tennesseans during the war, including: (H, TN) • Nathan Bedford Forrest • Sam Watkins • Andrew Johnson • Matthew Fontaine Maury • Sam Davis 5.16 ... Evaluate and debate the rationales for the Emancipation Proclamation. (C, P) 5.17 Explain why Lincoln chose Andrew Johnson as his running mate in the election of 1864. (H, P, TN) 5.18 Describe the physical, social, political and economic consequences of the Civil War on the southern United States. (E, G) 5.19 Draw on information from multiple print or digital resources to describe the impact of the assassination of Abraham Lincoln on the nation. (H) 5.20 Analyze the goals and accomplishments of the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments, Freedmen’s Bureau, and Fisk University to help former slaves begin a new life. (C, H, P, TN) 5.21 Compare and contrast the different Reconstruction plans of Lincoln, Johnson, and Congress. (H, P) 5.22 Integrate information from several texts about the intent and failure of the impeachment of Andrew Johnson. (H, P, TN) 5.23 Analyze why the Radical Republicans turned to military Reconstruction and the backlash resulting in the rise of the Ku Klux Klan, black codes, and vigilante justice. (H, P, TN) 5.24 Explain the impact of the Tennessee Constitutional Convention of 1870, including poll taxes, segregation, and funds for public education. (E, P, TN) 5.25 Explain the compromise that ended Reconstruction with the election of Rutherford B. Hayes. (P) 5.26 Describe the impact of yellow fever during the 1870s; why it was particularly deadly in West Tennessee and the election of African Americans to the General Assembly. (G, H, TN)

Russian Civil War Art – Red Army vs White Army Russian Civil War – Bolshevik Revolution Anti-Bolshevik Civil War Poster Slavic Christian Monks meet a man on the road. “Trade your blade …

Orlando E. Snow, a private in the 16th Connecticut, was described as "morose" after the death of his brother at the Battle of Antietam. (Photo: Author's collection) Although two 16th Connecticut soldiers were despondent over the deaths of their brothers, comrades resorted to harsh -- even cruel -- means to shake them from their grief. 16th Connecticut soldiers tired of Orlando Snow's "ill humor" after the death of his brother, William Relyea (above) of the 16th Connecticut wrote. (Photo: Connecticut State Library archives) Seen frequently "moping around a fire" after his sibling's death, Private Alonzo N. Bosworth of Company D became disgustingly filthy, according to 16th Connecticut Sergeant William Relyea. Francis H. Bosworth, Alonzo's brother, was captured at the Battle of Antietam on Sept. 17, 1862, paroled three weeks later and died in Annapolis on Feb. 20, 1863 of an undetermined cause, perhaps a battle wound. (The 21-year-old soldier had been discharged from the army for disability on Feb. 5, 1863.) "By and by the boys began to notice his dirty black, grimy looks," Relyea wrote of Alonzo, only a teenager. "He had become so discolored with dirt, grease and smoke as to be almost unrecognizable, and so it was determined among us to wake up his manhood ..." Instead of consoling the young soldier from Union, Conn., his comrades pushed Bosworth nearer to a campfire "until he got right in the smoke." Angry that the ploy was unsuccessful in curing Alonzo's apparent depression, one man resorted to an even harsher tactic: pushing Bosworth directly into the fire. "...his hands and clothes were burnt some, but it made him mad, so very mad," Relyea wrote, "that he swore terribly. But he kept away from fires and one day soon after he appeared among us with clean face and hands and indeed a new man." Back of Orlando Snow CDV includes the soldier's name, company and regiment in period writing, as well as the name of the photographer and Washington studio where the image was made. The photograph undoubtedly was taken when the 16th Connecticut briefly camped near Washington before it joined the Army of the Potomac en route to Maryland and the Battle of Antietam. Soldiers in the regiment also showed a lack of compassion for Private Orlando E. Snow, whose brother Nelson was killed in John Otto's cornfield at Antietam. (See my interactive panoramas of Otto's cornfield.) A 23-year-old private, Nelson was sick several days before Antietam, but his illness didn't keep him from fighting. "(Snow) went into the fight for fear someone would call him a coward," Relyea wrote. "He was brave enough to die." "Likewise morose" after his brother's death, Orlando "was cured by similar means" used on Bosworth, Relyea wrote. "After the boys had endured his ill humor for months in pity for his loss, they got tired of it and many were the muttered threats against him if he didn't clean up dirty, lousy, and lazy. One day as he sat in the sun brooding over his sorrow, a little Irishman who was always clean as a whistle came along and stopped before him. Looking at his forlorn face for a moment, he stepped up to Snow and said, 'Begorrah, ye are the dirtiest bit of Snow I've seen in many a day,' and then without a word of warning he struck a ringing blow that made Snow's face look like a piece of toasted bread. Snow sprang to his feet and a lively rough-and-tumble ensued, but our wiry son of Hibernia was to (sic) much for him and the boys laughing parted them. Snow wanted to fight the whole regiment, forgot all his sorrows and became a man once more." Like their brothers, neither Orlando Snow nor Alonzo Bosworth survived the Civil War. Captured with nearly all their regiment at Plymouth, N.C., on April 20, 1864, they ended up at Andersonville, the most notorious of all Civil War POW camps. Promoted to corporal in January 1863, Alonzo, 20, was the first soldier in his regiment to perish at Andersonville when he died of diarrhea on June 20, 1864. After the war, he was buried at the camp under Grave No. 2,254. Orlando, 21, also died at Andersonville, probably of disease, on Nov. 17, 1864. His final resting place is unknown. Sources: Relyea, William, Letter book, 1862-1865, MS 72782, Connecticut Historical Society. Also by Relyea: "The History of the 16th Connecticut Volunteers, ” MS 72782, CHS. Relyea evidently confused the last name of the Bosworth brothers, recording their last name as "Bostwick." A review of 16th Connecticut rosters found no Bostwick in any company in the regiment, so Relyea must have been in error. State-issued markers for 16th Connecticut privates Orlando and Nelson Snow in West Suffield (Conn.) Cemetery. The final resting place of each soldier is unknown.

.css-1sgivba{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;gap:0.5rem;margin-bottom:var(--chakra-space-2);} .css-cosgki{font-size:16px;font-weight:var(--chakra-fontWeights-bold);} Product Type: Giclee Print Print Size: 12" x 9" Finished Size: 12" x 9" .css-1336n79{display:-webkit-box;display:-webkit-flex;display:-ms-flexbox;display:flex;-webkit-align-items:center;-webkit-box-align:center;-ms-flex-align:center;align-items:center;-webkit-flex-direction:row;-ms-flex-direction:row;flex-direction:row;gap:0.5rem;margin-top:var(--chakra-space-8);margin-bottom:var(--chakra-space-8);} Product ID: 53562627139A

Hospital Sketches Block #9 by Becky Brown Our last block in Hospital Sketches recalls a giant field hospital set up after the Battle of Gettysburg in July, 1863. Gettysburg's three-day fight in Union territory resulted in the largest number of casualties in the war with 45,000 to 51,000 soldiers killed, wounded, missing or captured. Neighborhood volunteers were joined by official staff who traveled to tend to the wounded, among them several women discussed earlier, such as Georgiana Woolsey and Annie Bell. Sarah Middleton Robbins Broadhead (1831- 1910) Quaker Sarah Broadhead, 32 years old, was one of the Gettysburg volunteers. Four days after the battle: "This morning we started out to see the wounded, with as much food as we could scrape together, and some old quilts and pillows. It was very little, but yet better than nothing.... I assisted in feeding some of the severely wounded, when I perceived that they were suffering on account of not having their wounds dressed. I did not know whether I could render any assistance in that way, but I thought I would try. July 8 — Again at the hospital early this morning. Several physicians and lady nurses had come on from Washington the previous evening, and under their care things already began to look better." Block 9 by Janet Perkins Dr. Jonathan Letterman (1824-1872) The Union Army soon established a hospital near the railroad east of Gettysburg, naming it Camp Letterman for Dr. Jonathan Letterman, Medical Director for the Army of the Potomac who'd ably attended to wounded after the Battle of Antietam a year earlier. The hospital, which operated for only five months, was a huge temporary complex. Camp Letterman, 1863 Decorating hospitals with evergreen swags and wreaths was considered cheering. One learns to recognize photos of Camp Letterman by the decor. Block #9 by Bettina Havig During the weeks after the battle the wounded Union and Confederate soldiers were moved to more permanent hospitals or sent home while 4,200 too injured to travel remained at the Camp. The site began with 400 tent wards, each treating 10 soldiers. Dark days inspire black humor. Here Drs. Chamberlain and Lyford pose with a patient and two of their victims in their "Office." Camp Letterman was well-photographed. Organizations such as the Sanitary Commission, the Christian Commission and the State Relief Agencies set up their own areas. Sanitary Commission offices under an arch. The seated man with the white beard is New Yorker Gordon Winslow. The woman is probably Mrs. H.C. May Gordon Winslow (1807-1864) Winslow was a chaplain and a Sanitary Commission administrator. The King of Prussia Historical Society has a series of Gettysburg photographs labeled with names, helping us identify the people at Camp Letterman. http://www.kophistory.org/publicViewer.php?ID=120 The center woman in the plaid dress is Anna Morris Holstein, who served with her husband Major William Holstein in supplying the field hospitals for the Army of the Potomac. Anna Morris Ellis Holstein (1825-1900) CDV of Anna taken during the war with the field photo superimposed. Anna Holstein was from Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. After the Battle of Antietam in 1862 she and her husband "gave up our sweet country home, and from that date were 'dwellers in tents,' occupied usually in field hospitals, choosing that work because there was the greatest need, and knowing that while many were willing to work at home, but few could go to the front." Major William Hayman Holstein, Seward King, Mrs. Knowles, Anna Morris Holstein, Dr. H.C. May, Mrs. May, Rev. Gordon Winslow Perhaps this is a portrait of the Holstein's "Valued friends who regularly met in our tent, when the fatiguing duties of the day were over." Katherine Fish Winslow is thought to be the woman on the left with husband Gordon Winslow at right. The Doctor on the table is possibly Cyrus N. Chamberlain, the jokester from Massachusetts, and the seated woman is Sarah Smith Sampson from Maine. Block 9 by Paula Smith Sarah Smith Sampson (1836 - 1907) Sarah Smith Sampson from Bath worked with Maine Relief and spent several weeks at Camp Letterman. The larger photo looks to have been taken long after the war by the curly fringe (we'd call the hairstyle bangs). See block #4 for more information about the Maine organization. As patients died or recovered enough to travel home and to other hospitals the tents were packed to go to the next battle. By October only 300 patients remained and in November, after President Lincoln gave his short Gettysburg Address in the hospital cemetery, Camp Letterman closed. Crowds in Gettysburg for the cemetery dedication The Block Our final block appeared in many quilts in many variations. It's in the lower right corner in this humorous stereograph from the end of the 19th century Esther Blair Matthews inked a name "Star of the East" on her 1858 quilt in the collection of the Virginia Quilt Museum. Crocosmia, the Star of the East See more about the pattern history here: http://encyclopediaquiltpatterns.blogspot.com/2019/09/hospital-sketches-9-star-of-east.html By Block #9 anarchy reigns. Follow the pattern!?! You'll have to choose the parts you like. I couldn't get all five petals in there or the stems. To Print: Create a word file or a new empty JPG file. Click on the image above. Right click on it and save it to your file. Print that file. Be sure the square is about 1" in size. Cutting: For the background cut a square 18-1/2". Add seam allowances to the pattern pieces if you are doing traditional applique. The last block is non-directional so goes on a north/south axis. Becky Brown Added dots Subtraction 8-1/2" x 8-1/2" Cut a 9" square 1 Each of B and E to I 2 of C 1/2” Finished bias stem Denniele Bohannon's #9 Star of the East Sprout with an extra freckle, finishing to 9" After the War: Locket inscribed: "Presented to A.M.Holstein from the wounded officers and soldiers,1st Div, 2nd Corps,Gettysburg,July 1,2,3, 1863." The photo of the locket is from her Find-A-Grave file: https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/15459924/ann-morris-holstein Anna and William Holstein were among those discussed in this series who went to Annapolis, Maryland after the war to tend to Union prisoners from the Andersonville prison. After that grueling duty the Holsteins went back to Pennsylvania in the summer of 1866. The Hosltein's farm in 1877 Anna published her memoir Three Years in Field Hospitals of the Army of the Potomac in 1867 and remained an activist, working to preserve Mount Vernon and the Valley Forge Battlefield, until her death at 75. Colonel Cleveland Winslow (1836-1864) One wonders how much post-traumatic stress syndrome hospital workers had to deal with for the rest of their lives. One sad clue: Chaplain Gordon Winslow, the white-bearded man in the Gettysburg photos, died in May, 1864 after falling overboard from Sanitary Commission steamer The Mary Rapley on the Potomac River. He was accompanying 28-year-old son Cleveland Winslow, mortally wounded at the Battle of Cold Harbor. Old newspaper accounts of people falling overboard always beg the question: Did he jump? 1858 Sampler Quilt by Esther Blair Matthews (1776-1866) Collection of the Virginia Quilt Museum Esther included several of the stylized, popular album designs such as the pineapple, a wreath, the Star of the East and the tulips, but many seem to be drawn directly from nature. Block 9 by Barb Sanders Extra Reading: Three Years in Field Hospitals of the Army of the Potomac by Anna Morris Holstein https://archive.org/details/threeyearsinfiel00hols/page/n13

Syrian artist Tammam Azzam delves into memory and conflict while reflecting on the civil war-torn country.

Visit the post for more.

With each passing day, combats between Christian Phalangists and Muslims in the streets of Beirut become bloodier and bloodier.

Block 3 Sweet Gum Leaf by Becky Brown Becky's used prints from my Old Cambridge Pike line for Moda. This map of the trails was drawn about 1907 after most native tribes were moved elsewhere and states and cities were established. You can see the red road loops south of Independence as it starts northwest up to the Platte River. Why go south to travel north and ultimately west? One reason was to find the easiest crossing. Real mountains lay far ahead but rivers and creeks offered serious obstacles early in the voyage. Following long-established trails avoided steep banks and unstable river beds. "She didn't Get Her Feet Wet" following Wadsworth's Guide, 1858 How did travelers know where to turn? They hired guides (some more reliable than others.) And they bought guide books and maps. Wadsworth's National Wagon Road Guide from St. Joseph and Council Bluffs, 1858 1849 guide to California and "The Various Overland Routes" Differing advice mapped different routes. In 1850 Anna Maria Morris's trip south to Santa Fe took a trail north of the Kansas River, where they had to cross Stranger Creek and then Grasshopper Creek. On May 22nd they waited from 8:30 a.m. until 1 to cross the Stranger. She wrote a letter to her father: "In crossing the creek the wagons stalled…altho' we were stationary three whole hours we did not get very much out of patience---The Dr. had two parlor chairs left in the mud broken all to pieces---I fear mine will go next---We crossed the Stranger in safety tho' the banks are very steep indeed." "They Take a Cut Off" Wadsworth's guide included humorous drawings of the consequences of ignoring their advice. Small towns and trading posts evolved along these established trails. One was Gum Springs, a day out of Westport, Missouri. Gum Springs was an old settlement in the Shawnee's reserve, near several Christian missions to the tribe that had been removed from Ohio. Sweet Gum Leaf by Denniele Bohannon Denniele's pink and red are from my Alice's Scrapbag line for Moda. The town was named for a grove of gum trees, probably sweet gums. Decades later its name was changed to Shawnee. The Grasshopper River mentioned above became the Delaware (named for the tribe and not the state or the English Lord.) One problem in tracing the trail through diaries, letters and guidebooks is that many of the place names have changed from the rather earthy vernacular names. I live on Hogback Ridge along the California Trail, but the name was changed to Mount Oread in the 1850s. See Jim Tompkins's list of Kansas Mileposts Along the Oregon Trail here: http://www.oregonpioneers.com/Milepost1.htm The pattern is BlockBase #857.032 Remember Gum Springs and the old names along the trails with a Sweet Gum Leaf, a traditional design given this name by Clara Stone who sold quilt patterns from her New England home about 1910. Cutting a 12 inch block A - Cut 2 squares 4" x 4" B - Cut 1 square 6-3/16" x 6-3/16". Cut into four triangles with 2 cuts. You need all 4 triangles. C - Use the templates to cut 6 diamonds. D - Cut 1 rectangle 4" x 12-1/2". E - Use the template to cut 1 stem. Add seams. Templates How to Print Right click on the image above and save it to a JPG file. Print that file out 8" by 8". There's a line in there that should measure 8" end to end. Adjust the printed page size if necessary. Add seams when you cut the fabric. UPDATES Here's how to rotary cut the parallelogram for C and below is another template to print out at 8-1/2" x 11". Add seams if you are using the template. The sewing line on the side of that shape should measure 3-5/8". The cutting line 4-1/4". And see this tutorial on cutting and sewing a 12" star. http://www.artquiltmaker.com/blog/2011/10/tutorial-lemoyne-star/ And BJ sent a template too. It's 8" square. Sewing the Block Sweet Gum Leaf by Marclyn Woolsey Anna Maria Morris's journal "A Military Wife on the Santa Fe Trail" was published in Kenneth Holmes's Volume 2 of Covered Wagon Women. Read a preview in a Google Books preview here: https://books.google.com/books?id=CZ69KrLXC30C&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q=morris&f=false Guide books were translated into French and German to encourage Europeans to take a chance on the Western U.S. Three blocks done! Linda Mooney's Block 3. No pattern for her view of the Sweet Gum Leaf.

GETTYSBURG, Pa. — The commemoration of this year's milestone anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg will include amenities that soldiers would have relished 150 years ago.

Do you like getting scared? Do you go out and search for ghosts or paranormal activity? Don’t worry, a lot of people like searching for these spooky things this time of year. There are places…

Our posters are printed to order on a choice high quality (200gsm +) paper and come in three sizes. These are affordable Digital reproductions and are sent in high quality, durable cardboard tubes via royal Mail. Paper Size: - A3 A2 or A1 A3 = 297mm x 420mm or 16.5 inc x 11.7 inc A2 = 594mm x 420mm or 23.4 inc x 16.5 in A1 = 841mm x 594mm or 33.1 inc x 23.4 inc All prints are the best possible fit to a sheet of A3,A2 and A1 IMPORTANT ROYAL MAIL TRACKING The vast majority of our items are sent via Royal Mail and purchased through Etsy Postage. A tracking number is automatically added to your order details. We have had numerous complaints that Postmen are not leaving cards when customers are not in. This now seems to be the norm. It is the customers responsibility to check the tracking and see if an item needs collection or redelivering. These items are generally returned to us after a month after which we will invoice you again to reship the item. If you're item has not arrived after the stated delivery time, check the tracking information. Please note that items sent 2nd class, will only show delivery information once delivery has been attempted. INTERNATIONAL ORDERS OUTSIDE OF THE UK Please note that we now have orders printed and sent from the customers country of residence wherever possible. Items were taking three to four weeks to be delivered by the Royal Mail, with items being delayed at customs, especially in the USA. We can now get items to customers throughout the world within 7 to 10 days. This has resulted in us having to raise our prices for orders placed outside of the UK, however, with the saving made in postage, items are generally £5 or more cheaper to the customer. We hope you agree that this is better off for all parties and that you will pay less overall and get your items quicker.

Our top recommendations for the best bars in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S. with pictures, reviews, and details from the editors at Condé Nast Traveler. Find the best spots to drink, including fun, trendy, rooftop bars, and more.

Explore Sapa, Hanoi, Halong Bay, Ninh Binh, Phong Nha, Hue, Hoi An, Dalat, Mui Ne and Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon) on this incredible one month Vietnam itinerary.

The best things to do in Tam Coc and Ninh Binh plus where to stay, where to eat, and more tips for visiting this stunning part of Vietnam!

In this the Arab Spring and the Syrian Civil War activity, students follow 2 pages of guided notes and an interactive, 19-slide PowerPoint (also in Google Slides) to understand the major causes, players, and outcomes of the Arab Spring. Students learn about the causes of the Arab Spring, the major protests in Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Bahrain, Yemen, Saudi Arabia, and Syria (that launched the Syrian Civil War). Students are introduced to Egyptian President Hosni Mubarak (and Mohammad Morsi), Libyan dictator Muammar Gaddafi, Tunisian citizen Mouhamed Bouazizi, Saudi Arabian King Abdullah, Nobel Peace Prize winner and Yemini citizen Tawakil Karman, and, among others, Syrian dictator Bashar Al-Assad. Several engaging videos of news stories related to the protests are also included. **This resource is packaged in my Middle East Unit Bundle to save you considerably! A teacher key and Google 1:1 version are included!